Test 3 Flashcards
Father of History
Herodotus
best historian of ancient Greece
Terocydides
First early leaders, every father treat his their son trade.
Solon
ostracism (sending people out of country), father of Athen democracy
Cleisthenes
greatest leaders in Greece, democracy reached perfection under him.
Pericles
Father of mechanics (levers and wheels)
Archimedes
King of Macedonia, takes Greece in battle of Chaesonea
Phillip II
Mother of Alexander the Great
Olympias
math, pathagoream method
Pythagoras
Alexander the Greats wife
Roxanne
Wrote Iliad and Odyssey, stresses Arete (brave, honest)
Homer
Greek Dark Ages, greatest thing that came out of this was the Iliad and Odyssey and no idle riches
Dorians
Xerxes (son) takes over later, Persian leader
Cyrus the Great
held off Sparta with hardly any army
Leonicles I
Wrote Greek tragedies and comedies
Sophocles
main god of every city state
Zeus
goddess of wisdom
Athena
goddess of love
Aphrodite
god of the sea
Poseidon
the sea was their defense, women were great there, art was happy, they were eventually over ran by Mycenaean. Geography was on the Aegean Sea.
Minoans
pyramids built by Mycenaeans
tholos
writing system of the Mycenaeans and the Minoans
Linear B
will be over ran by the Dorians; they were very warlike; they used mosaics; they were geographically on the mainland
Mycenaeans
city state; same tradition
Polis
the hill Athens was on.
Acropolis
tower in Athens
Citadel
wealthy; aristocrats grew ???? and made wine
Olive and vine culture
pure Greek activities
Panhellenic
Greek recreation
agora
Greek military (Athens); a lot of weapons; 8 deep
Hopelite
formation of the greek army
Phalanx
games played by the pure greeks only; happened every 4 years; honor Zeus; consisted of foot race, wrestling and then later boxing, javelin throwing; always between individuals, not groups; winners were heroes and rewarded with parades, money, and free rent for life; dangerous (some non accidental deaths); competed in nude; always men.
Olympiad/Olympics
women athletes
Pugilist
mens drinking parties; no women went; helitgirs??? called besides people who went there
symposium
Area around Athens
Atica
most important part of the government in Athens
Areopagus
What killed Socrates?
He drank Hemlock
What did the Athens call their navy?
fleet
payed teachers in Greece; Socrates didn’t like them
Sophists
What were the jobs of Athen women?
1) to keep the household in order
2) cook
3) teach kids
where the gods and goddesses where said to live
Mt. Olympus
main temple
parthenon
symbol of honor and intelligence to the Athen people
owl
lying in court
perjury
Greece before it was refined; during the 5th century (most important century.
Archaic Greece
What was the most important century?
5th century
What were the 3 groups of Athenians?
1) Citizen
2) Metic
3) Slave
What were some characteristics of Athens?
wisdom; simplicity; patriotism; friendship; honesty
What were the 3 philosophies?
1) Cynicism- Diogenes
2) Epicenism- Epicures
3) Stoicism- Zeno
What 2 things was Socrates accused of?
1) corrupting minds of male youth
2) disrespecting the gods
He wanted his students to think and listen
Socrates
wealthy; wrote Republic; thought women could do anything; left Athens and came back and founded Academy.
Plato
greatest philosopher
Aristotle
Who did Socrates teach?
Plato
Who did Plato teach?
Aristotle
Who did Aristotle teach?
Alexander the Great
What was the religious theme of dramas in Athens?
honored Zeus
Geographically located on the Eurotas River, agricultural, settled by Dorians; very warlike and aggressive
Sparta
What was the role of women in Sparta?
to have children (boys preferably) and to teach those kids to honor Sparta by going to war; women in Sparta felt honored if there child died in battle; after they raised there children they could work in the marketplace
The Peloponnesian War was between who?
Athens and Sparta
What were names of the 3 battles in Athens War against Persians?
- Marathon
- Salamis
- Platacea
What were the 3 groups of people in Sparta?
- Spartiate (upper; ruling; citizen)
- Pereouci
- Helots (slaves)
What was 8 of Sparta’s values?
- thrifty
- endurance
- tough
- shun luxuries
- cunning characteristics
- not interested in education
- stagnant
- military
What were some of the Greek legacies?
history, philosophy, democracy, medicine, olympics, drama, theater, architecture, sculpture, literature
What was the 2 main accomplishments of the Greek Dark Ages?
- Iliad and Odyssey
2. no idle riches
What 3 things did Pericles ask married women in Athens to do?
- Have as many kids as possible
- teach kids to be loyal
- no gossiping
What 3 reasons did Athens fail and was conquered by Phillip II of Macedonia?
- never united
- jealousy
- diversely different
______ was the main city in Greece.
Corinth (Paul went here in Corinthians)
What were 4 of Homer’s values?
- bravery
- honesty
- gentleman
- Arete
What were the 3 most important literatures?
- Aesop’s Fables
- Mythology
- Iliad and Odyssey
What were the 2 worst things that Greece gave?
- humanism
2. gloated over human body
What was the economic system in Sparta?
State-owned and agricultural
What 3 ways did Sparta control their population?
- Infanticide
- Starvation
- Open Season
Also called the Age of Pericles and the Classical Age; was in the fifth century
Golden Age
What were the names of Alexander the Great’s 2 wives?
Siteria and Roxanne
What 2 things did Alexander keep under his pillow?
- copy of Iliad and Odyssey
2. a dagger
Why did the Minoans have no military?
the sea was their protection
What two main types of drama did Greece give?
- Comedies
2. Tragedies
What was the art of in Sparta?
war and war scenes
Greek _______ seized power. (bad leaders)
tyrants
_______ was a community in Greece. People had a common ancestry/life style.
Greek Polis
What was the greatest honor that a Spartan soldier could have was what?
dying in battle
Spartan soldiers drank the famous _______ this made them aggressive they said.
Spartan Broth
What type of government did Sparta have?
oligarchy (state control; king; council; assembly; threads of fascism; gustapo)
means highest virtue
Arete
What were Homeric values?
manliness; courage; honor; brave
pure Greek; time before it was mixed with other cultures; time Greek was at its best in the arts; period of simplicity, freedom, and democracy; people were not obsessed with wealth; period of idealism.
Hellenic
How did Greece become Hellenistic?
Alexander’s dream was to fuse greek cultures with the world
means mixed; age of Alexander; now it becomes more science, political, and size; became more extravagant and experimental; The Golden Age was replaced by competition, bigness, growth, travel; Sculpture and art became more realistic; period of intermingling of culture and people; slavery increased.
hellenistic
When did Alexander think that Greek culture was at its best?
after they fused
intricately connected to every aspect of daily life; citizens had to have proper attitude toward the gods; temples dedicated to the gods and goddesses were the major building of greek society; Homer gave an account of gods that provided a definite structure to greek religion; Most greeks believed that 12 chief gods lived on Mt. Olympus; festivals also developed as a way to honor the gods and goddesses; the Panhellenic celebrations were important to all greeks and were held at a special location such as those dedicated to the worship of Zeus at Olympia; Olympics were held to honor Zeus.
Greek Religion
Father of Medicine
Apocretes
what were the first 3 areas of science?
- Astronomy
- Mechanics
- Medicine
