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Biology- 100 > Test 2 (midterm) > Flashcards

Test 2 (midterm) Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What bonding does primary structure show?

A

Peptide bonds

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1
Q

What type of structure does a polypeptide show?

A

Primary structure

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2
Q

What bonding does secondary structure show?

A

Peptide bonds and hydrogen bonds

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3
Q

What happens when too much heat is applied to a protein?

A

The three dimensional structure unfolds, and the protein loses its shape, or denatures. Therefore, the protein loses its function

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4
Q

What is the bond called between two amino acids?

A

Peptide bond

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5
Q

How can a protein denature?

A

Too much heat is applied or the protein is in the wrong pH

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6
Q

What do all amino acids have in common?

A

Alpha carbon, non-R group hydrogen, carboxyl group, and amino group

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7
Q

What changes between different amino acids

A

The R-group

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8
Q

What is the ratio of carbon:hydrogen:oxygen in carbohydrates?

A

1:2:1

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9
Q

Name two monosaccharides

A

Glucose and fructose

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10
Q

What is the formula of glucose?

A

C6H12O6

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11
Q

What are isomers?

A

Molecules with the same formula but different chemical structures

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12
Q

Name two disaccharides

A

Sucrose, lactose

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13
Q

What are the three complex carbohydrates?

A

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen

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14
Q

Which polysaccharides are part of plants?

A

Cellulose and starch

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15
Q

What is the purpose of starch?

A

Energy storage

16
Q

What is the purpose of cellulose?

A

Plant structure

17
Q

What is the purpose of glycogen?

A

Energy storage in animal liver and muscle

18
Q

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?

A

A monosaccharide

19
Q

What are isomers?

A

Molecules with the same chemical formula but different structures

20
Q

What is the monomer of a protein

A

An amino acid

21
Q

What determines the chemical properties of an atom

A

Valance electrons

22
Q

Name two isomers

A

Glucose and fructose

23
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons

24
Q

What does glucose plus glucose equal (formula-wise)?

A

C12H22O11 + H2O

25
Q

What are the two important properties of organic molecules?

A

Arrangement of the carbon skeleton and functional groups

26
Q

What is the chemical formula of the hydroxyl group?

A

-OH

27
Q

What is the chemical formula of the carbonyl group?

A

-C=O

28
Q

What is the chemical formula of the carboxyl group?

A

O
||
-C-OH

29
Q

What is the chemical formula of the amino group?

A

-NH2

Biology- 100 (4 decks)

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