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Test 3 Flashcards

0
Q

DAEC

A

Diffusely Adherent E. coli

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1
Q

ETEC

A

Enterotoxigenic E. coli

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2
Q

EAEC

A

Enteroaggregative E. coli

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3
Q

EHEC

A

Enterohemmorhagic E. coli

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4
Q

EIEC

A

Enteroinvasive E. coli

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5
Q

EPEC

A

Enteropathogenic E. coli

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6
Q

Enterobacteriaceae…
Pathogens with animals as reservoirs?
Name the pathogen and animal.

A

Yersinia - rodents

Salmonella - chickens

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7
Q

Enterobacteriaceae…

Pathogens with humans as carriers?

A

Shigella, Salmonella typhi

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8
Q

Enterobacteriaceae…

Opportunistic pathogens

A

Escherichia
Klebsiella
Proteus

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9
Q

Enterobacteriaceae…

Pathogens spread endogenously?

A

E. coli - can infect all body sites

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10
Q

Enterobacteriaceae…

True pathogens?

A

Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia

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11
Q

Uses LT-1 and STa exotoxins to bind to small intestine & cause secretory diarrhea. (a mild cholera).

A

ETEC (Enterotoxigenic)

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12
Q

Embeds in cell membrane & stimulates elongation of microvilli.

A

DAEC (Diffusely Adherent)

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13
Q

Persistent watery diarrhea/dehydration.
Bundle forming fimbriae form stacked brick pattern.
Turns into biofilm over small intestine.
Shortens microvilli.

A

EAEC (Enteroaggregative)

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14
Q

Multiply intracellularly.
Cause colonic ulcers (large intestine)
Dysenteric form causes fever, cramps, bloody diarrhea (from ulcers)

A

EIEC (Enteroinvasive)

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15
Q

Causes Hemolytic uremic syndrome of the kidney
Stx-1 = large intestine where microvilli are destroyed causing hemmorhagic colitis.
Stx-2 = destroys glomerular epithelial cells causing acute renal failure.

A

EHEC (Enterohemmorhagic)

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16
Q

Attach to small intestine epithelium by bundle forming pili.

Secrete protein into cell through type III secretory system & destroy the microvilli.

A

EPEC (Enteropathogenic)

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17
Q

Where is ETEC most common?

A

Developing Countries

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18
Q

What population does ETEC affect?

A

Young children or travelers

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19
Q

Where is EPEC most common?

A

Major cause of infantile diarrhea in impoverished countries.

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20
Q

What population does DAEC affect?

A

Infants (1-5 years)

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21
Q

What population does EAEC affect?

A

Infants

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22
Q

What population does EPEC affect?

A

Infants

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23
Q

Name the 6 E. coli that cause gastroenteritis.

A 
ETEC - Enterotoxigenic
DAEC - Diffusely Adherent
EAEC - Enteroaggregative
EHEC - Enterohemmorhagic
EIEC - Enteroinvasive
EPEC - Enteropathogenic
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24
Narrow, cidal, cell wall inhibitor, Inhibits transpeptidation by binding to polysaccharide.
Listeria monocytogenes Corynebacterium diptheriae Eryspielothrix
25
Broad, cidal, cell wall inhibitor, Inhibits transpeptidation by binding to polysaccharide chains.
Listeria monocytogenes Corynebacterium diptheriae Eryspielothrix
26
Broad, static, protein synthesis inhibitor, binds to 50s ribosome and inhibits transpeptidation.
Aeromonas
27
Broad, static, protein synthesis inhibitor, binds to 50s ribosome and inhibits translocation.
corynebacterium diptheriae
28
Compare and contrast Erysipelas and Erysipeloid
Both are cutaneous infections, both cause reddening of skin. Erysipelas - caused by Group A strep, Pus forming, Legs & Lower extremities. Erysipeloid - caused by Eryspielothrix, NOT pus forming, found on hands.
29
Compare and contrast Aeromonas gastroenteritis vs. Plesiomonas Gastroenteritis.
Both - resistance and susceptibility are important Aeromonas - NO blood/WBCs in stool, possibly caused by enterotoxin Plesiomonas - blood/WBCs found in stool, invasiveness caused, self limiting. (not sure about self limiting and if it's different in the other)
30
Describe the relationship between Proteus mirabilis and bladder/renal stones.
It produces UREASE which... splits urea to CO2 and AMMONIA which... increases urine pH which... facilitates renal/bladder stone formation
31
Which pathogens are associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome?
Campylobacter jejuni | Campylobacter upsaliensis
32
What is the difference between Sylvatic and Urban plague
Sylvatic - wildlife are reservoirs = impossible to eradicate. Urban - Rats are reservoirs, mostly eliminated.
34
Which bacteria is associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome of the kidney?
EHEC
35
Which bacteria have bundle forming fimbriae that form in a stacked brick pattern?
EAEC
36
Which bacteria forms a biofilm over the small intestine and shortens microvilli?
EAEC
37
Which bacteria embed in cell membrane and stimulate elongation of microvilli?
DAEC
38
Which bacteria attach to SI epithelium by bundle forming pili and secrete protein into cell via Type III SS to destroys microvilli?
EPEC
39
Which bacteria uses LT-1 and STa exotoxins to bind to the SI, and causes secretory diarrhea (similar to cholera).
ETEC
40
Which E. coli multiplies intracellularly, causes colonic ulcers and exhibits a dysenteric form that can cause fevers, cramps, and bloody diarrhea?
EIEC
41
Which bacteria and function? Stx-1 Stx-2
EHEC - (These are found only in lysogenic strains) Stx-1 = Large intestine, destroy microvilli, hemmorhagic colitis Stx-2 = Kidney, destroy tissue, acute renal failure
42
CFA/I - CFA/III
Colonization Factor antigens
43
AAF/I - AAF/III
Aggregative adherence fimbriae
44
Bfp
Bundle forming pili
45
Ipa
Invasion plasmid antigen
46
Blood antigens of E. coli
P pili, and Dr fimbriae
47
What is the major cause of infantile diarrhea in impoverished countries?
EPEC
48
Causes persistent watery diarrhea.
EAEC
49
Which bacteria invade via membrane ruffling?
Salmonella and Shigella
50
Which bacteria lyse the phagosome and replicate in the cytoplasm?
Shigella
51
Which bacteria replicate within the phagosome?
Salmonella
52
Name the factors leading to blood transfusion-related bacteremia of Y. pestis.
``` Can grow @ 4 C Blood rich in nutrients Blood stored more than 3 weeks Grow to toxic levels No reliable detection method ```
53
Describe ctxA and ctxB
Cholera toxin A and B | ctxB binds to lysosome and ctxA is internalized
54
Oysters and contaminated sea water.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
55
Wound infections after exposure to contaminated seawater
V. vulnificus
56
Green tint to infection, bacteria and substance
Pseudomonas | Pyocyanin - exotoxin, produces ROIs
57
100% of cystic fibrosis patients are colonized with this bacteria.
Pseudomonas
58
Treat with silver + sulfa drugs
Pseudomonas in burns
59
Describe H. pylori Colonization, Invasion, and Tissue Damage.
Blocks acid production through bacterial acid inhibitory protein. Neutralizes acid w/ ammonia from urease activity. Adheres. Damages tissue by mucinase, phospholipase, and vacuolating cytotoxin.
60
What evidence shows that H. pylori causes Type B. Gastroenteritis?
100% association between Gastritis and H. pylori. Can experimentally produce infection. Treatments against organism causes decrease in damage.
61
Name two bacteria that were only mentioned that cause pseudomembranes.
Clostridium diptheriae | Clostridium dificile
62
Name the bacteria we talked about in class that can cause a pseudomembrane and describe the mechanism.
Corynebacterium diptheriae Multiplies on pharynx then multiplies into a pseudomembrane mede out of bacteria, fibrin, immune cells, and dead cells. Can infect skin through break, which then multiplies and causes a papule to form and a pseudomembrane over it.
63
Name some zoonotic diseases and their pathogens.
Bubonic/Pnemonic Plague - Yersinia pestis Entercolitis & bacteremia - Yersinia enterocolitica Gastroenteritis - C. coli, C. jejuni, C. upsaliensis
64
Name 3 Intracellular pathogens that move from cell to cell without ever leaving the cell. Why do they do this?
Listeria monocytogenes EIEC Shigella (To evade host cell defenses)
65
How do pathogens go from one host cell directly into another.
Via filopods
66
Name 5 things caused by lipid A of the LPS
``` (FSHIT) Fever Shock Hypoglycemia Iron (low) Thrombosis (DIC - disseminated IV clotting) ```

Medical Microbiology (2 decks)

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