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Biology 160 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Law of thermodynamics

         Second law
A

As energy changes form it goes from most usable (organized) to less usable (unorganized)

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2
Q

Energy in biological systems

         Metabolism
A

Get, use, and store energy
Changing energy forms
A series of chemical reactions
Reactant-int-int-int-int-int-products

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3
Q

Energy in biological systems

         Metabolism: Anabolic
A

Part of the metabolism.
Build big out of small, requires energy

Endergonic: Energy in

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4
Q

Energy in biological systems

         Metabolism: anabolic: endergonic
A

Energy in

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5
Q

Energy in biological systems

         Metabolism: Catabolic
A

Break big molecules into small molecules, energy released (cat story)

Exergonic: Energy out

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6
Q

Energy in biological systems

         Metabolism: Catabolic: Exergonic
A

Energy out

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7
Q

Energy carriers: ATP

A

Adenosine triphosphate
Most important
(If we are hungry or tired we need ATP, more energy)

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8
Q

Energy carriers: ADP

A

Adenosine diphosphate
Same minus 1 phosphate
Less energy

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9
Q

Energy carriers: NAD

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Electron buses

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10
Q

Energy carriers: NADH

A

NAD + H + e –> NADH

Reduction

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11
Q

Energy carriers: FAD

A

Flavin adenine dinucleotide
Precursor: Riboflavin
Carries electrons
Oxidized

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12
Q

Energy carriers: FADH2

A

Reduced

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13
Q

Energy carriers: NADP

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Plants and photosynthesis

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14
Q

Energy carriers: NADPH

A

NAD + H + e

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15
Q

Oxidation

A

Follow H ___ —> H = Reduction

                H ---> \_\_\_ = Oxidation

Taking away electron

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16
Q

Reduction

A

Follow H ___ —> H = Reduction

                H ---> \_\_\_ = Oxidation

Adding an electron

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17
Q

Photosynthesis: Function

A

Takes light energy to make chemical energy (glucose)

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18
Q

Photosynthesis: Reactants

A

Sunlight, chlorophyll, CO2, H2O

19
Q

Photosynthesis: Products

A

O2, H2O, C6 H12 O6 (glucose)-most important

20
Q

Photosynthesis: Formula

A

6 CO2 + 12 H2O —> C6 H12 06 + 6 02 + 6 H2O

21
Q

Photosynthesis: Light dependent pathway

Reactants (oxidized form)

A

Water, NADP, ADP, + (chlorophyll)&(sunlight)

22
Q

Photosynthesis: Light dependent pathway

Products (reduced form)

A

Oxygen, NADPH,ATP

23
Q

Photosynthesis: Light independent pathway (Calvin cycle) linked to dependent pathway

A

Carbon dioxide, NADPH, ATP

24
Q

Photosynthesis: Light independent pathway (Calvin cycle) linked to dependent pathway

Products

A

C6 H12 O6(glucose), NADP, ADP

25
Photosynthesis: Chlorophyll
Photosynthetic pigment that does photosynthesis | Stroma: space between thylakoid & inner membrane is where light independent pathway happens
26
Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts
Photosynthesis happens here Thylakoid: light dependent happens here
27
Photosynthesis: light dependent pathway Chemiosmosis
?
28
Cellular respiration: Function
Changes glucose into new energy | form ATP
29
Cellular respiration: Formula
C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O --> | 6 CO2 + 12 H2O + ATP
30
Cellular respiration: Reactants
Glucose, oxygen, water
31
Cellular respiration: Products
Carbon dioxide, water, ATP
32
Cellular respiration: Glycolysis C6 H12 O6 & ATP Reactants
Glucose, ATP, NAD, ADP
33
Cellular respiration: Glycolysis C6 H12 O6 & ATP Products
Pyruvate, ADP, NADH, ATP
34
Cellular respiration: Oxidation of pyruvate Takes electrons Reactants
Pyruvate, NAD
35
Cellular respiration: Oxidation of pyruvate Takes electrons Products
CO2, Acetate, NADH
36
Cellular respiration: Krebs cycle (CTA) Reactants
Acetate, NAD, ADP, FAD
37
Cellular respiration: Krebs cycle (CTA) Products
Carbon dioxide, NADH, ATP, FADH2
38
Cellular respiration: Oxidative phosphorylation Process of putting a phosphate on Reactants
Oxygen, ADP, NADH, FADH
39
Cellular respiration: Oxidative phosphorylation Process of putting a phosphate on Products
H2O, ATP, NAD, FAD
40
Cellular respiration: Location -cytoplasm (glycolysis) Matrix
Most internal component (Krebs)
41
Cellular respiration: Location -cytoplasm (glycolysis) Cristae
Inner fold where there are proteins
42
Cellular respiration: Oxidative phosphorylation detail
?
43
Cellular respiration: Chemiosmosis
?
44
Law of thermodynamics First law
Not created or destroyed, just changes form

Biology 160 (2 decks)

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