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History 101 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Father of History

A

Herodotus

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2
Q

best historian of ancient Greece

A

Terocydides

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3
Q

First early leaders, every father treat his their son trade.

A

Solon

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4
Q

ostracism (sending people out of country), father of Athen democracy

A

Cleisthenes

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5
Q

greatest leaders in Greece, democracy reached perfection under him.

A

Pericles

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6
Q

Father of mechanics (levers and wheels)

A

Archimedes

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7
Q

King of Macedonia, takes Greece in battle of Chaesonea

A

Phillip II

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8
Q

Mother of Alexander the Great

A

Olympias

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9
Q

math, pathagoream method

A

Pythagoras

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10
Q

Alexander the Greats wife

A

Roxanne

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11
Q

Wrote Iliad and Odyssey, stresses Arete (brave, honest)

A

Homer

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12
Q

Greek Dark Ages, greatest thing that came out of this was the Iliad and Odyssey and no idle riches

A

Dorians

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13
Q

Xerxes (son) takes over later, Persian leader

A

Cyrus the Great

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14
Q

held off Sparta with hardly any army

A

Leonicles I

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15
Q

Wrote Greek tragedies and comedies

A

Sophocles

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16
Q

main god of every city state

A

Zeus

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17
Q

goddess of wisdom

A

Athena

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18
Q

goddess of love

A

Aphrodite

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19
Q

god of the sea

A

Poseidon

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20
Q

the sea was their defense, women were great there, art was happy, they were eventually over ran by Mycenaean. Geography was on the Aegean Sea.

A

Minoans

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21
Q

pyramids built by Mycenaeans

A

tholos

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22
Q

writing system of the Mycenaeans and the Minoans

A

Linear B

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23
Q

will be over ran by the Dorians; they were very warlike; they used mosaics; they were geographically on the mainland

A

Mycenaeans

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24
Q

city state; same tradition

A

Polis

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25
Q

the hill Athens was on.

A

Acropolis

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26
Q

tower in Athens

A

Citadel

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27
Q

wealthy; aristocrats grew ???? and made wine

A

Olive and vine culture

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28
Q

pure Greek activities

A

Panhellenic

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29
Q

Greek recreation

A

agora

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30
Q

Greek military (Athens); a lot of weapons; 8 deep

A

Hopelite

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31
Q

formation of the greek army

A

Phalanx

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32
Q

games played by the pure greeks only; happened every 4 years; honor Zeus; consisted of foot race, wrestling and then later boxing, javelin throwing; always between individuals, not groups; winners were heroes and rewarded with parades, money, and free rent for life; dangerous (some non accidental deaths); competed in nude; always men.

A

Olympiad/Olympics

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33
Q

women athletes

A

Pugilist

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34
Q

mens drinking parties; no women went; helitgirs??? called besides people who went there

A

symposium

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35
Q

Area around Athens

A

Atica

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36
Q

most important part of the government in Athens

A

Areopagus

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37
Q

What killed Socrates?

A

He drank Hemlock

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38
Q

What did the Athens call their navy?

A

fleet

39
Q

payed teachers in Greece; Socrates didn’t like them

A

Sophists

40
Q

What were the jobs of Athen women?

A

1) to keep the household in order
2) cook
3) teach kids

41
Q

where the gods and goddesses where said to live

A

Mt. Olympus

42
Q

main temple

A

parthenon

43
Q

symbol of honor and intelligence to the Athen people

A

owl

44
Q

lying in court

A

perjury

45
Q

Greece before it was refined; during the 5th century (most important century.

A

Archaic Greece

46
Q

What was the most important century?

A

5th century

47
Q

What were the 3 groups of Athenians?

A

1) Citizen
2) Metic
3) Slave

48
Q

What were some characteristics of Athens?

A

wisdom; simplicity; patriotism; friendship; honesty

49
Q

What were the 3 philosophies?

A

1) Cynicism- Diogenes
2) Epicenism- Epicures
3) Stoicism- Zeno

50
Q

What 2 things was Socrates accused of?

A

1) corrupting minds of male youth

2) disrespecting the gods

51
Q

He wanted his students to think and listen

A

Socrates

52
Q

wealthy; wrote Republic; thought women could do anything; left Athens and came back and founded Academy.

A

Plato

53
Q

greatest philosopher

A

Aristotle

54
Q

Who did Socrates teach?

A

Plato

55
Q

Who did Plato teach?

A

Aristotle

56
Q

Who did Aristotle teach?

A

Alexander the Great

57
Q

What was the religious theme of dramas in Athens?

A

honored Zeus

58
Q

Geographically located on the Eurotas River, agricultural, settled by Dorians; very warlike and aggressive

A

Sparta

59
Q

What was the role of women in Sparta?

A

to have children (boys preferably) and to teach those kids to honor Sparta by going to war; women in Sparta felt honored if there child died in battle; after they raised there children they could work in the marketplace

60
Q

The Peloponnesian War was between who?

A

Athens and Sparta

61
Q

What were names of the 3 battles in Athens War against Persians?

A
  1. Marathon
  2. Salamis
  3. Platacea
62
Q

What were the 3 groups of people in Sparta?

A
  1. Spartiate (upper; ruling; citizen)
  2. Pereouci
  3. Helots (slaves)
63
Q

What was 8 of Sparta’s values?

A
  1. thrifty
  2. endurance
  3. tough
  4. shun luxuries
  5. cunning characteristics
  6. not interested in education
  7. stagnant
  8. military
64
Q

What were some of the Greek legacies?

A

history, philosophy, democracy, medicine, olympics, drama, theater, architecture, sculpture, literature

65
Q

What was the 2 main accomplishments of the Greek Dark Ages?

A
  1. Iliad and Odyssey

2. no idle riches

66
Q

What 3 things did Pericles ask married women in Athens to do?

A
  1. Have as many kids as possible
  2. teach kids to be loyal
  3. no gossiping
67
Q

What 3 reasons did Athens fail and was conquered by Phillip II of Macedonia?

A
  1. never united
  2. jealousy
  3. diversely different
68
Q

______ was the main city in Greece.

A

Corinth (Paul went here in Corinthians)

69
Q

What were 4 of Homer’s values?

A
  1. bravery
  2. honesty
  3. gentleman
  4. Arete
70
Q

What were the 3 most important literatures?

A
  1. Aesop’s Fables
  2. Mythology
  3. Iliad and Odyssey
71
Q

What were the 2 worst things that Greece gave?

A
  1. humanism

2. gloated over human body

72
Q

What was the economic system in Sparta?

A

State-owned and agricultural

73
Q

What 3 ways did Sparta control their population?

A
  1. Infanticide
  2. Starvation
  3. Open Season
74
Q

Also called the Age of Pericles and the Classical Age; was in the fifth century

A

Golden Age

75
Q

What were the names of Alexander the Great’s 2 wives?

A

Siteria and Roxanne

76
Q

What 2 things did Alexander keep under his pillow?

A
  1. copy of Iliad and Odyssey

2. a dagger

77
Q

Why did the Minoans have no military?

A

the sea was their protection

78
Q

What two main types of drama did Greece give?

A
  1. Comedies

2. Tragedies

79
Q

What was the art of in Sparta?

A

war and war scenes

80
Q

Greek _______ seized power. (bad leaders)

A

tyrants

81
Q

_______ was a community in Greece. People had a common ancestry/life style.

A

Greek Polis

82
Q

What was the greatest honor that a Spartan soldier could have was what?

A

dying in battle

83
Q

Spartan soldiers drank the famous _______ this made them aggressive they said.

A

Spartan Broth

84
Q

What type of government did Sparta have?

A

oligarchy (state control; king; council; assembly; threads of fascism; gustapo)

85
Q

means highest virtue

A

Arete

86
Q

What were Homeric values?

A

manliness; courage; honor; brave

87
Q

pure Greek; time before it was mixed with other cultures; time Greek was at its best in the arts; period of simplicity, freedom, and democracy; people were not obsessed with wealth; period of idealism.

A

Hellenic

88
Q

How did Greece become Hellenistic?

A

Alexander’s dream was to fuse greek cultures with the world

89
Q

means mixed; age of Alexander; now it becomes more science, political, and size; became more extravagant and experimental; The Golden Age was replaced by competition, bigness, growth, travel; Sculpture and art became more realistic; period of intermingling of culture and people; slavery increased.

A

hellenistic

90
Q

When did Alexander think that Greek culture was at its best?

A

after they fused

91
Q

intricately connected to every aspect of daily life; citizens had to have proper attitude toward the gods; temples dedicated to the gods and goddesses were the major building of greek society; Homer gave an account of gods that provided a definite structure to greek religion; Most greeks believed that 12 chief gods lived on Mt. Olympus; festivals also developed as a way to honor the gods and goddesses; the Panhellenic celebrations were important to all greeks and were held at a special location such as those dedicated to the worship of Zeus at Olympia; Olympics were held to honor Zeus.

A

Greek Religion

92
Q

Father of Medicine

A

Apocretes

93
Q

what were the first 3 areas of science?

A
  1. Astronomy
  2. Mechanics
  3. Medicine

History 101 (5 decks)

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