Test 2: Earthquakes and Tsunami Flashcards
What was the pre-cambrian era
the earliest part of Earth’s history
what is the plume area
An area in air, water, soil, or rock containing pollutants released from a single source that spreads due to wind, currents, or gravity
what is a convection current
A current in a fluid that results from convection.
what is bathymetry
Bathymetry is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors, lake floors, or river floors.
what is pillow lava
Lava which has solidified as rounded masses, characteristic of eruption under water.
what is the cascadia subduction zone
A 960 km fault at a convergent plate boundary, about 100–200 km off the Pacific coast, that stretches from northern Vancouver Island in Canada to Northern California in the United States.
What is a shield volcano?
a volcano made up of mostly magma
what is lava
a class of rocks formed when magma cools
what is magma
super heated molten rock
what is a caldera
a surface depression typically filled with magma
what is a crater
a small hollow made by explosive activity at the top of a volcano
what is a conduit/pipe
an internal pipe-like scructure where magma flows
what is a cinder cone
a cone structure formed by volcanic ash and cinders
what is a sill
a zone of cool magma which extends sheet like a floor underground
what is a dike
a zone of cool magma which extends vertically like a wall underground
what is a pluton
a zone of cooled magma much like an underground lake
what is a laccolith
a zone of cooled magma injected between two rock layers
what is a magma chamber
a large underground area of molten rock
what is a palisade
an above ground ridgeline formed from exposed dikes and sills
what is lava flow
active flowing lava
what is a lava field
a cooled formerly flowing magma of relatively horisantal ground
