Test 3 Flashcards by Kennedy Bluford

classical with no words

Baroque

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a piece of baroque that would usually express one continuous mood
-misshaped pearl
-elaborate
-ornamented

Unity of Mood

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to balance and appease the affections

Affections

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sudden leaps in volume, instead of a gradual swell
steady, stable mood

Terraced

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a composition where a short melody/idea is introduced (the subject) in the beginning by a single voice and taken by other voices and developed

Fugue

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the relationship between voices that are interdependent harmonically but independent in rhythm and counter

Contrapuntal/ Counterpoint

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a hymn tune, usually sung

Chorale

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-full congregation participates
-mainly taken from folk songs and catholic hymns
-instrumental accompaniment
-steady rhythm and usually one note per syllable

Cantata

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-created by Bach
-compromise
-allows fixed path instruments to play in all keys

Equal Temperament

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-recitative
-often lead into an aria

Opera

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vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch of speed

Aria

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orchestral composition that informs the audience of the overall dramatic mood

Overature

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-specialized male singer whose voice is produced by castration of the singer before puberty
-large barrel chest

Castrati

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-male voice trained to sing the range of a female contralto
-used to replace the roles of castrati

Contratenor

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-1780-1820
-emphasis on simplicity and clarity, tuneful melody and simple harmony
-end of figured base

Classical

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-continuous period of political and social upheaval
-composers become more independent as opposed to servants

Patronage System

1685-1750
-master composer and improviser of the Baroque style
-works for the church
-controversy between Lutherans and Pietists

John Sebastian Bach

-drama that is sung to orchestral accompaniment
-begins in Italy around 1600 in Florence
-entertainment for the Upper class
-fusion of acting, music, poetry, dance, scenery, costumes

Operas

-fellowship or society
-group of nobles and artists entertaining themselves
-modeled after ancient Greek tragedy

Camerata

person who writes the text of an opera

Liberttist

words of the opera

Liberetto

light voice, roles for grace and charm

Lyric Soprano

full powerful voice

Dramatic Soprano

very high range, can execute rapid scales and trills

Coloratura (soprano)

lyric tenor, dramatic tenor

Types of Tenors

cosmic roles, can sing very fast

Basso buffo

very low range, powerful roles calling for dignity

Basso profundo

serious

Opera Seria

humerous

Opera Buffa

-the main attraction -song for solo voice and orchestral accompaniment -long-have a definite beginning, peak, and end

Aria pt 2

orchestral composition that informs the audience of the overall dramatic mood

Overature

-vienna -has much success in London -created the string quartet

Papa Haydn

2 violins viola celo

String Quartet

-born in Guadeloupe -plantation owner father and slave mother -great fencer at Academie Royale Polytechnique -match against Alexandre Picard -Gossec's orchestra in 1766 ( the finest and most established in all of Europe) -leader of the Paris Opera -scandal with 3 leading ladies forces him to remove name from Opera

Joseph Balogne Chevalier de Saint Georges

child prodigy and virtuoso (Austrian) -composed his first pieces at 4 and 5 on the keyboard and violin -composed his first symphony at 8

Mozart

-enlists in the National Guard and fights against Austria ( chooses the people over the Queen) -Calvary Brigade of men of color -arrested in suspicion of the Terror -loves Paris and was loved by Paris

Saint Georges Pt 2