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Bio 1101 Lecture > test 2 review > Flashcards

test 2 review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are histones?

A

Small globular proteins wrapped

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2
Q

How is energy released from ATP?

A

By hydrolyzing the third phosphate bond

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2
Q

Main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A

Lipid Synthesis

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2
Q

What does Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) contain and what is the function??

A

Contains Ribosomes; protein synthesis

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2
Q

Where is the DNA found in a bacterial cell?

A

Nucleoid Region

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2
Q

What is the purose/role of the peptidoglycan cell wall in bacteria?

A

provides a rigid cell wall to prevent celll from swelling or bursting

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3
Q

Which organelle is repsonsible for photosynethes in plant cells?

A

Chloroplasts

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3
Q

Equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2+6H2O+energy->C6H12O6+6O2

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3
Q

What is the structure of DNA?

A

Double stranded helix;
with complementary base pairs

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4
Q

Difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticukum (ER)

A

smooth ER:
Lipid synthesis; no ribosomes

Rough ER:
Protein synthesis; contains ribosomes

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5
Q

Structure/ characteristics of the bacterial cell

A
  • cell membrane
    -cell wall
    -glycocalyx
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5
Q

What are accessory rings of DNA called and in what cell are they located in?

A

plasmids ; bacterial cells

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5
Q

What are plasmids in bactrial cells?

A

Non essential; circular DNA that provide additional genetic material

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6
Q

What helps attach to surfaces?

A

Fimbriae

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7
Q

Where is DNA located i a bacterial cell?

A

Nucleoid region

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8
Q

How do Paramecia move?

A

Cilia

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9
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

Producer that make their own food via photosyntheis

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10
Q

What is an heterotroph?

A

consumer that depend on other organisms for food

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11
Q

What are the end products of photosynthesis?(2)

A

Glucose
oxygen

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12
Q

Function of the central vacuole in a plant cell?

A

stores water & nutrients

provides rigidy to the plant cell

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13
Q

Role of fimbriae in bacterial cells?

A

help in attachment to surfaces

14
Q

Structure of the plasma membrane?

A

phospholpid bilayer
contains: proteins and cholestrol

15
Q

Differentially Permeable Membrane

A

only certain molecules can pass easily

16
Q

Function of Aquaporin

A

transporting water

17
Q

what are antigens?

A

recognizes foreign protein
ex; A, AB, B and O blood type

18
Q

How does cholesterol function in the plasma membrane?

A

same answers 2 different ways of saying:
-maintaining rigidity
-prevents from becoming too rigid

19
Q

Types of protein found in plasma membrane (3)

A

integral
peripheral
trasmembrane

20
Q

Which moleucle can pass easily through the plasma membrane?

A

Hydrophobic molecule

21
Q

What are glycoproteins?

A

proteins with sugar attached

22
Q

What happens if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
(hint aeiou)

A

water enters the cell causing it t burst

23
Q

what happens if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? & what is it called
(hint aeiou)

A

water leaves causing it to shrink;
crenation

24
Q

isotonic

A

water will enter and leave at the same time

25
Q

What is passive transport?

A

movement of molucles high to low

26
Q

what drives passive transport?

A

concentration gradient?

27
Q

define active transport

A

movement of molecules

28
Q

what does acrive transpoort require? (2)

A

transport proteins &ATP

29
Q

Example of active transport

A

sodium potassium pump

30
Q

what is turgor pressure?

A

internal pressure within the cell wall

31
Q

facilitated transport/diffusion

A

transport protein
glucose

32
Q

osmosis

A

movement of water across semi permeable high to low

33
Q

What is coupling

A

energy released by exorgonic reactuinton drive endogonic reaction

34
Q

potential energy and an ex

A

stored energy ]
ex. stretched spring

35
Q

kinetic engergy

A

energy in motion

36
Q

exergonic reactions

A

less energy than the products

37
Q

enderegonic raections

A

input of energy

38
Q

first law of thermodynamics

A

energy can’t be created nor destroyed
ONLY transofrmed

39
Q

second law

A

useful enegery is lost as heat

40
Q

compepetive inhibtaion

A

binding to active site

41
Q

non competive inhibitaion

A

inhibitor binds allosteric site

42
Q

metablism

A

sum total of chemical reactions in acell

43
Q

induced fit model of enzyme substrae interaction

A

site changes to shape better

Bio 1101 Lecture (7 decks)

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