Test 2 Plant Reproductive Strategies Flashcards
What is the literal meaning of Angiosperms?
“Vessel” “Seed”
What do all Angiosperms have in common?
They produce flowers and fruits
How many species of Angiosperms are there?
240k
What are the two groups of Angiosperms?
Monocots & Dicots
What is the definition of a flower?
Sexual reproductive structure of plants, especially of angiosperms (flowering plants)
What are monoecious flowers?
Monoecious plants have male flowers and female flowers in separate structures on the same plant. “Mono” means one - and the term “monoecious” is literally “one house”. The same plant houses different flowers, some being male the others being female
What are complete flowers?
A flower having sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils is complete; lacking one or more of such structures, it is said to be incomplete
What are bisexual flowers?
One that possesses both male (pollen-producing) and female (seed-producing) parts;
What are dioecious flowers?
Dioecious plants house the male and female flowers on different plants. So not only does the plant have separate male/female flowers, they have male plants (with only male flowers) and female plants (with only female flowers).
What are incomplete flowers?
A flower having sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils is complete; lacking one or more of such structures, it is said to be incomplete.
What are unisexual flowers?
Possesses either stamens or carpels but not both. A plant may be unisexual (dioecious), possessing only male flowers or female flowers; or it may be monoecious with male and female reproductive organs borne in the same flower or in different unisexual flowers but on the same plant.
What is the inflorescence of a dogwood tree?
Head
What is the difference in a sterile and reproductive flower series?
Sterile don’t make pollen or egg.
What is a calyx? What is its function?
The outer and first part of the flower. Petals and everything else forms in the calyx until it it ready to bloom.
What are sepals that look like petals called?
Tepal
What are the leaves that look like petals called?
Bracts
What is the corolla?
The petals of a flower, typically forming a whorl within the sepals and enclosing the reproductive organs.
What is the perianth?
The outer part of a flower, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and corolla (petals).
LM: of Androecium?
House of man
2 parts of the stamen
Anther & filament
What is the function of the anther?
Make pollen. Tip of the flower’s stamen (male reproductive organs) - it contains pollen
What is the literal meaning of Gynoecium?
Female house
What are the 3 parts of the pistil?
Stigma, neck or style, and ovary
What is the function of the ovary?
Where egg matures. Enlarged base.
What is the name of an ovary that is above the leaf?
Superior or epigynous
What is the name of an ovary that is below the leaf?
Inferior or hypogynous
What is a fruit?
Ripened ovary
Do oaks and hickories have fruit?
Yes
What is a dehiscent and indehiscent fruit?
Dehiscents split open and idehiscents do not split open
What is the pericarp?
Outside of the fruit. Around the carpal
Which fruit type is most abundant?
Legume
Which part of a peach is the exocarp?
Skin
Which part of the peach is the mesocarp?
“fleshy” part
Which part of the peach is the endocarp?
Pit/seed
Is the endocarp ever edible?
yes
What do the pepo and hesperidium have in common?
Both are berries
What are false fruits?
Accessory fruits
Why is it said that a tomato is a fruit sold as a vegetable?
Botanically a fruit but is taxed as a vegetable
How do fruits help plants spread their seed?
Pass in digestive system, hitch a ride, get discarded.
Why is the peanut not a nut?
Legume
What is the literal meaning of angiosperm?
Seed in a vessel
Who was the magnolia named for?
Pierre Mangol
What is the name of the female gamete?
Female gametes are also called eggs or ova.
What is the name of the male gamete?
Sperm
How many cells in a pollen grain?
At least one
What are the two stages of an angiosperm life cycle?
Gametic, sporic (life cycle of “all” land plants)
Name some pollinators of angiosperms.
Bees, bats, wind, water, birds, humans
What two cells are fertilized during double fertilization?
Egg & polar nuclei
Where do microspores develop?
Anther
Where do megaspores develop?
Ovule
What is a megaspore mother cell?
Gerative egg cell. MC divide to form the megaspore, 3 die.
What is a polar nucleus?
When the two cells fuse in a mature egg
What are antipodals?
3 cells away from the egg
What are synergids?
2 cells adjacent to the egg that nourish
What is the micropyle?
Opening to the carpal (where sperm enters to fertilize)
What is the family of the buttercup?
Ranunculaceae
What is the family of the laurel?
Lauraceae
What is the family of the poppy?
Papaveraceae
What is the family of the mustard?
Brassicaceae
What is the largest family of dicots?
Legumes
What is the name of the pea family?
Legume
What is a lactifer?
Sapp that looks like milk. Rubber plant.
What is the name of the cactus family?
Cactaceae
What is the name of the nightshade family?
Solanaceae
What is unique about nightshades?
All poisonous
Do nightshades have vines?
Yes
What is the name of the carrot family?
Apiaceae
What is the name of the sunflower family?
Asteraceae
What is the largest family of angiosperms?
Poaceae
What is the family name of the grasses?
Poaceae
Examples of grasses?
Corn, wheat, rice, barley, and millet
What is the name of the lily family?
Liliaceae
What is hemp?
Fibrous durable plant. Clothes, ropes, etc
What family has most grains?
Poaceae aka Grass
