Test 3 Flashcards
Chemical reaction
A process in which substances interact, causing the formation of new substances with new properties.
Word equation
A way of describing a chemical reaction using the names of the reactants and products
Chemical equation
A way of describing a chemical reaction using the chemical formulas of the reactants and products
Reactant
A chemical, present at the start of a chemical reaction, that is used up during a reaction.
Product
A chemical that is produced during a chemical reaction.
Law of conservation of mass
The statement that, in any given chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
Synthesis reaction
A reaction in which two reactants combine to make a larger or more complex product; general pattern:
A + B →AB
Decomposition reaction
A reaction in which a large or more complex molecule breaks down to form two (or more) simpler products; general pattern:
AB →A + B
Single displacement reaction
One element displaces or replaces an element in a compound. The general pattern for this type of reaction is
A + BC→ AC + B
Double replacement reaction
Occur when two elements in different compounds trade places. The general pattern for these reactions is:
AB + CD →AD + CB
Precipitate
A solid formed from the reaction of two solutions
Combustion
The rapid reaction of a substance with oxygen to produce oxides and energy; burning.
Complete combustion
Combustion reaction of hydrocarbons that uses all the available fuel and produces only carbon dioxide, water, and energy; occurs when the supply of oxygen is plentiful
Incomplete combustion
A combustion reaction of hydrocarbons that may produce carbon monoxide, carbon, carbon dioxide, soot, water, and energy; occurs when the oxygen supply is limited
Corrosion
The breakdown of a metal resulting from reactions with chemicals in its environment.
