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Music 101 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is basso continuo?

A

a technique where improvised chords are added to a bass line

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2
Q

What is figured bass?

A

a set of symbols written above or below bass line to help keyboardists see bass line

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3
Q

What is walking bass?

A

every note in the bass line is the same length

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4
Q

What is ground bass?

A

bass line in which the succession of pitches repeat over and over

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5
Q

What is a fugue?

A

highly structured with non-stop polyphony

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6
Q

What is the exposition of a fugue?

A

begins with main melody sounded by a single voice

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7
Q

What is the subject?

A

The Voice One that starts a fugue

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8
Q

What is a bridge?

A

extra musical material to stretch the piece out

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9
Q

What is the episode?

A

After the exposition and the last voice is done we have the episode. Reworking of whats already done

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10
Q

What are fugal devices?

A 
Retrograde
Inversion
Retrogrde Inversion
Diminution
Augmentation
Fragmentation
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11
Q

What is ritornello form?

A

initial music material is presented by a group of instruments, then solo, then group..

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12
Q

What is French overture?

A

piece of music that begins a multi-movement composition. French is from AB

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13
Q

What is da capo aria?

A

a song in three sections. ABA.2nd time with A the singer improvises

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14
Q

What are castrati?

A

men who were castrated before puberty in order to prevent their voices from dropping pitch

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15
Q

define concerto and concerto grosso

A

concerto features a soloist and an orchestra, grosso has more soloists

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16
Q

What is cadenza?

A

moment in concerto where the soloist improvises for as long as they want

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17
Q

What is a piano reduction?

A

a piano arrangement for an orchestral score

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18
Q

What is a suite?

A

A multi-movement where the first movement is introduction and rest are based on dances

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19
Q

What is a sonata?

A

domestic genre to be played in homes, most baroque are solo sonatas

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20
Q

What is a trio sonata?

A

performed in home, two higher players and basso’s

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21
Q

What is an Opera?

A

a genre where a story is told through singing and acting

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22
Q

What is a libretto?

A

Used to write opera’s. IT means little book and is text for an opera

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23
Q

What is opera seria?

A

a serious opera, usually had to do with highly influential history

24
Q

What is opera buffa?

A

comic opera, usually depicts a servant overcoming a master

25
Q

What is a recitative?

A

section in an opera where narration is done by a solo singer, or dialougue is sung between multiple singers

26
Q

What is secco recitative?

A

speech life, accompanied by sparse chords

27
Q

What is accompanied recitative?

A

accompaniment from the continuo player and orchestra

28
Q

Wat is an aria?

A

section in an opera where a solo singer reflects on his emotions for a plot

29
Q

What is an ensemble?

A

more than one singer, highly melodic and repetitive

30
Q

What is a chorus?

A

musical number for a large group of singers

31
Q

What is oratorio?

A

similar to an opera but tells a sacred story

32
Q

What is a chorale?

A

same thing as a hymn

33
Q

What is a chorale prelude?

A

arrangement of a chorale for a solo organ

34
Q

What is a cantata?

A

sacred, short musical presentation in Luthern church service

35
Q

Who is Johann Sebastian Bach?

A

Baroque composer, blind, wrote mostly for Lutheran church

36
Q

Who was Handel?

A

wrote mostly in operas and oratorio

37
Q

What is a sonata of classical era?

A

3 parts, exposition, development and recapitulation

38
Q

What is the 1st theme?

A

simple melody with homophonic support

39
Q

What is the bridge?

A

purpose is a transition from tonic key to closely related key

40
Q

What is the cadence theme?

A

simple melody in new key, ends with solid cadential chord

41
Q

What is the retransition?

A

takes the piece from development to recapitulation

42
Q

What is a coda?

A

added at end of recapitulation, means tail, repeats the tonic

43
Q

What is variation form?

A

form that begins with the main melody and followed by numerious variations of the theme

44
Q

What is minuet form?

A

evolved from Baroque dance. triple meter ABA

45
Q

/what is scherzo?

A

similar to minuet, at end of classical era, faster, more freedom

46
Q

What is Rondo Form?

A

allows the most freedom

47
Q

What is sonata-rondo form?

A

hybrid of sonata and rondo

48
Q

What is a classical symphony?

A

multi movement work for orchestra

49
Q

What is a classical concerto?

A

same as Baroque: composition for soloist with orchestra

50
Q

What plays in a classical sonata?

A

multi-movement solo for piano or duo with piano and other orchestral instrument

51
Q

What is a string quartet?

A

chamber genre, any combination of four strings

52
Q

What is a piano trio?

A

work for piano and two other orchestral instruments

53
Q

What is a wind quartet?

A

work for five wind instruments, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and horn

54
Q

What is classical opera?

A

same as that of Baroque

55
Q

What is a singspiel?

A

a german opera where spoken dialogue take the place of recitative numbers

Music 101 (3 decks)

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