test 2 Flashcards
_______ _______ refers to real or imagined pressure to change one’s behavior, attitudes, or beliefs.
social influence
This Type of support refers to the perceived comfort, caring, assistance, and infor-mation that a person receives from others. Takes into account -size of the social network -Amount/type of support received.
social support
Type of support: _______ involves providing tangible,practical assistance that will help a person achieve exercise goals.
Instrumental support
Type of support: _______ _______ occurs through the expression of encouragement, caring, empathy and concern toward a person
Emotional Support
Type of Support: _________ ______includes giving directions, advice, or suggestions about how to exercise and providing feedback regarding the exerciser’s progress
Informational Support
Type of Support: _______ reflects the availability of people with whom one can exercise, such as a friend, family member, or exercise buddy.
Companionship Support
Type of Support: _____ involves comparing oneself with other in order to gauge progress and to confirm that one’s thoughts, feelings,problems and experiences are “normal”.
Validation Support
______-______ is used to determine the extent of different individual and group social influences on exercise.
meta-analysis
what example of support: “You decide to change plans in order to exercise with a friend.”
Companionship support.
What Ex. of support: “You offer compliments on how well the client is progressing “
Emotional Support.
Changes in mood or feelings ,Biophysical changes, and developmental/age related changes depends on the exercisers _______ at _______ given ______
Needs at that Given Time
What is the best influence for kids?
Parents
What source of support: This person provides: -what exercises to do and how to do them -encouragement and praise -workout designs -distractions from stress - Helps them establish goals & inspire confidence
Exercise leader/ Instructor
The _____ ______is the reflection of who we are. Developed from early environmental actions and includes such things as our perceptions of the external world,perceptions of self,basic attitudes ,values, interests, motives ,and our self -concept;
Personality Core.
Our ________ ______ __ ________ characterize our fairly predictable behaviors and ways of reacting to our environment. For example, an outgoing person might be very engaging, introducing herself to people when sitting in a classroom prior to the beginning of a class.
Typical Responses to behavior.
____-_______ refers to how we see or define ourselves (“who I am”) and reflects self-evaluations of our abilities, personal characteristics, and other attributes. Example: you may define yourself as a loyal friend, a conscientious and hardworking student, or a fit and committed runner. _____-_____evaluations are made across discrete domains Thus, an individual can hold different _____ _____ from one domain to another.
Self-Concept refers to how we see or define ourselves (“who I am”) and reflects self-evaluations of our abilities, personal characteristics, and other attributes. Example: you may define yourself as a loyal friend, a conscientious and hardworking student, or a fit and committed runner. Self-Concept evaluations are made across discrete domains Thus, an individual can hold different Self-Concepts from one domain to another.
- For instance, you might have a positive self-concept in the academic realm (e.g., “I am a hardworking and conscientious student”) but a poor or negative self-concept in the physical realm
What approach of personally focuses on the environment
Learning/ Situational
What approach of personality focuses on the Individual?
Trial&Error (Dispositional)-
What are the 3 superordinate Trait Dimensions
(E)- Extraversion-Introversion (N)-Neuroticism-Stability (P)-Psyehoticism-Superego
What Trait Dimension is associated with activity of the limbic system, sometimes referred to as the emotional brain, and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
(N) Neuroticism-Stability
What trait Dimension is driven by the cortex of the brain and has an influential relationship on pain threshold, pain sensitivity
(E) Extraversion-Intoversion
What trait Dimension is hypothesized to be driven by hormonal function
(P)Psychoticism-Superego
what kind of exercise behavior would a person with a low (N) have?
Would be more physically active. Because they are more comfortable/focused on exercise.
what kind of exercise behavior would a person with a High (N) have?
They would exercise very little.
What type(s) of person person would have the Highest amount of exercise? -High E, -Low E -High N -Low N
Low (N) AND High (E)
_______were more likely to exercise to improve energy. -Introverts or -Extraverts
extraverts due to the low amount of base level of arousal in the reticular formation
On the 5 Factor Model: ________(_) refers to a willingness to adjust ideas and activities when presented with new ideas or situations and a tendency to be perceptive, creative, and reflactive. *No effect on Exercise.
Openness(O) to experience/intellect
On the 5 factor Model: ________(_) refers to compatibility with others (e.g., a tendency to be kind, cooperative, generous),
(A) Agreeableness
On the 5 factor Model: __________(_) refers to a tendency to be achievement oriented, goal oriented, and self-disciplined. __________ has been further defined as being determined, strong-willed, and systematic in conducting designated jobs.
(C) Conscientiousness
O.C.E.A.N is the acronym for_______
Five Factor Model: (O)openess (C)conscientiousness (E) Extraversion (A) Agreeableness (N) Neuroticism
What part(s) of the five factor Model has a positive effect on exercise -(O)openess -(C)conscientiousness -(E) Extraversion -(A) Agreeableness -(N) Neuroticism
(C)Conscientiousness (E) Extraversion
What Part of the five factor model has a negative effect on exercise
(N) because people with high (N) are anxious about behavior in general.
(E)extraversion–introversion was mediated by the _______ ______a band of neural tissue located primarily in the core of the brainstem that receives input from a variety of locations and is involved in sev-eral functions
Reticular Formation
Exercise Addiction or eating disorders are what type of addictions?
are behavioral addictions
_______-_______ reflect how we think and feel about ourselves, our attri-butes, and our abilities, and they play an important role in our psychological and physical well-being.
Self-Perceptions
people who hold _______ self-perceptions tend to be happier, are at less risk for depression and other psychological disorders and are more likely to exercise regularly
(Positive)
The Type ___ behavior pattern is an action-emotion complex that can be observed in any person who is aggressively involved in a chronic,incessant struggle to achieve more and more in le time needed to do so. against opposing efforts of other things or persons
(Type A) ■striving for achievement ■competitiveness ■ sense of time urgency ■aggressiveness ■ preoccupation with deadlines ■ impatience ■ hostility ■ a hard-driving attitude ■hyperalertness
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Less intensity ■Greater ratings of perceived exertion
Type B
This Behavior Type ____ has Lower risk of cardiovascular disease
Type B
This Behavior Type ____ has lower Adherence Rates
Type A
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Greater Physiological Activation
Type A
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Less negative affective responses
Type B
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Greater Stress Responses
Type A
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Lower Effort
Type B
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior Type has ■Less negative affective responses
Type B
Type A or B?: This Exercise Behavior type has ■Less intensity
Type B
Global self-esteem is also known as _____
General Self-Concept
_____-_____ refers to how we see or define ourselves
Self-Concept
______(r)is the Non-Squared
Correlation
_______(r) is the square of r
Correlation coefficient
_____-______ is the most important type of social influence in exercise and other physical activity settings
Social Support
_____ _____ will improve physical competence/ Self concept
Self Efficacy
Body image will improve with ______
Increase in frequency of exercise.
How long will you see benefits?
12 weeks
What causes the response in body image?
Cardiovascular exercise and weight training
_____ improves self- Concept
Exercise
Factors combined to determine the magnitude of the ____, or ______-______, of social influence on exercise behavior, intentions to exercise, exercise attitudes and satisfaction, and self-efficacy.
Effect ,Effect Size
if a person has a BMI lower than (18.5) that person has _____ disorder.
Anorexia
When a person eats more than needed and then forces vomit
Bulimia Nervosa
When a person thinks they are not not big enough
Body dysmorphic disorder(BDD)
What is normal correlation?
0.3-0.4
____-______ (synonymous with self-worth) is the most global form of self-perception, global in the sense that it influences and is influenced by all aspects of an individual’s life. It is an emotionally laden form of self-eval-uation that reflects how a person feels about himself or herself, capturing one’s sense of self-worth or value as a person
Self-Esteem
Know this
Not sure what this is on the test but was mintioned to know for the test*
Spotting a weightlifter at the gym would be what type of Social support?
- Instrumental support
- emotional support
- informational support
- companionship support
- validation support
Instramental Support
Health practitioners, Fitness Trainers provide what type of support
- Instrumental support
- emotional support
- informational support
- companionship support
- validation support
Informational Support
Praising an exerciser for her efforts, encouraging her to work harder,and sympathizing with her when she complains about about aching muscles are all examples of ______
- Instrumental support
- emotional support
- informational support
- companionship support
- validation support
Emotional Support
- Instrumental support
- emotional support
- informational support
- companionship support
- validation support
Emotional Support
