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Bio Final > test 3 > Flashcards

test 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Describe the general characteristics of plants

A

Multicelluar, eukaryotic, photoautotroph, non-motile, cell wall, specific organelles, asexual and sexual reproduction

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2
Q

Plants reproductive cycle

A

Gametophtye produces gametes, sperma dn egg come together to make a zygote, zygote grows into a plant - sporophyte, then releases spores that grow into gametophytes

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3
Q

Gametes

A

Single celled reproductive units - Haploid

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4
Q

Zygote

A

Diploid - two copies of each chromosome

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5
Q

Sporophyte generation

A

Plant that produces spores

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6
Q

Gametophyte generation

A

Spores grow into this, produces gametes

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7
Q

Sporangium

A

The area where spores are formed

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8
Q

Spore

A

A reproductive cell

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9
Q

Antheridia

A

Male gametangia

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10
Q

Archegonia

A

Female gametangia

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11
Q

In nonvascular plants, is the gametophyte or sporophyte dominant?

A

Gametophyte

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12
Q

In vascular plants, is the gametophyte or sporophyte dominant?

A

Sporophyte

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13
Q

Advantages of vascular plants

A

Can grow bigger, increased surface area, nutrients move farther

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14
Q

why is vascular tissue important

A

it allows for better transportation of nutrients around a larger area

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15
Q

Xylem

A

Conducts water and dissolve minerals throughout plant - vessels and tracheids

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16
Q

Phloem

A

Conducts sugarand hormones - sieve and companion cells

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17
Q

Fibrous roots

A

Thing moderately branching roots growing from the stem

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18
Q

Taproot

A

A large central root where other roots sprout laterally

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19
Q

Stomata

A

Tiny pore in the epidermis of a plant leaf that controls transpiration and gas exchange with the air

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20
Q

Tracheophyte

A

A vascular plant

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21
Q

germination

A

early growth and development of a plant embryo in a seed

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22
Q

Endosperm

A

Food stored in the seed

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23
Q

Ovary

A

A female reproductive organ

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24
Q

Ecology

A

the study of how organism interact with each other

25
Q

Organism

A

a single living thing in the environment

26
Q

Species

A

A group of similar organisms that can produce fertile offspring

27
Q

Population

A

A group of individuals of a single species living together in the same region

28
Q

Community

A

Several populations that interact in a common environment

29
Q

Ecosystem

A

It is a set of all living species and abiotic components existing and interacting in a given area

30
Q

Biome

A

A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities

31
Q

Biosphere

A

Global ecological system which consists of all the living organisms and factors that support life

32
Q

Habitat

A

Place where species live

33
Q

Abiotic factors

A

Non living factors that affect how organism interact - water

34
Q

biotic factors

A

living factors that affect how organism interact

35
Q

Niche

A

The position in a community in a spatial and functional sense

36
Q

Competition

A

When two organism are fighting for the same resource

37
Q

Mutualism

A

When the relationship helps both sides

38
Q

Predation

A

When one animals preys on another

39
Q

Commensalism

A

When one side is benefited and the other is unbothered

40
Q

Parasitism

A

One side is harmed and the other is benefited

41
Q

Producer

A

produce food

42
Q

Primary consumer

A

eat producers and are food for other organisms - herbivores

43
Q

Secondary consumers

A

Eat other consumers - carnivore or omnivore

44
Q

Tertiary Consumers

A

Eat other consumers - carnivore or omnivore - highest trophic level

45
Q

Herbivores

A

only plants

46
Q

Omnivore

A

plants and animals

47
Q

Carnivores

A

only meat

48
Q

Role of decomposers

A

give nutrients back to the system

49
Q

Detritus

A

remains of dead organism plus bacteria and fungi aiding in decay

50
Q

Adaptation

A

changing something for survival

51
Q

natural selection

A

the strongest and most well adapted will survive

52
Q

Limiting factors influencing species distribution

A

Food, water, living space, disease, predation, and natural disasters

53
Q

Critical factors

A

Factors needed for survival

54
Q

Indicator Species

A

An organism that reacts quickly to changes in water, weather, etc.

55
Q

Generalist

A

Can do a wide range of conditions

56
Q

Ecological succession

A

more or less orderly process of community change

57
Q

Specialists

A

narrow ecological niche

58
Q

endemic species

A

A species is in a defined location and on where else

59
Q

Resource partitioning

A

the division of limited resources by species to avoid competition

Bio Final (2 decks)

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