Test 2 neurophysiology

Question 1

Study back of papers

Answer 1

ok

Question 2

what are the ideal properties of LA*

Answer 2

non irritating to tissue
no irreversible change
low systemic toxicity
effective topically and injection
rapid onset
long duration
non allergenic
stable in solution
sterilizable

Question 3

toxicity

Answer 3

harmful effect of a drug, unwanted, sometimes extension of theraputic effect, overdose, side effect

Question 4

impulse

Answer 4

a message an action potential, travels from one area of body to another via nerve

Question 5

stimulus

Answer 5

change in environment that alters balance of permeability of nerve cell membrane

Question 6

what kinds of stimulus are there

Answer 6

chemical
thermal
mechanical
electrical

Question 7

threshold

Answer 7

amt of stimulus necessary to initate an impulse

Question 8

efferent

Answer 8

motor

Question 9

afferent

Answer 9

sensory- in

Question 10

what constitutes the greatest anatomic barriers to diffusion in a peripheral nerve

Answer 10

perinurium and perilemma

Question 11

what are the mantle fibers

Answer 11

they are the first to numb and the first to un numb

Question 12

what are core fibers

Answer 12

in IA how antereiors get numb

Question 13

what is the resting potential

Answer 13

-70 mV means it is polarized

Question 14

what is depolarized

Answer 14

+40

Question 15

what is repolarization

Answer 15

40 to -70

Question 16

What is the proposed mechanism of action of LA

Answer 16

displacement of calcium ions from the sodium receptor site

Question 17

what is the lack of development of a propagated action potential

Answer 17

conduction blockade

Question 18

what is the sodium pump AKA

Answer 18

ATP gates

Question 19

what is the pH of a nerve ALWAYS

Answer 19

7.4

Question 20

where does the acidity change

Answer 20

around a nerve

Question 21

the higher a pKa number the ______ the onset

Answer 21

slower

Question 22

the slower an anesthetic takes to work the slower it takes to

Answer 22

become un numb

Question 23

what receives stimulus in a nerve

Answer 23

dendrite

Question 24

what is subthreshold

Answer 24

when it reaches -65 mv… light stimulus but nothing happened

Question 25

what is threshold

Answer 25

-60 mv.. voltage gates opened,depolarization

Question 26

how quickly does polarization to depolarization to repolarization happen

Answer 26

1 millisecond. .001, thousandth of a second

Question 27

when Na makes the inside of the nerve -60 what has been reached

Answer 27

action potential

Question 28

what opens when action potential has been reached

Answer 28

na starts to flood in faster than k can get out

Question 29

what is sodium equilibrium

Answer 29

+40

Question 30

what doesnt lose its strength along the way

Answer 30

action potential/impulse propagation

Question 31

what is the only channel in a cell that requires energy to work

Answer 31

ATP channels

Question 32

the _______ the nerve the faster the impulse is sent

Answer 32

larger

Question 33

_____ cant get inside the nerve only ________

Answer 33

RNH

RN

Question 34

When RN gets inside of nerve it turns into

Answer 34

RNH

Question 35

what does RNH have a high propensity for

Answer 35

Calcium

Question 36

What controls the gates

Answer 36

Calcium

Question 37

What does RNH do

Answer 37

kicks calcium off of gates, turns them off, which means there is no action potential