Test 3 Flashcards
______ is any uncomfortable emotional experience accompanied by predictable biochemical, physiological, and behavior changes
Stress
poor social skills & loneliness would be what type of external challenge?
Interpersonal
Cultural differences & weather are what type of external challenge?
Environmental
Substance abuse and nutritional access(sugar) are what type of internal challenge?
Biological
Perfectionism,Obsessiveness
,and Addictiveness are what type of internal challenge?
Psychological
______ is defined as positive stress
Eustress (SAM- Pathway)
_________ is defined as Negative stress
Distress (HPA- pathway)
Marriage,Promotion,and graduation are what type of stress?
Eustress
_______ is a “Pathological counterpart of normal fear…. disturbances of mood.”
or a feeling of apprehension or fear
anxiety
______ is the type of anxiety disorder that is Excessive uncontrollable worry about everyday things. This constant worry affects daily functioning and can cause physical symptoms.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
This Anxiety disorder ______ has these symptoms:
- Restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge
- Being easily fatigued
- Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank
- Irritability
- Muscle tension
- Sleep Disturbance (difficulty falling or staying asleep)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
To be classified has having Generalized Anxiety Disorder, how many symptoms do you have to have?
At least 3 out of the 6
Which anxiety disorder does PTSD stand for?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
______ is the type of anxiety disorder that is best described has a panic attack
Panic Disorder
______ is the type of anxiety disorder that causes people to have difficulty interacting with people and public speaking
Social Phobia
______ is the type of anxiety disorder that causes people to repeat specific behavior because of fear of negative events (such as: cleaning house, or Washing Hands)
OCD
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
________ is/are Disorders that influence mood regulation beyond usual variations between sadness and happiness/excitement
- Persistent low mood and inability to find enjoyment in activities
- Lack of motivation to begin or continue activities
- Feelings of worthlessness
Depression or anxiety
_______ is a Depression Disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.
Major Depression Disorder
_______ is a mental disorder marked by alternating periods of elation and depression.
Bipolar Disorder
_______ this is Persistent mild depression
Dysthymia
________ this is a depression disorder that is characterized by marked swings of mood between depression and elation; bipolar disorder.
(Synonymous with Bipolar)
Cyclothymia
________this is a potential tool in both the prevention and the treatment of anxiety and depression
Physical Activity
-Self-Reporting Measures
-Psychological Measures
-Physiological Measures
-Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Frontal Asymmetry
These are all good ways to measure _______?
Depression,Anxiety,& Stress
_______ is reduced following aerobic exercise
Anxiety,stress,depression
________ anxiety is a temporary feeling of anxiety. When the threatening object or situation goes away, the person no longer experiences anxiety
State Anxiety
_______ anxiety is more of a personality characteristic rather than a temporary feeling.
Trait Anxiety
What are the Acute effects of exercise on Anxiety?
- Exercise intensity of at least 70% of maximal heart rate appears to be associated with the greatest reduction in post- exercise State anxiety
- Post- exercise reductions in state anxiety return to pre-exercise anxiety levels within 24 hours.
Someone who is transient, has feelings of apprehension, or has heightened autonomic nervous system activity has ______ anxiety.
State anxiety
The _____________ hypothesis states that we are genetically predisposed to be physically active.
Anthropological
The _______ hypothesis:
Endorphins act to reduce pain and contribute to feelings of euphoria.
-increase in endorphins may reduce depression
-Exercise increases endorphin levels
Endorphin Hypothesis
This mechanism is associated with runners high
Endorphin Hypothesis
This mechanism states that exercise is a stimulus that increases level of neurotransmitters.
Monoamine Hypothesis
____________ facilitate neural impulses across synapses.
Neurotransmitters
This mechanism states that the psychological effects of exercise are derived from feelings of accomplishment upon completion
Mastery Hypothesis
_______ gives a sense of greater self-worth and personal control over the environment.
Mastery
This mechanism states:
- Individuals expect to feel better so they report feeling better
- Doesn’t seem likely given physiology evidence PA benefits.
Expectancy Hypothesis
Anxiety has a higher prevalence among ________ and ___-_______ ______.
Anxiety has a higher prevalence among ________ and ___-_______ ______.
(Females, Non-Hispanic Whites)
The united states spends $42+ billion per year for _______ conditions
Anxiety
What does S.A.M stand for?
Sympathetic adrenal medullary axis
what does HPA stand for?
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis
This part of the brain is in charge of decision making
Pre-frontal
this part of the brain is in charge of emotions.
Amygdala
This part of the brain is in charge of the Short-term to long term memory.
hippocampus
True or False:
Both pathways HPA and SAM connect to the immune system
True
Arousal and Alarm , Resistance and Exhaustion are the 3 stages of _______ _______ _______(_ _ _)
Arousal and alarm , resistance and exhaustion are the 3 stages of _______ _______ _______(_ _ _)
(General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
The united states spends $83+ billion per year for _______ conditions
and is the 2nd disease burden in the U.S
Depression
what stage of GAS:
- initial shock (reduced activity) is followed by over-mobilization of forces within the organism to meet the shock.
- adrenal glands become enlarged as they produce more adrenaline and discharge their stored up supply of steroids
1.Arousal and Alarm
What stage of GAS:
This occurs after a few days, adapt and returns to normal
Blood sugar and salt levels also return to normal
2.Resistance
What stage of GAS:
- The acquired adaptation to the stress is lost.
- Adrenal glands again become enlarged.
- Shorter life span because of over secretion of hormones.
Exhaustion
Is this correct? Sympathetic Adrenal Medullary (SAM) Axis: -From eustress 1st = hippocampus 2nd = amygdala 3rd = pre- frontal cortex 4th = hypothalamus Lateral hypothalamus Activates SNS by splanchnic nerve & Innervates adrenal medulla Adrenal Medulla E/NE
Yes.
30-60 minutes of_______ ______ (__-__% of max HR) or resistance training with high intensity will have better benefits for “depression”
30-60 minutes of_______ ______ (50-85% of max HR) or resistance training with high intensity will have better benefits for “depression”
*Aerobic Exercise (50-85%)
______ _______ is the best treatment for stress. There is no benefits from _________ training
______ _______ is the best treatment for stress. There is no benefits from _________ training
(Aerobic Exercise, Resistance)
when treating stress or state anxiety you want _______ intensity (__-__% of max heart rate
when treating stress or state anxiety you want _______ intensity (__-__% of max heart rate)
(moderate, 50-75%)
When treating stress,depression,or state anxiety the exercise sessions would be - times per week?
When treating stress,depression,or state anxiety the exercise sessions would be - times per week?
(3-5 times)
