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Bioinformatics > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

In a survey every person surveyed is exposed to the same set of questions, same wording, phrasing, no variation
(exposed to standard stimulus) True/false

A

true

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2
Q

what is a probability sample

A

a random sample from a larger population

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3
Q

surveys are what? they have no manipulation of any variable

A

observational

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4
Q

surveys can test knowledge of individual on a certain subject T/F

A

T

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5
Q

Surveys do what in disease, health, behavior in the larger population, may suggest causal links that cannot be done in experiment

A

track trends

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6
Q

a survey at a single point in time, but emphasis on past behavior

A

cross sectional survey

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7
Q

multiple cross sectional surveys over time are called

A

trend study

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8
Q

Longitudinal studies are done how

A

over time

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9
Q

Follow subjects into future for specified

period of time (social science research) is what kind of survey

A

panel survey

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10
Q 
Follow subjects into future until a
condition develops (epidemiological research) is what type of survey
A

cohort study

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11
Q

study looks at the exact same people at two different times is what

A

panel study

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12
Q

identifying subjects with a clinical condition and is retrospective study is called

A

case controlled study

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13
Q

Trend studies equal or dont equal panel study

A

dont equal

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14
Q

in surveys it is difficult to prove causes of the effect, not sure if there are other variable to the effect, hard to make strong causal inference
is true or false problems with surveys

A

True

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15
Q

people tend to do what when reporting effects

A

under report negative, over report positive

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16
Q

surveys can have poor external validity true or false

A

true

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17
Q

is a convience sample representative of overall population

A

no

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18
Q

what type of sample is representative of overall population

A

probability sample

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19
Q

what are four probability sample types

A

simple random sample, multicluster sample, stratified sample, random digit dialing

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20
Q

what type of probability sample used when you take table of random numbers or randomly selected using computer

A

simple random sample

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21
Q

taking random samples of multiple level (cities to counties to towns to households)

A

multicluster sampling

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22
Q

what is an advantage to multicluster sampling

A

easily obtainable sampling frames

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23
Q

what is a disadvantage to multicluster sampling

A

complex sampling design

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24
Q

what probability sample occurs when you over estimate sample in order to get proper results, when a sub group is small in a population

A

stratified sampling

25
Q

Computer randomly assigns 4 digits to complete phone number is called

A

random digit dialing

26
Q

if its not a probability sample what do you want the researcher to do

A

give enough info to prove valid results

27
Q

which are the worst result rate of surveys

A

mail

28
Q

what is respondent bias

A

people who fill out survey may be different than overall population

29
Q

Can the researcher demonstrate that non-respondents are not substantially different from respondents? example of

A

respondent bias

30
Q

jargon slang, technical language, mutually exclusive( each respondent fits in one and only one category) are what

A

poorly constructed questions

31
Q

Watch out for survey questions with ambiguity, confusion, vagueness
Watch out for surveys which ask questions that are beyond
R’s capabilities T/f

A

Both true

32
Q

what time frame is better for less important events

A

short time frame

33
Q

longer time frame is good for what events

A

important events

34
Q

looking for a specific answer from a person in the survey-like for a fundraiser is called

A

leading bias

35
Q

surveys should never assume what

A

respondent knowledge

36
Q

coupling survey with figures and well known people it enhances results-even when there is no such thing is this true/false and what is it called

A

true, prestige bias

37
Q

surveys use what two thing which are a set of questions when combined yield info about respondent

A

scales and indexes

38
Q

combine a survey with a physical examination increases external validity (these are non mail surveys) True or false

A

True

39
Q

according to chronbach’s index what indicates the survey is more reliable

A

closer to 1

40
Q

which surveys have highest rate of validity

A

face to face

41
Q

can respondents be influenced by interview

A

yes

42
Q

cheap and fast, convenient, innovative(imbed pictures etc), have become quite common is what kind of survey

A

web based

43
Q

what is major problem with mail and web based surveys

A

not sure who actually fills them out

44
Q

which survey must be synchonous

A

telephone

45
Q

which surveys are asynchronous

A

mail and web based

46
Q

A multi stage cluster sample is a type of probability sample of a larger population used in survey research. In probability samples each case has an equal chance of inclusion in the sample which are true or false

A

both true

47
Q

Surveys typically use convenient samples drawn from a larger population. Typically surveys rely on a respondent’s willingness to participate which may affect the validity and accuracy of their survey which is true or/and false

A

false, true

48
Q

is info derived from a cross sectional study related to surveys

A

no

49
Q

Information derived from cross sectional surveys allow a researcher to make causal statements about the IV and the DV, is this statement about surveys true or false

A

false

50
Q

Typically surveys are dependent on willingness of ppl to participate, can mess up validity and accuracy of the responses. Survey samples are typically probability samples drawn from a larger pop

A

both true

51
Q

A specific statistic that is calculated to indicate the magnitude (strength) and direction of the degree of relationship between two variables (X, Y) is what

A

correlation coefficient

52
Q

a strong correlation is when

A

when data points are close to trend line

53
Q

relationship between an interval/ratio dependent variable and an interval/ratio independent variable

A

bivariate regression

54
Q

is the best line to minimize error (relationship between two variables)

A

Regression line, trend line

55
Q

in multiple regression what does the trend line become

A

a plane

56
Q

one dependent variable with multiple independent variables is

A

multiple regression

57
Q

How does an independent variable increase the odds (likelihood or probability) of an event occurring, relative to some baseline category?

A

logit regression

58
Q

if linear regression line is flat than what

A

no difference in odds

59
Q

comparing odds of something happening compared to baseline category

A

logit regression

Bioinformatics (3 decks)

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