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DMS 104 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Cultures consist of:

3 things

A

Values and beliefs
Traditions
Behavioral norms

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2
Q

human diversity AKA

A

cultural diversity

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3
Q

Deals with the variety of human societies and cultures and examines their similarities and differences

A

human diversity/ cultural diversity

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4
Q

Human Diversity Characteristics

-Age
-Ethnicity or national origin
-Race
-Gender or sexual orientation
-Mental and physical ability
-Work style or ethic
-Geographic location
-Lifestyle
-Physical features
-Economic conditions
-Political beliefs
-Religious beliefs
-First language
-Disability
-Education

A

just read through each time. I feel like it will have a question pertaining to it

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5
Q

These are often closely tied to an individual’s nationality, race, language, religion, and other factors such as age, educational background, sexual preference, and disabilities.

A

cultural differences

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6
Q

***Language is one of the most important aspects of communication with regards to cultural diversity.

-Get an interpreter if patient is semi fluent or does not speak your language.

-Do not use family member

A

just a reminder

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7
Q

………………..means that people now cross borders into other countries to work, go to school, receive medical care, visit, and live

A

globalization

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8
Q

Personal ………….., even without conscious thought, play a major role in how individuals perceive others.

A

biases

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9
Q

……….. biases can develop because of language barriers, physical appearances, or differing religious beliefs.

A

cultural

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10
Q

May be based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or appearance

A

prejudice

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11
Q

How is American cultures different when it comes to timing of being seen by doctors etc.?

A

American cultural bias of “first come, first served”

other cultures in which the oldest or the sickest patients are seen first, or in which the highest-ranking patients or female patients receive preferential treatment.

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12
Q

…………………… is described as the process by which persons of a diverse (different) culture, over time, give up their original cultural language and identify with, and try to merge into, another culture (usually the majority).
Requires the person to give up some of their values, accomplishments, beliefs, and so on, in order to “blend in” with the mainstream

A

Assimilation

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13
Q

……………. is the ability of individuals to be able to negotiate competently two or more cultures: the mainstream culture and the individual’s own culture.
A comfortable balance for the individual, between cultures

A

Biculturalism

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14
Q

Religious beliefs dictate behavior related to diet, choice of diagnostic procedures, and treatments.

Patients may object to the gender of the sonographer performing an examination of the heart or reproductive organs.

A

just read lol

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15
Q

Americans divide distance into four zones:

A

intimate,
personal,
social,
public.

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16
Q

Sonography procedures take place within ……………………….

which zones?

A

personal and intimate zones.

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17
Q

The branch of medicine that deals with the physiologic and psychological changes of the elderly and diagnoses and treats their diseases is called ………….

A

geriatrics

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18
Q

Patient autonomy is highly valued

Advanced Directives
Living Will
Medical Power of Attorney
Organ Donation
DNR

A
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19
Q

Terms

-Patients is not told of their condition.
-Many patients deduce that they are terminally ill but lack assistance in working through the various stages.

A

Closed Awareness-

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20
Q

Term

Created when patients watch for clues to their condition but attempt to keep the health care team from knowing exactly how much they understand.

A

Suspicious awareness-

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21
Q

Term

Is a state that exitsts when the patient, staff, and family all know but are pretending not to know in hopes of avoiding interpersonal conflicts.

A

mutual pretense

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22
Q

Term

Is usually considered desirable because it permits everyone to work through the various stages that precede dying.

A

Open awareness-

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23
Q

Five Stages of Grieving Process

A

Denial and isolation
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

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24
Q

Stage of grieving process

Person refuses to accept the truth and may refuse to discuss the possibility of loss or death.

A

Denial

Support with silence and acceptance of the person

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25
Q

Stage of grieving process

Patient experiences the frustration of helplessness. Rage is often vented toward family, friends and healthcare workers.

A

anger

Avoid long waits without attention.

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26
Q

Stage of grieving process

Person may attempt to earn forgiveness by being “very good”.

A

bargaining

Support the person’s belief of hope.

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27
Q

Stage of grieving process

Person is typically quiet, withdrawn and may easily cry.

A

depression

Allow person to express his/her feelings.

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28
Q

Stage of grieving process

Person is usually comfortable talking about his/her situation. Able to deal with day to day issues.

A

acceptance

Be open and honest with them. Listen to them.

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29
Q

Which one of the following does not relate to a person’s ethnicity?

race
dress
religion
language

A

dress

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30
Q

According to Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, the customary stages of the dying or grieving process in the typical sequence are:

A) denial and isolation, anger, depression, bargaining, acceptance
B) denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
C) acceptance, denial, depression, anger, bargaining
D) anger, denial, bargaining, depression, acceptance

A

B) denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

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31
Q

When completing an ultrasound on a very young child or a mentally impaired patient:

A) work silently in order to avoid questions and alarming the patient
B) speak loudly and take charge of the examination from the beginning
C) ask the patient if he or she has ever had this type of procedure before
D) try and get a family member to be a part of the examination for communication and reassurance

A

D) try and get a family member to be a part of the examination for communication and reassurance

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32
Q

Human diversity consists of characteristics associated with:

A) age
B) ethnicity
C) gender
D) lifestyle
E) all of the above

A

E) all of the above

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33
Q

The dying patient who wants to stay alive long enough to see his son graduate from college would be in what stage of the dying process?

A) depression
B) anger
C) bargaining
D) denial

A

C) bargaining

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34
Q

Approximately what percentage of the world’s population has some type of disability?

A) 15
B) 20
C) 10
D) 5

A
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35
Q

Government statutes to protect people from discrimination are based on

A) ethnicity or race
B) disability
C) all of the above
D) age

A

C) all of the above

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36
Q

Sexual orientation regards an individual’s designation as any of the following except

A) homosexuality
B) bisexuality
C) asexuality
D) heterosexuality

A

C) asexuality

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37
Q

Which of the following is not one of the ways that culturally different individuals have interacted with the U.S. majority culture in the past?

A) a and b
B) biculturalism
C) b and c
D) multiculturalism

A

D) multiculturalism

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38
Q

Which of the following is considered the most profound step that the United States has ever undertaken to prevent discrimination toward people with a disability?

A) The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
B) The Civil Rights Act of 1964
C) The American with Disabilities Act of 1990
D) The Human Rights Declaration of 1999

A

C) The American with Disabilities Act of 1990

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39
Q

Objective or Subjective Data

-Perceptible to senses
-Able to be measured
-Signs that can be seen, heard, felt, and so on

A

objective

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40
Q

Objective or Subjective Data

-Patient feelings
-Pain level
-Attitude
-Opinion of observer
-Subject to interpretation

A

subjective data

41
Q

questioning skills

A

-Use open-ended questions.
-Facilitate a response from the patient.
-Remain quiet to get a response.
-Use probing questions to focus in on more detail.
-Repeat patient response to clarify and confirm.
-Summarize to verify accuracy.

42
Q

THE SACRED SEVEN OF MEDICAL HISTORIES

A

-Localization
-Chronology
-Quality
-Severity
-Onset
-Aggravating or Alleviating Factors
-Associated Manifestations

43
Q

A general term that refers to your oral and written instructions about your future medical care, in the event you become unable to speak for yourself.

A

advance directives

44
Q

A ………….. is a type of advance directive in which you state your wishes about medical treatment should you be unable to communicate at the end of life.

A

living will

45
Q

A ………………… is a document that lets you appoint someone you trust to make decisions about your medical care if you cannot make those decisions yourself.

A

health care power of attorney

46
Q

A ……………. is a request not to have cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if your heart stops or if you stop breathing.

A

DNR do not resuscitate

47
Q

The ………………… serves as the most important witness in a medical malpractice or negligence case.

A

medical record

48
Q

how to document error in medical record?

A

draw a single line through the error
write “error” above the mistake and initial or sign in that same area

49
Q

Medical Abbreviations

ALARA

A

as low as reasonably achievable

50
Q

Medical Abbreviations

ADPKD

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

51
Q

Medical Abbreviations

DM

A

Diabetes mellitus

52
Q

Medical Abbreviations

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

53
Q

Medical Abbreviations

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

54
Q

Medical Abbreviations

Bx

A

biopsy

55
Q

Medical Abbreviations

c/o

A

complains of

56
Q

Medical Abbreviations

D&C

A

dilation and curettage

57
Q

Medical Abbreviations

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

58
Q

Medical Abbreviations

GB

A

gallbladder

59
Q

Medical Abbreviations

ETOH

A

ethanol (alcohol)

60
Q

Medical Abbreviations

FNA

A

fine needle aspiration

61
Q

Medical Abbreviations

Cx

A

cervix

62
Q

Medical Abbreviations

ALK PHOS

A

alkaline phosphatase

63
Q

Medical Abbreviations

AAA

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

64
Q

Medical Abbreviations

F/U

A

follow up

65
Q

Medical Abbreviations

MPV

A

main portal vein

66
Q

Medical Abbreviations

Hx

A

history

67
Q

Medical Abbreviations

IV

A

intravenous

68
Q

Medical Abbreviations

UTI

A

Urinary tract infection

69
Q

Medical Abbreviations

GU

A

genitourinary

70
Q

Medical Abbreviations

postop

A

after surgery

71
Q

Medical Abbreviations

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

72
Q

Medical Abbreviations

UPJ

A

ureteropelvic junction

73
Q

Medical Abbreviations

UVJ

A

ureterovesical junction

74
Q

Medical Abbreviations

RAS

A

renal artery stenosis

75
Q

Medical Abbreviations

LFT

A

liver function tests

76
Q

Medical Abbreviations

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

77
Q

Medical Abbreviations

Tx

A

transplant, transducer, and treatment

78
Q

T/F

Doctors should be honest out the limitations of their skills and expertise and about what is an is not possible in medicine today.

A

True

79
Q

What document published by the American Hospital Association has replaced the Patient’s Bill of Rights?

A

The Patient Care Partnership

80
Q

Which term describes gentle touching to determine the precise location of a symptom or complaint?

A

palpation

81
Q

Which of the following is (are) desirable method(s) of conducting a clinical history interview?

A) positive nonverbal communication
B) defining and specifying terms
C) subjectiveness
D) a and b

A

D) a and b

82
Q

Which of the following is (are) part of the sacred seven elements of the patient clinical history?

A) localization
B) aggravating factors
C) quality
D) all of the above

A

D) all of the above

83
Q

Which of the following describes an undesirable method of questioning that provides information that may direct the answer towards suspected symptom or complaint?

A) facilitation
B) palpation
C) nonverbal communication
D) leading question

A

D) leading question

84
Q

What term describes the primary medical problem as defined by the patient?

A

chief complaint

85
Q

Which of the following includes the tone of voice, the speed of speech, and the position of the speaker’s extremities and torso?

A) nonverbal communication
B) palpation
C) quality
D) facilitation

A

A) nonverbal communication

86
Q

Which of the following is (are) usually included as part of the chronology of a clinical history?

A) onset
B) duration
C) frequency
D) all of the above

A

D) all of the above

87
Q

Which of the following is the determination of a precise area, usually through gentle palpation or careful wording of questions?

A) localization
B) chronology
C) quality
D) occurence

A

A) localization

88
Q

Which of the following includes a description of the color, quantity, and consistency of blood or other body substances?

A) localization
B) chronology
C) quality
D) occurence

A

C) quality

89
Q

Which of the following is undesirable

A) Clarifying terminology
B) Asking open-ended questions
C) Asking vague questions
D) Repeating information for conducting a clinical history interview?

A

C) Asking vague questions

90
Q

Many patients have a low health literacy due to low literacy skills in general

-20% of Americans read at or below 5th grade level
-Average American reads at 8-9th grade level
-Medical materials are written above the 10th grade level

A

only thing in powerpoint on health literacy

91
Q

Infant age group

A

birth to 1 years old

-hold and comfort
-parent help hold/comfort

92
Q

toddler age group

A

1-3 years old

-temper tantrums
-let hold a security item
-show and let them hold each thing using kid descriptors

93
Q

preschoolers age group

A

3-5 years old

let them hold the transducer and feel the gel before you apply to their skin. This will help eliminate some of their fear.

94
Q

school-aged children

A

5-10 years old

95
Q

Adolescents

A

10-25 years old

96
Q

Young adults

A

25-45 years old

97
Q

Middle-aged adults

A

45-65 years old

98
Q

Mature adults

A

65 years old and older

99
Q

Maslow hierarchy

from top to bottom

A

self actualization
self esteem
love
security and safety
physiologic

DMS 104 (3 decks)

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