Test 2 Review Flashcards
How many plates are there?
15
How fast do the plates move
2-3inches a year
Sir Francis Bacon
Plates fit like a puzzle
Alfred Wegener
Made up pangaea
Continental drift theory
Early 1900s
Alfred Wegener
Proposed there was a supercontinent
4 types of plate boundaries
Convergent- come together mtns
Divergent- go apart rift valleys
Transform/fault- slip/ grind past San Andreas fault
Subduction- plate gets sucked under
What states are over hot spots?
Hawaii
Wyoming
How thick is earth’s crust?
5 to 22 miles thick
5 under the ocean
Inner core
1
Solid metal
Iron nickel
Outer core
2
Molten metal
Mantle
3
Thick layer of rock
1800 miles thick
Crust
4
Rocky surface
5-22, 5 miles under ocean
Gondwana
Gondwanaland
Southern subcontinent
135 million years ago
Pangaea
Supercontinent
200 million years ago
Laurasia
Northern subcontinent
135 years ago
Ring of fire
Circle of volcanoes surrounding the pacific ocean
Convection
A circular movement caused when a material is heated, expands and rises, then cools and falls.
Hot spot
Hot regions deep within the earth’s mantle. Columns of magma rise from these regions towards the earth’s surface.
Magma
Molten rock in the earth
Lithosphere
Soil
Rocks
Landforms
Other surface features
Atmosphere
Layer if air, water, and other substances above the surfaces
Hydrosphere
Water in oceans lakes and rivers and even under the ground
Biosphere
Plants animals etc
Relief
The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points
Continental climate
The type of climate found in the great central areas of continents in the northern hemisphere characterized by cold snowy winters and hot summers
Front
Air mass
Climate
Weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a long period of time
Weather
The condition of the bottom layer of the earths atmosphere in one place over a short period of time
Precipitation
All the forms of water that fall to earth from the atmosphere including rain and snow etc
Two types of grasslands
Tropical
Temperate
Deciduous
Middle latitudes
Maple
Coniferous
Northern hemisphere
Cones
Pine
Biome
Major types of ecosystem
Ecosystem
Interaction of plant life , animal life , and the physical environment in which they live
Permafrost
Permanent layer of frost underneath the soil
2 main things that distribute heat
Convection
Wind