Test 2 - Clotting

Question 1

Three phases of hemostasis

Answer 1

formation of a platelet plug, coagulation, fibrinolysis

Question 2

Formation of a plug (3)

Answer 2

Platelet: adhesion, activation, aggregation

Question 3

Vwf

Answer 3

protects coag factor 8

Question 4

Vwf binding site

Answer 4

Glycoprotein 1b

Question 5

What makes Vwf bind to platelets?

Answer 5

change in shear rate

Question 6

vWF coagulation via

Answer 6

glycoprotein VI receptor and A2B1 integrin

Question 7

most common congenital bleeding disorder

Answer 7

vWF

Question 8

Treatment of vWF

Answer 8

DDAVP or other clotting shit we use

Question 9

Platelet activation at site

Answer 9

activated by agonists - collagen, thrombin, ADP, epinepherine

Question 10

Platelet activation basics

Answer 10

change in morphology, release contents of alpha grannules - ADP, serotinin, factor V, factor VIII, vWF, Fibrinogen

Question 11

What signals from the damaged site?

Answer 11

collagen and vWF

Question 12

After binding (basics) what happens?

Answer 12

they undergo degranulation * release cytoplasmic granules (seratonin, adp, thromboxane A2)

Question 13

Serotonin function

Answer 13

vasoconstrictor

Question 14

ADP signals

Answer 14

more platelets to the area

Question 15

Thromboxin promotes

Answer 15

platelet aggregation & degranulation & vasoconstriction

Question 16

When platelets keep sticking what happens?

Answer 16

Thromboxane and ADP keep signaling even MORE platelets.

Question 17

^ this forms

Answer 17

a platelet plug

Question 18

1st factor damage tissue releases

Answer 18

factor III

Question 19

Factor III + Ca =

Answer 19

Factor 7, initiating the extrinsic mechanism

Question 20

Facor XII from activated platelets or collagen

Answer 20

(12 )to 11 to 9+8 , initiating the intrinsic mechanism

Question 21

Factor 7 from extrinsic and 9 from intrinsic form

Answer 21

factor X

Question 22

Factor X + 3 + V + Ca + PF3 activates

Answer 22

prothrombin activator

Question 23

prothrombin activator activates

Answer 23

prothrombin to thrombin

Question 24

Thrombin converts

Answer 24

fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 25

Fibrin forms

Answer 25

a loose mesh on platelet patch

Question 26

Which factor forms cross links on fibrin?

Answer 26

13. forms stabilized fibrin13

Question 27

What gets caught in this mesh?

Answer 27

more platelets and blood cells

Question 28

Apsrin inhibits

Answer 28

synthesis of thromboxin a2

Question 29

Thromboxin function

Answer 29

platelets to change shape, release granules, aggregate

Question 30

Heparin binds to

Answer 30

anti-thrombin, creating a conformational change, ^ inactivation properties (from slow to rapid)

Question 31

Heparin-antithrombin complex inhibits

Answer 31

factor 7a (tissue factor) 9a, 10a 2a (happen to be the calcium and K factors)

Question 32

zymogen

Answer 32

pro-enzyme

Question 33

Vit K factors

Answer 33

9 10 7 2 (7 + 2 = 9, 0K?) 0k (zero k)

Question 34

vitamin k function

Answer 34

catalyzes carboxylation of glutamic acid which metabolizes to gamma-carboxyglutamic acid. deters factors from binding to Ca, thus inhibiting their activation

Question 35

Purpose of vitamin K

Answer 35

makes it possible for the factor to bind to calcium

Question 36

Coumadin inhibits carboxylation of vit k factors

Answer 36

prevents ca from binding. Renders them inert

Question 37

hemophilia a

Answer 37

defect of f8

Question 38

hemophilia b

Answer 38

def of 9

Question 39

Hemostatic actions of thrombin

Answer 39

clevage fibrinogen to fibrin. Activates 13 to cross link fibrin, activates platelets, activates V VII VIII IX, activates fribrinollysis inhibitor, stim production of TF(f7)and vWF. Stims subendothelial smooth muscle constriction

Question 40

coagulation initiation factors

Answer 40

x via 7, 9 via 7

Question 41

coagulation amplification factors

Answer 41

2a 11a

Question 42

propagation

Answer 42

9a 10a via 2a

Question 43

regulation of coagulation (3)

Answer 43

TFPI, AT, PC

Question 44

TFPI

Answer 44

Tissue factor pathway inhibitor, inhibits 7, 7&10 complex

Question 45

AT

Answer 45

atithrombin inhibits 10a and thrombin

Question 46

PC

Answer 46

Protein C inhibits Fva and FV8

Question 47

How Heparin works

Answer 47

binds to AT and shifts it from a slow to rapid inhibitor of thrombin

Question 48

Neonates have low levels of both…

Answer 48

procoagulant and anticoagulant

Question 49

neonates have a well balanced

Answer 49

hemostatic system

Question 50

Neonate platelet counts = __% adult values

Answer 50

100

Question 51

contents of platelet dense granules

Answer 51

50% of adult

Question 52

fetal form of fibrinogen

Answer 52

less dense

Question 53

plasminogen of neonates ___ adult value

Answer 53

50%