Test 2 Diabetes Medications Flashcards
Regular Insulin
Humulin R, Novolin R
Short-acting insulin
Lispro
Humalog
Rapid-acting insulin
Aspart
Novolog
Rapid acting insulin
Glulisine
Apidra
Rapid acting insulin
NPH
Humulin N, Novolin N
Intermediate acting insulin
Cloudy
Glargine
Lantus
Longer-acting Insulin
Clear at pH 4
Don’t Mix with formulations that have a different pH (precipitates)
Detemir
Levemir
Longer-Acting Insulin
Fatty acid (myristic side chain) binds albumin
Degludec
Tresiba
Ultra long acting insulin
glutamic and hexadecanedioic side chains increase lipophilicity and cause protein binding
Ryzodeg
70% degludec and 30% aspart
Long acting insulin
Exenatide
Byetta
GLP-1 agonist
↑ insulin secretion, ↓ glucagon release, delays gastric emptying, ↓ food intake, and normalizes fasting and postprandial insulin secretion
Severe renal impairment: should not be used
DDI: May delay the absorption of other medications
Boxed Warning: Risk of thyroid tumors
Liraglutide
Victoza
GLP-1 agonist
↑ insulin secretion, ↓ glucagon release, delays gastric emptying, ↓ food intake, and normalizes fasting and postprandial insulin secretion
Renal Impairment. No dose adjustment, but use with caution
DDI: May delay the absorption of other medications
Boxed Warning: Risk of thyroid tumors
Albiglutide
Tanzeum
GLP-1 agonist
↑ insulin secretion, ↓ glucagon release, delays gastric emptying, ↓ food intake, and normalizes fasting and postprandial insulin secretion
Renal Impairment. No dose adjustment (Decreased renal clearance due to bigger size)
DDI: May delay the absorption of other medications
Boxed Warning: Risk of thyroid tumors
Dulaglutide
Trulicity
GLP-1 agonist
↑ insulin secretion, ↓ glucagon release, delays gastric emptying, ↓ food intake, and normalizes fasting and postprandial insulin secretion
Renal Impairment. No dose adjustment
DDI: May delay the absorption of other medications
Boxed Warning: Risk of thyroid tumors
Lixisenatide
Adlyxin
GLP-1 agonist
↑ insulin secretion, ↓ glucagon release, delays gastric emptying, ↓ food intake, and normalizes fasting and postprandial insulin secretion
Mild to moderate renal impairment: No dose adjustment
DDI: May delay the absorption of other medications
Boxed Warning: Risk of thyroid tumors
Pramlintide
Symlin amylin agonist Reduction of postprandial rise in glucagon Prolongation of gastric emptying Reduction of caloric intake