Test 3 Flashcards
What are the Characteristics of Deviance
Deviance is an “act” (displayed behavior)
Deviance is “relative” (whose interesting the act)
Deviance can change over “time”
Deviance can vary based on geographic location
what is deviance?
Behavior that does not correlate with the norm
Norm: guidelines that define expected and accepted behavior
(Don’t fall within the range of normal)
What are some functions and impacts of deviance
- Deviance can identify social problems
- causes cohesiveness and mistrust
- can create an environment to allow lesser forms of deviant behavior to exist
- upsets the social order
- can be incite/divide
- can impact the social and economic development/growth of communities
What is crime?
Any violation of the law
What are the 7 kinds of crime?
- Organized
- White collar
- Cyber
- Corporate
- Victimless
- Hate
What is white collar crime?
Nonviolent
By someone high in power for money
What is Organized crime?
Crime committed in a professional setting such as the mob, sell designer handbags, loan sharks, prostitution, etc
What is Cyber crime?
Crime done using technology, over the internet
What is victimless crime?
Consenting adults doing a deviant crime such as prostituition, loitering.
Becomes a crime when it gets to the annoying stage like homeless begging and bugging you
What is Corporate crime?
Big companies pulling fraud acts like Enron
What is hate crime?
Crime that is done based on your dislikes or something you do not agree with
What are the 5 theories of deviance
- Biological
- Psychological
- Labeling
- Cultural Transmission
- Differential Association
What is biological deviance?
Individuals with physical impairments and certain harmonics and physiological imbalances may be prone to deviance
(Hump back, big forehead, unattractive, big eyes…. If you look or act funny you may become deviant)
What is psychological deviance?
Can develop due to some past traumatic experience
if someone did you something in the past you can grow up to become deviant because of it
What is labeling?
Placing emphasis on the act
What is cultural transmission theory?
Deviance can pass from one generation to another due to its deep rooted ness in the environment
( if every member in your family is bad you will most likely be bad too)
What is differential association?
Deviance develops due to the influence of the environment where the behavior is expected, accepted, and rewarded
(Try to separate a phone crazed person from their phone and see what happens)
What is the concept of the criminal justice system
It is designed to ensure that the rules and regulations (laws) are followed; it is composed of judge/court rooms, police and prisons
What are the 5 functions of the criminal justice system?
- Deterrence
- Incarceration
- Execution
- Rehabilitation
- Reform
What is deterrence?
To scare away
A way to scare you into doing the right thing
What is incarceration?
Getting locked up in prison for your wrong doings
What is execution?
Capital punishment
Gas chamber, electric chair, injections, hanging, etc.
What is rehabilitation?
Making themselves better
What is reform?
A new person, 180 turn around from what they been doing
What are some problems with the criminal justice system
Over crowding. Lack of funding Inequality. Increase in crime Inconsistent application of rules Corruption Excessive sentencing Mistrust
What are some solutions to helping the criminal justice system
More prisons for serious crimes
Rules and regulations applied to everyone equally
Limit on appeals
Increase funding
More job training so when someone is released they can be reformed and trained for jobs
what is social stratification?
Structured ranking of individuals or groups based on power, prestige, and wealth
What are the 4 kinds of stratification systems
Slavery
Caste
Estate
Social class
What is slavery?
Legalized social inequality
Forced involuntary servitude (ownership)
What is caste?
Lifelong
Determined at birth
Mobility is fixed
What is estate?
Existed during feudal times
Worked the land for military protection
What is social class?
Composed of many social classes
Mobility is expected, encouraged, and allowed
What are the Determinants of Social Stratification
Income: how much you make
Occupation: what do you do for a living
Education: how many degrees do you have
Residence: where do you live
What are the Elements of Social Stratification
Power
Prestige
Wealth
Mobility
What is power?
Power is control and amount of influence some one has
Power elite: small groups that influence lifestyle, behavior and choices
Power structure which is power limited to environment such as teacher rules the classroom
What is mobility?
Movement from one position to another under social stratification
What are the 4 kinds of mobility
Vertical
Horizontal
Intergenerational mobility
Intragenerational mobility
What is vertical mobility?
Up or downward on a social ladder
What is horizontal mobility?
Movement in a position but not social class
What is intergenerational mobility?
Patterns that can be compared with parents
Are you on the same level as your parents when they were your age
What is Intragenerational mobility?
Pattern in ones lifetime
Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
a. Functionalist
b. Conflict
c. Interactionist
What is poverty?
Lack of acces to the basic necessities of life Food Clothing Shelter Education Healthcare (mental and physical)
What are the 2 Kinds of poverty
- Relative deprivation
2. Absolute deprivation
What is relative deprivation
Needs are met but not the wants
What is absolute deprivation
Dependent upon another source for assistance
Example: food stamps, government assistance
What are some Functions/benefits of poverty
Causes employment in “low paying” jobs
Enables the sale of “cheap” products
Enables menial jobs to be occupied ( police officers, probation officers, counselors, social workers)
Allows the rich to get richer at poor people expense
Enables levels of success to be measured
Who are the Poor*
- Women. 2. Elderly
- Children. 4. Racial minorities
- Chronically ill. 6. Addicted
- Underemployed, under-skilled, undereducated, under-paid
- immigrants
Causes of Poverty*
- Inadequate educational system
- Low minimum wage
- Prejudice and discrimination
- Unequal pay standards
- Privatization//outsourcing
- Natural disasters
Impact of poverty to society*
- Affects the social structure
- Contributes to already existing social problems: crime, homelessness, unemployment, etc.
- Affects social growth and economic development of communities, cities, states and the entire society
Realistic Solutions to Poverty*
a. Improved educational institutions
b. Skills training programs and opportunities
c. Reduction in the utilization of foreign sources in the manufacturing of goods and consumable products
d. Reduction in the utilization of imports, outsourcing and privatization
e. Federal funding: monetary investment in communities, cities and states
f. Increase in minimum wage
