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BIO II > Test 2 Plants Review > Flashcards

Test 2 Plants Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the study of plants called?

A

Botany

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2
Q

What is the literal meaning of plant or herb?

A

Wort

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3
Q

What is the study of trees called?

A

Dedrology

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4
Q

In general, which plants live longer, herbaceous or woody?

A

Woody

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5
Q

What is the young leaf bearing portion of a plant called?

A

Shoot

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6
Q

What do roots do?

A

Anchor- add nitrogen, humus, and take in water and nutrients

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7
Q

What do leaves do?

A

Photosynthesis, add humus and insulate

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8
Q

What do stems do?

A

Conduct and support

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9
Q

What three structures connect to the axis of a stem?

A

Leaves, branches, flowers

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10
Q

Describe an opposite leaf attachment

A

Directly across from each other

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11
Q

Describe an alternate leaf attachment

A

Not directly across from each other

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12
Q

Describe a whorled leaf attachment

A

Three leaves or more attached at one point

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13
Q

What are the “eyes” of a potato?

A

Nodes

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14
Q

What is the difference in a petiolate and sessile leaf?

A

Petio has petio. Sessile doesn’t.

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15
Q

What is in the bud?

A

Primordial tissue

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16
Q

Where are terminal buds found?

A

Branch tips

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17
Q

Where are axillary buds found?

A

Angle of petiole and stem

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18
Q

What protects buds?

A

Bud scales/scoves

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19
Q

What is left when bud scales fall off?

A

Scars

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20
Q

What are stipules?

A

Leaf appendages

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21
Q

What are leaf scars?

A

Deciduous trees- vascular bundle remnant; form when leaf falls

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22
Q

Name a tree high in lenticels

A

Cherry tree

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23
Q

Which is more abundant in stems, cortex or pith?

A

Pith

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24
Q

What is another name for secondary xylem?

A

Wood

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25
Q

What is the remnant of the cambium called?

A

Annual/Growth ring

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26
Q

How does heartwood and sapwood differ?

A

Heart is dark, sap is light

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27
Q

What is unique to conifer stems?

A

Resin ducts

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28
Q

How does softwood and hardwood differ?

A

Hardwood has rays, softwood lacks

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29
Q

Give an example of softwood

A

Pine

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30
Q

Give an example of hardwood

A

Oak

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31
Q

Define and give an example of a rhizome

A

Horizontal underground stem. Ex: Iris

32
Q

Define and give an example of a stolon

A

Runners

Ex: Bermuda grass, potato, kudzu

33
Q

Define and give an example of a bulb

A

Grows in layers

Ex: Tulip and Daffodils

34
Q

Define and give an example of a corm

A

Has stored starch so during the growing season corms shrink

Ex: Gladiolus

35
Q

Define and give an example of a tuber

A

Starchy accumulations

Ex: potato

36
Q

What is the difference in a thorn and a spine?

A

Thorns are modified branches. Spines are modified leaves.

37
Q

Where are apical meristems found? What do they increase?

A

In the tip of a root and tip of a branch. Increase the length.

38
Q

What type of plant has cork cambium?

A

Woody

39
Q

Which group of plants have intercalary meristems?

A

Monocots/herbaceous plants

40
Q

What is the epidermis of a plant?

A

Covering

41
Q

What does xylem do?

A

Transports water

42
Q

What does phloem do?

A

Transports food

43
Q

What term describes roots that are not in the soil?

A

Adventitious

44
Q

What area of the root gives rise to root branches?

A

Endodermis

45
Q

What area of the root gives rise to root hairs?

A

Epidermis

46
Q

List the 4 areas of the developing root

A

root cap, region of cell division (mitosis), region of elongation, and region of maturation

47
Q

How can the region of elongation be differentiated from the region of maturation?

A

At the first root hair

48
Q

Which region of the developing root is the meristematic region?

A

Region of mitosis/cell division

49
Q

Are roots higher in cortex or pith?

A

Cortex

50
Q

What does “imbibe” mean?

A

To drink

51
Q

What structure is unique to roots?

A

Have a cap, endodermis, and hairs

52
Q

What does heliotrophic mean?

A

They track the sun

53
Q

What is humus?

A

Rotting organic matter

54
Q

How do leaves “insulate” the soil?

A

Leaf litter covers the soil

55
Q

Differentiate between simple and compound leaves.

A

Simple leaves have one blade and compound leaves have many blades

56
Q

What is the largest leaf?

A

Raffia palm (65 feet)

57
Q

What is the smallest leaf?

A

Aspargus (microscopic)

58
Q

What does pinnate mean?

A

Featherlike

59
Q

What does palmate mean?

A

Finger of the palm

60
Q

What group of plants have parallel veination?

A

Monocots

61
Q

What group of plants have branched veination?

A

Dicots

62
Q

What living plant has dichotomus veination?

A

Gingko

63
Q

What does dichotomus mean?

A

Fork

64
Q

Is a hickory leaf simple or compound?

A

Compound

65
Q

What are the two areas of leaf histology?

A

Dermal tissue and mesodermal tissue

66
Q

What are the two layers of the dermal tissue?

A

Epidermis and cuticle

67
Q

What secretes the cuticle?

A

Epidermis

68
Q

What does the cuticle do?

A

Prevents desiccation

69
Q

What group of plants have bulliform cells?

A

Monocot leaves

70
Q

What do guard cells surround?

A

Stoma

71
Q

What is the function of stoma?

A

Absorbs gas

72
Q

What are the two regions of the mesoderm?

A

*

73
Q

What is the function of the palisade region?

A

Photosynthesis

74
Q

What is the function of the spongy region?

A

Gas exchange

75
Q

What are pitcher plants?

A

Plants that traps and eats insects

76
Q

What is a fascicle?

A

“Bundle”

BIO II (6 decks)

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