Test 2b Flashcards
confabulation
the making up of stories or answers to maintain self-esteem when the person does not remember
perseveration
reputation of phrases or behavior (intensified during stress)
What are the 4 As of cognitive impairment
- amnesia
- aphasia
- apraxia
- agnosia
agnosia
loss of sensory ability to recognize objects (knowing)
aphasia
loss of language ability (might forget names, finding the right word => babbling or mutism)
apraxia
loss of purposeful movement in the absence of motor or sensory impairment
What are the 4 stages of alzheimer’s disease?
- Mild: Forgetfullness
- Moderate: Confusion
- Moderate to Severe: Ambulatory Dementia
- Late: End Stage
agraphia
inability to read or write
hyperolality
the need to taste, chew, and put everything in one’s mouth
hypermetamophosis
manifested by touching of everything in sight
cognition
operation of the mind that includes “the mental faculty of knowing, perceiving, recognizing, conceiving, judging, reasoning, and imagning
What is the basic difference between delirium and dementia?
Delirium is acute and reversible; dementia is gradual and permanent
delirium
develops quickly and usually fluctuates in intensity, which represents a change from the individual’s normal attention and awareness
dementia
impairment in memory w/o impairment in consciousness
sundown syndrome
symptoms and problem behaviors become more pronounced in the evening
illusions
errors in perception of sensory stimuli
hallucinations
false sensory stimuli
hypervigilance
extraordinarily alert and their eyes constantly scan the room
addicition/dependence
habitual psychological and physiological dependence on the substance or practice beyond one’s voluntary control
tolerance
adaptation to the substance with gradual increasing amounts of the substance needed to reproduce original effects with lessor amounts of the substance
What are the 3 Cs
- CRAVING (compulsive use)
- CONTINUED use
- loss of CONTROL
temperament
the style of behavior habitually used to cope with demands of the environment. It can be modified by the parent-infant relationship
agraphia
inability to read or write
hyperorality
the need to taste, chew, and put everything in one’s mouth
hypermetamorphosis
manifested by touching everything in sight
abuse
habitual use of a substance that falls outside of medical necessity or social acceptance, with the single purpose of altering one’s mood, emotion, or state of consciousness- resulting in an adverse affect to the abuser and/or others
addiction/dependence
habitual psychological and physiological dependence on the substance or practice beyond one’s voluntary control
tolerance
adaption to the substance with gradual increasing amounts of the substance needed to reproduce original effects with lessor amounts of the substance
withdrawal
stopping or reducing use results in specific PHYSICAL and.or PSYCHOLOGICAL signs and symptoms
amotivational syndrome
(can be caused by marijuana) characterized by apathy, loss of achievement motivation, decrease productivity, difficulty with learning and memory, impaired concentration, lack of personal hygiene, and preoccupation with the drug
What percentage of __ year old or older NURSING HOME RESIDENTS experience DELIRIUM?
60%; 75 year old
What percentage of people with terminal illness develop DELIRIUM near death?
75-85%
AD accounts for what percentage of all dementias in the US?
60-80%
What is the lifetime prevalence of AD in those 65 and older?
12.5%
What are the different types of primary dementia?
- AD
- Picks Disease
- Huntingtons
- Lewy Body
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
- Parkinsons
What percentage of people with MCI develop dementia w/n 1 year?
12%
What are the 3 categories of assessment for delirium?
- cognitive/perceptional disturbances
- physical needs
- Moods and Physcial Behaviors
What are the 4 UNCONSCIOUS DEFENSE behaviors for dementia that the nurse might notice on assessment?
- confabulation
- denial
- preservation
- avoiding questions
Genetics accounts for what percentage of a persons vulnerability to addiction?
40-60%
What makes assessing for addictions and compulsions complex?
- poly drug abuse
- coexisting psychiatric disorders
- coexisting physical disorders
- multicultural issues
What are the 6 parts of the brief neurocognitive Mental Status Exam?
- behavioral observation
- orientation
- recent memory
- calculations
- reproduction of cross and cube
- thinking/speech
What are the 9 parts of a child and adolescent mental status assessment?
- General appearance
- Activity level
- Speech
- Coordination of motor function
- Affect
- Relating, manner of
- Intellectual functions
- Thought Processes and content
- Characteristics of child’s play
