Test 3

Question 1

“Natural and inalienable rights to freedom”
reading

Answer 1

Slaves Petition to Massachusets legislature for freedom
Questions were raised about the ethics of owning slaves while fighting a war for freedom, christian values were also called upon.
Many lawsuits were successful, Quok Walker sues for his freedom and back wages in 1781, the Massachustes Chief justice ruled that his enslvement violated the new state constitution’s statement that “men are born free and Equal.” This case ends slavery in Massachusstes and other New England states

Question 2

The federalist papers: Excerpts

Answer 2

A series of 85 Essays written by Alexander Hmailton, John Jay and James Madison
written under the name Pubulis, Supported the ratification of the constitution of the United States.

Question 3

Federalist Paper # 1

Answer 3

-About how the talkof succession of states is dangerous and to keep the people free and united, we need a consitution.
- Hamilton urges people to choose a government rather than have one be forced upon them.
-Emotion and acussations should be disregarded in favor of a sopund governemnt.

Question 4

Federalist Paper # 10

Answer 4

• Written by James Madison
• deals with the danger of “faction” in a democratic government and argues that the federal system that the Constitution created was the best solution to this problem.
  -“The inference to which we are brought is, that the CAUSES of faction cannot be removed, and that relief is only to be sought in the means of controlling its EFFECTS . . .”
• The two key differences betwen a republic and a democracy are the delegation of the government, in the latter, to a small number of citizens elected by the rest; secondly, the greater number of citizens, and greater sphere of country, over which the latter may be extended.

Question 5

Federalist Paper #51

Answer 5

Also by James Madison
-addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government
- advocates a separation of powers within the national government.
- stresses tje need for balance of power to avoid monarchy or dictatorship.
- “ But what is government itself, but the greatest of all reflections on human nature? If men were angels, no government would be necessary.”
-“The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself.”

Question 6

Federalist paper #84

Answer 6

Written by Alexander Hamilton
, deals with the bill of rights.
Hamilton was against the bill of rights for fear of restriucting the rights of the people, that loopholes and verbiage could become corrupt.
- Thinks the bill of rights is the consittution, we dont need another one
- James Madison dissagreed with this,
-Madison’s position eventually won out in Congress, and a Bill of Rights was ratified on December 15, 1791.
-“For why declare that things shall not be done which there is no power to do?”