Test 3 Flashcards
What is it called if it comes out of the top?
Puking a column.
What is multi-component distillation?
Seperating more than 2 things.
Who are the only people allowed in and out of the MCC?
Electricians
What are the different types of filling that we can have in a distillation tower?
- 3 types of trays
- Sieve Tray
- Bubble Cap
- Valve Trey
- 2 types of packing
- Random
- Structured (honeycomb)
**All of these are used to create more surface area
What are the two types of backup power and what are they used for?
- Co-Gen
- goes into electrical supply system
- mostly used as an eletrical supply but is able to take over if needed.
- UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)
- used on critical instrumentation
- allows you to shut down plant safely in event of black out.
- (battery pack)
whats the purpose of reflux?
Over-head purity and a temp. regulation
Can help cool tower
What do we put into a flare to help prevent black smoke and help have complete combustion?
Steam
What is a saftey valve?
USed for gases and reacts quickly.
3 ways heat can be transfered?
- Conduction- through a solid
- Convection - through movement of liquid or fluid.
- Radiation - through the air (waves).
Why do we want intimate contact?
For heat transfer.
What is the purposed of monitoring process far off, waht are we looking for?
Black smoke which indicates incomplete combustion
What is the difference between hot and cold relief?
Hot - Above 32 degrees F
Cold - Below 32 degrees F
Reciever
takes the liquid portion for refrigeration
Where does the cooling come from?
The metering device/
What does explosion proof mean?
it is meant to contain an internal explosion and keep it to that specific piece of equipment.
Purpose of Vaccum Distillation?
Decresing the pressure and causes boiling point to go down
At what voltage does energy come into the plant at?
13.8KB
What does preheater do?
takes feed and bottoms, preheats the feed
What happens if you have dry trays?
WIll not be as pure.
What is the purpose of the knockout drum?
- Removes any liquids
- Lquids are either sent to slop drum or another drum to be re-processed
What is flooding a column?
When it fills up with liquid
Defintion of Distillation?
Seperation based on boiling points.
What is a thermal oxodizer?
An incenterator.
Very high Temp furnace.
Used mostly to burn hazardous/biohazardous materials.
What happens in a seal drum?
Full of water
Vapor inlet is submurged in water so that if teh flame lights up it wont go through water.
So it is sealed off.
What can you tell me about the burners on the stack?
- Pilot light is on 24/7 365
- 2 cameras
- 1 up close and 1 far off
- 1 up close to monitor flare
- 1 far off to monitor whole process
What happens in extraction?
A 3rd component is introduced to 2 very similar boiling points and it dissolves and pulls one product from the other.
How does a relief system work?
A valve is held in place with a spring, when pressure gets to a certain point it pushes srping and opens to relieve pressure.
The metering device is also called what?
Thermostatic Expansion Valve.
What does the flare burn?
Vapor or liquid?
VAPOR ONLY
What is the differnce between a:
Refridgeration system-
Cooling water system-
- anything below ambient temerature
- only goes to ambient temp and has condensor
Where is the flash zone?
Where the feed tray is located.
What is a relief valve?
Used for liquids and reacts slowly
What is the difference between
Continious?
Batch?
Distillation
- Continious means you add feed all of the time and continiously take off products
- Batch means you put some in, get it hot, have a vapor and liquid, and then you start all over.
If reboiler starts firing and makes column too hot what will happen to prcoess?
What about too cold?
You will have some heavies that also vaporize with the lights.
called impure overhead
You will have impure bottoms
will have lights in bottoms
What does intrinsically safe mean?
it means that it has a low enough voltage that it wont cause any problems, such as a spark.
What is the name of the building that has the start and stop switches, fuses, and breakers?
Motor Control Center
What is an arc flash?
Very high voltage short across components, can have very high pressures and temps.
What is a fuse?
has to be changed, 1st line of defense, wire will burn if too much current is generated through it.
What is the purpose of a relief system?
To relieve pressure.
How long can we have black smoke?
6 min in 2 hours
Metering Device
(where pressure drops)
this is where the change in state takes place
Purpose of Reboiler?
it is a heat source for the tower
What is the difference between
Mechanical System?
Absorbtion system?
- your refrigeration system, has a compressor
- your cooling towaer (water)
Purpose of trays?
Causes more surface area which causes intimate contact between liquid and vapor
What does “car sealing” a valve mean?
chaining a valve to stay open
Azotrophic Distillation?
Seperating things that have very close boiling points.
What is binary distillation?
Seperating only 2 components.
Over head and bottoms.
Relief and saftey valves must be tested when?
Annualy.
Heat flows from what to what?
High temp to Low temp
What is a breaker?
Is for instant load change
If the Breaker trips it must be reset.
suction drum
Draws liquid to start process over
What is the purpose of pruge or sweet gas in a flare system?
To keep stuff swept out of system
To not allow oxygen to back into the system.
Compressor
takes it to high pressure
(needs to be done in order to turn it back to liquid)
What is the purpose of a vapor recovery unit?
taking vapor and bringing it back itno the system to be used.
At what voltage does energy come in to be stepped down at?
between 100 and 160 KB
