Test 3 Flashcards
classical with no words
Baroque
a piece of baroque that would usually express one continuous mood
-misshaped pearl
-elaborate
-ornamented
Unity of Mood
to balance and appease the affections
Affections
sudden leaps in volume, instead of a gradual swell
steady, stable mood
Terraced
a composition where a short melody/idea is introduced (the subject) in the beginning by a single voice and taken by other voices and developed
Fugue
the relationship between voices that are interdependent harmonically but independent in rhythm and counter
Contrapuntal/ Counterpoint
a hymn tune, usually sung
Chorale
-full congregation participates
-mainly taken from folk songs and catholic hymns
-instrumental accompaniment
-steady rhythm and usually one note per syllable
Cantata
-created by Bach
-compromise
-allows fixed path instruments to play in all keys
Equal Temperament
-recitative
-often lead into an aria
Opera
vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch of speed
Aria
orchestral composition that informs the audience of the overall dramatic mood
Overature
-specialized male singer whose voice is produced by castration of the singer before puberty
-large barrel chest
Castrati
-male voice trained to sing the range of a female contralto
-used to replace the roles of castrati
Contratenor
-1780-1820
-emphasis on simplicity and clarity, tuneful melody and simple harmony
-end of figured base
Classical
-continuous period of political and social upheaval
-composers become more independent as opposed to servants
Patronage System
1685-1750
-master composer and improviser of the Baroque style
-works for the church
-controversy between Lutherans and Pietists
John Sebastian Bach
-drama that is sung to orchestral accompaniment
-begins in Italy around 1600 in Florence
-entertainment for the Upper class
-fusion of acting, music, poetry, dance, scenery, costumes
Operas
-fellowship or society
-group of nobles and artists entertaining themselves
-modeled after ancient Greek tragedy
Camerata
person who writes the text of an opera
Liberttist
words of the opera
Liberetto
light voice, roles for grace and charm
Lyric Soprano
full powerful voice
Dramatic Soprano
very high range, can execute rapid scales and trills
Coloratura (soprano)
lyric tenor, dramatic tenor
Types of Tenors
cosmic roles, can sing very fast
Basso buffo
very low range, powerful roles calling for dignity
Basso profundo
serious
Opera Seria
humerous
Opera Buffa
-the main attraction
-song for solo voice and orchestral accompaniment
-long-have a definite beginning, peak, and end
Aria pt 2
orchestral composition that informs the audience of the overall dramatic mood
Overature
-vienna
-has much success in London
-created the string quartet
Papa Haydn
2 violins
viola
celo
String Quartet
-born in Guadeloupe
-plantation owner father and slave mother
-great fencer at Academie Royale Polytechnique
-match against Alexandre Picard
-Gossec’s orchestra in 1766 ( the finest and most established in all of Europe)
-leader of the Paris Opera
-scandal with 3 leading ladies forces him to remove name from Opera
Joseph Balogne Chevalier de Saint Georges
child prodigy and virtuoso (Austrian)
-composed his first pieces at 4 and 5 on the keyboard and violin
-composed his first symphony at 8
Mozart
-enlists in the National Guard and fights against Austria ( chooses the people over the Queen)
-Calvary Brigade of men of color
-arrested in suspicion of the Terror
-loves Paris and was loved by Paris
Saint Georges Pt 2
