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TT327 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what system does not make roving?

A

Woolen system

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2
Q

anytime you ring spin you need what?

A

Roving

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3
Q

what does roving come after in the yarn process?

A

Drawing

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4
Q

why do we need roving?>

A

To reduce the size

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5
Q

why can’t we have more than a 40 tex draft when ring spinning?

A

will create variability in the yarn

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6
Q

how do snarls form?

A

needs to have tension or will wrap around itself

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7
Q

why do we lay in roving?

A

we need to arrange the coils of each layer right next to each other so we dont have roving wrapping around other roving

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8
Q

what is building in roving?

A

regulates the length of the layers on the bobbin to form a properly shaped bobbin

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9
Q

why is the flier hollow on one side in roving?

A

so you can feed the roving down it to support the rover so the extra forces aren’t impacting it

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10
Q

what is the flier responsible for in roving?

A

putting in twist

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11
Q

why does the flier speed stay constant in roving?

A

to put in the correct amount of twist

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12
Q

Where does the twist run from?

A

Back up to the front roll

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13
Q

flyer and bobbin rotate….

A

in the same direction

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14
Q

bobbin speed is _ than flyer speed

A

greater

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15
Q

the difference in the bobbin and flyer speed causes

A

the roving to wind on the bobbin

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16
Q

why does the bobbin move up and down inside the flier?

A

to make sure we are laying the coils in the proper position

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17
Q

why do we shape the bobbin in roving?

A

so roving doesn’t get trapped in layers below

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18
Q

what will happen if the wind on velocity isnt constant?

A

roving will break

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19
Q

how does the rubbing frame work?

A

two aprons rub together to entangle the fibers

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20
Q

what is different about worsted roving?(3)

A

bigger rollers, double apron drafting, can get slip draft

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21
Q

what is slip draft?

A

fibers slip through draw zone,

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22
Q

What holds fibers together with twist?

A

the force that acts towards the center which increases friction to hold the yarn together

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23
Q

Twist density =

A

turns per length

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24
Q

what is the helix angle

A

angle of wrap

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25
Q

what does the helix angle affect?

A

amount of force in yarn because it is generated by how much twist is put in yarn

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26
Q

small angle of wrap = _ twisted, feels _

A

lightly, softer

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27
Q

large angle of wrap= _ twisted, _ tension in yarn

A

high, more

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28
Q

What does TM talk about?

A

influence of angle wrap

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29
Q

8 influences of twist on yarn properties

A 
hand
absorbency
luster
flexural
abrasion resistance
special effects
contraction
strength
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30
Q

how will low twist affect hand, absorbency, luster, flexural endurance

A

feel softer, more absorbent, more luster, more flexible,

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31
Q

what does a change in contraction cause?

A

change in yarn count and linear density

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32
Q

assumptions of strength in twist

A

yarn is made of unbreakable staple fibers and assume we have a continuous filament yarn

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33
Q

what is optimum twist?

A

maximum strength in the yarn, max twist that allows max strength

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34
Q

short fibers have a _ coherence curve than w long fiber

A

lower

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35
Q

5 effects of reducing fiber length

A
  1. short fibers need more twist to reach strength
  2. short fibers give lower strength
  3. short fibers give harder hand
  4. short fibers give less luster
  5. short fibers require a higher cost of conversion
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36
Q

5 factors that influence effective staple length

A
  1. fiber fineness
  2. fiber crimp
  3. fiber finish
  4. fiber cross sectional shape
  5. fiber stiffness
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37
Q

why do we do yarn winding

A

transfer yarns on better suited packages

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38
Q

what is the goal with yarn winding?(5)

A

large fault free package, no thin and thick, needs to unwind easily, may wax yarn to reduce friction for knitting, efficient package

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39
Q

what is the average number of bobbins put on a package

A

20

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40
Q

what are the two types of packages?

A

cheese and cone

41
Q

what speeds do cheese packages need to work at?

A

high speeds

42
Q

what type of yarns are mostly used on cheese packages?

A

filament yarn

43
Q

which type of package has more problems with winding packages?

A

cone

44
Q

what are cone packages mainly used for?

A

knit packages

45
Q

What does the preclearer do?

A

senses and cuts out thick and think spots

46
Q

What does the tensioner do?

A

keeps tension in yarn

47
Q

winding can increase what?

A

hairiness because of running over the metal parts

48
Q

what is the purpose of the split drum?

A

determines where the yarn ends up on the pakcage, goal to space yarn out and make sure it is not on top of each other

49
Q

3 problems in winding?

A

neps
irregularity
hairiness

50
Q

how do ribbions and patterns form?

A

traverse shift is too small and yarns wind right on top of each other

51
Q

how do budgles form?

A

due to the outer layer of yarns putting pressure and squeezing the inner layers, poor tension control

52
Q

what is clearing?

A

remvoing thick and thin spots that are predetermined

53
Q

what is splicing?

A

joining the yarn ends together, dont want it to create thick or thin spots, we normally end up with something a little thicker

54
Q

what does waxing a yarn do?

A

modifies yarn friction so it wont abrasive as easily

55
Q

what do link winders do?

A

they are connected to the spinning frame and rolls doff into winders, they mske it easier to track packages

56
Q

what do we do to staple yarns when they are twist lively?

A

twist yarns together in opposite direction than normally twisted

57
Q

Twisted yarns together =

A

plied yarns.

58
Q

twisted plied yarns togethr =

A

ropes

59
Q

twist ropes together

A

cables

60
Q

why is multifold done? (6)

A

done to improve regularity, increase strength, get balanced yarn, reduce hairness, imporve extensibility, produce speical effects

61
Q

liveliness is a function of (3)

A

time
amount of twist
finish

62
Q

reduce liveliness (2)

A

slash w heavy starch

steam

63
Q

why is ring spinning expensive?

A

because of all the processing you have to go through for labor

64
Q

what can we use in ring spinning

A

any fiber type

65
Q

ring spinning can make what

A

any yarn size

66
Q

why does ring spinning need drafting?

A

to reduce size

67
Q

why does ring spinning need twist

A

to make yarn strong

68
Q

fiber orientation in roping is what and cohesion

A

not good and cohesion is not very strong

69
Q

why do we use a false twist spindel?

A

near the front roll to help hold it together so it wont draft there

70
Q

where does the traveler sit

A

on the ring

71
Q

where does the bobbin sit

A

on the spindle

72
Q

bobbin speed _ spindle speed

A

=

73
Q

belt turns forcing _ to turn forcing _ to turn

A

spindle and bobbin

74
Q

what is the drive belt connected to

A

a master cylinder

75
Q

what limits the amount of yarn on a package

A

the size of ring

76
Q

why is ring spinning sloe

A

due to travelor speed

77
Q

yarn oulls _ around the _

A

travelor, ring

78
Q

in ring spinning twist happens becasue of what

A

the spindle

79
Q

difference between traveler and spindle speed

A

traveler is a little less than spindle speed ( ab 100 rpm difference)

80
Q

in ring spinning dront roll speeds is what

A

needs to stay constant

81
Q

in ring spinning fyler and spindle speed needs what

A

to stay constant

82
Q

the travelor speeds needs to what in ring spinning

A

change

83
Q

in ring spinning if bobbin increase, travelor has to what

A

increase

84
Q

2 biggest problems in end breaks

A

high tension and high variability in yarn

85
Q

things that affect high tension in ring spinning (6)

A

yarn speed, yarn size, traveler speed, traveler weigh, ring size, surface area of ablloon

86
Q

with high tension in ring spinning what are the 3 things we change to help fix it

A

control size of balloon, changhe traveler weight, change yarn speed

87
Q

why is balloonless spinning used in woolen yarns q

A

to reduce the likelihood that yarn will break

88
Q

how does balloonless spinning work?

A

collapse the balloon by putting a crown on top of the spindle and it forces yarn to run through the crown and collapse arounf spindle

89
Q

why do we wax bigger rings

A

its more likely that the traveler will burn up and fly off

90
Q

3 major problems with ring spinning

A

speed
size of yarn package
cost

91
Q

pros to rubbing (3)

A

easier to set up
faster
easy to use

92
Q

pros to roving (2)

A

better cohesion and better package size

can keep working w rest of bobbins if one breaks

93
Q

similarities of roving and rubbing (2)

A

same yarn quality and both widely used

94
Q

5 roving objectives

A 
draft
twist 
profuce roving
lay
build
95
Q

what is necessary with ring twisting?3

A

tension control, twisting in opposite direction single twist, end break detectors

96
Q

ring twisting process

A

ring spinning
wing and clear
twist on ring frame
rewind from ring tube

97
Q

how does two for one twisting work

A

the package does not turn, the twist happens from the rotation of a disc, 1 rotation inserts 2 turns of twist in the yarn

98
Q

obliquity efffect

A

ordered to disordered state, adding twist

99
Q

oe: strength goes down w _

A

twist

TT327 (13 decks)

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