Test 3

Question 1

What is the purpose of a Yearling-Stocker operation?

Answer 1

To feed and manage cattle growth prior to going to a feedlot.

Question 2

What type of cattle are in a yearling-stocker operation?

Answer 2

Steers and heifers after weaning

Question 3

Profitability of a yearling-stocker operatoin depends on the cost and availability of? (3)

Answer 3

Grass or forage
calves or yearlings
health management

Question 4

Tops states for yearling-stocker? (3)

Answer 4

Texas, Kansas, and Oklahoma

Question 5

Yearling-stocker calves usually weigh less than ___ lbs

Answer 5

500

Question 6

Either the cattle change hands several times, or who can retain ownership?

Answer 6

Cow-calf producers can retain ownership

Question 7

How are USDA muscling scores organized?

Answer 7

1-4 with 1 being the heaviest muscled and 4 being uncommon

Question 8

How are frame scores characterized?

Answer 8

Large (6 or greater)= steers >1,250 and heifers >1,150
Medium (4-5)= steers 1100-1250 and heifers 1100-1150
Small (<3)= steers <1100 and heifers < 1000

Question 9

What is the point of USDA feeder cattle grades?

Answer 9

Predict feedlot weight gain and harvest weight endpoint (thriftiness)

Question 10

You want to buy___ and sell ____

Answer 10

Buy low and sell high

Question 11

How do you want the calves to be when you purchase them? (4)

Answer 11

moderate condition
healthy
light for age
moderate or better muscle and frame

Question 12

Are the prices of calves usually steady?

Answer 12

No, they are seasonal

Question 13

Three ways to pay for leasing a pasture?

Answer 13

Per acre
$/lb of gain
fixed ratio per head

Question 14

Considerations when renting land? (3)

Answer 14

Cost of land ownership
Demand for use of the land
productivity of the land

Question 15

Responsibilities when leasing the land? (2)

Answer 15

Checking cattle

Maintaining fences and water

Question 16

What are some cattle stressors to keep in mind? (7)

Answer 16

Weaning
Sorting and Co-mingling
Transportation 
Handling
Processing and Vaccinations
Weather
Dietary Changes

Question 17

What cattle are high risk?

Answer 17

Freshly weaning and light weight

Question 18

What is the best way to prevent getting high risk cattle?

Answer 18

Know the origin of the cattle and the practices used on them

Question 19

What part of the feeding period is most crucial for profit?

Answer 19

The beginning

Question 20

Least risk is on cattle that are? (5)

Answer 20

1) weaned 30-45 days before shipping
2) castrated within 90 days of age
3) polled or dehorned prior to 90 days of age
4) free of internal and external parasites
5) vaccinated

Question 21

What is the greatest health problem, and how is it caused?

Answer 21

Respiratory issues- stress, virus, pathogenic bacteria

Question 22

When receiving cattle, you need to give them? (2)

Answer 22

Hay and water

Question 23

How should the roughage be when receiving cattle?

Answer 23

High quality hay with a starter ration

Question 24

What is an ideal rate of gain?

Answer 24

1.5 or higher

Question 25

What are two commonly used types of growth stimulants?

Answer 25

Ear Implants | Ionophores

Question 26

What are the three main goals of preconditioning?

Answer 26

1) weaning at least 45 days before sale 2) training to feed from a bunk and drink from a water trough 3) Castration, dehorning, and vaccinations

Question 27

What are the pros of preconditioning? (3)

Answer 27

Develop a reputation for marketing healthy cattle Add value to home-raised calves Increase income thorugh retained ownership

Question 28

What are the cons of preconditioning? (2)

Answer 28

Requires more labor | Up front expense of keeping the cattle

Question 29

Three ways to target markets?

Answer 29

Advertise your management Relationship with buyers Organize feeder calf markets

Question 30

What can be tricky with organizing a feeder calf market?

Answer 30

requirements are different among programs

Question 31

What are fed cattle?

Answer 31

cattle that are fed concentrates for several months prior to slaughter in confinment

Question 32

What is a feedlot?

Answer 32

Confinement areas located where major portions of grains are produced

Question 33

What re the top 5 states for feedlots?

Answer 33

Colorado, Nebraska, Texas, Kansas, and Iowa

Question 34

What are the 2 types of cattle feeding operations that were discussed in class?

Answer 34

Commercial and Farmer Feeder

Question 35

What is a commercial feeding operation? (4)

Answer 35

1) over 1,000 head of cattle 2) may own cattle 3) custom feeding or custom feedlots have the cattle owned by someone else and feed on a contractual basis 4) combination of both

Question 36

What is a benefit of retaining ownership of cattle through the feedlot stage?

Answer 36

If you retain ownership, you better know how they will perform

Question 37

What is a Farmer Feeder lot?

Answer 37

less than 1,000 head

Question 38

What type of dairy cows are predominantly in feed lots?

Answer 38

Holsteins

Question 39

What makes dairy cattle valuable in a feed lot?

Answer 39

Uniform carcasses with great marbling (usually prime) and have high cutability

Question 40

What is the drawback to dairy cattle in a feedlot?

Answer 40

Feed for long periods ( around 365 days)

Question 41

Estimated Cost formula?

Answer 41

(purchase weight x current price) = $ paid

Question 42

Estimated Sale Value formula?

Answer 42

(sale weight x sale price) = projected sale value

Question 43

Estimated gain formula?

Answer 43

Sale weight - purchase weight

Question 44

Total Cost of Gain formula?

Answer 44

(sale weight - purchase weight) = total gain x $value

Question 45

Break Even Price on Gain formula?

Answer 45

(projected sale value - $ paid) / (estimated gain)

Question 46

Estimated Purchase Cost formula?

Answer 46

(purchase weight x price per pound) = $ paid

Question 47

Necessary Selling Price formula?

Answer 47

($ paid + cost of gain) / sale weight