Chapter 2.1

Question 1

What is Matter?

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 2

3 states of matter

Answer 2

1.solid
2.liquid
3.gas

Question 3

What is matter composed of?

Answer 3

Elements

Question 4

What is an Element?

Answer 4

Composed of one type of atom; can’t be broken down

Question 5

What 6 elements make up 95% of body weight (CHNOPS)

Answer 5

Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur

Question 6

What are electron shells?

Answer 6

Orbiting clouds around nucleus

Question 7

What is an atomic number?

Answer 7

Number of protons

Question 8

What is mass number/atomic mass?

Answer 8

sum of protons and neutrons

Question 9

What are Isotopes?

Answer 9

are atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons

Question 10

What is an radioactive isotope?

Answer 10

give off energy in the form of rays and subatomic particles

Question 11

Electrons

Answer 11

Determine chemical behavior of atoms

Question 12

What is a Valence shell and why is it important?

Answer 12

The outermost energy shell.
It is important b/c it determines the atom’s chemical properties

Question 13

octet rule

Answer 13

the ourtermost shell is most stable when it has 8 electrons

Question 14

Chemically Reactive

Answer 14

When an atom does not have its valence shell filled

Question 15

Compound

Answer 15

A molecule containing at least 2 different elements

Question 16

How are bonds between atoms in molecules caused?

Answer 16

By interaction between electron in the outermost energy shell.

Question 17

Chemical Reaction

Answer 17

the process of bond formation

Question 18

Ion

Answer 18

an atom that has lost or gained an electron

Question 19

Ionic bond

Answer 19

when electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Question 20

Salts

Answer 20

solid substances that usually separate and exist as individual ions in water