Test 2: Civilization Flashcards
when did civilization occur?
3,000 bc
what is civilization?
a highly organized social order
what do all the civilizations have in common?
- ) formed cities near river valleys
- ) well-organized governments
- )complex religion
- ) Job specialization
- ) Social classes
- ) public works
- ) art + architecture
- ) systems of writing
what happened to neolithic farming villages?
the advanced to cities because of the food surplus
what were the river valleys where the early civilization settled within
Tigris and Euphrates- (Mesopotamia)
Nile river- Egypt
Indus River- India
Huang-He (yellow river)- China
where is the tigris and Euphrates located?
Mesopotamia
Where is the Nile River located?
Egypt
Where is the Indus river located?
India
Where is the Huang-He (yellow river) located?
China
Why did the people settle near rivers?
these conditions favored farming, rich soil
what does Mesopotamia mean?
Land between the rivers
what rivers are in Mesopotamia?
Tigris and Euphrates
What is the ancient middle east today?
present day Iraq
What is Mesopotamia called?
- fertile cresent, cradle of civilization
- arc of land with rich soils and wheat
Where are the fields located in Mesopotamia?
Persian gulf to the eastern mediterranean coast
Few _____ and ______ exist in Mesopotamia
few natural barriers and boundaries exist in Mesopotamia
_____ of people and ______ exist in Mesopotamia.
crossroads and people and ideas exist in Mesopotamia
What is Ancient India known for?
Indus River valley
What is Ancient India today? (present day)
Pakistan
what were the 2 ancient cities that were excavated in Ancient india?
Harappa
and
Mohenjo- Paro
What are rivers known as in Ancient India?
“lok-mata”
what does “lok-mata” mean?
Mother of the people
What river is essential to life in present day India?
Ganges River
What river is in Ancient China?
Huang He (yellow river)
What is it called the yellow river?
Loess-fine, windblown yellow soil
How did flooding occur in Ancient china?
the sand settled at the bottom of the river and it caused flooding, starvation, and destroyed crops
what is the yellow river known as?
river of sorrows
What is the location Chinas 1st civilization?
the Shang
What became a populated region in Ancient China?
Yangzi River
What river is located in Ancient Egypt?
Nile river- essential to life then and now
describe the delta
“black land”- fertile, rich irrigated land
Where did most people live?
near the delta
What happened to the early floods in ancient egypt?
it soaked lands with eater and silt
What was ancient Egypt known as.
“bread basket” of ancient world
What was harvested in ancient Egypt?
wheat and papyrus
What was wheat and papyrus used to make?
rope, sandals, baskets, and paper
What were the 3 leaderships in Mesopotamia?
- kings/emperors
- hammurabi
- Nebuchadnezzar
What three leaderships are in China?
- Dynasties
- “Mandate of heaven”
- Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han
What four leaderships are in Egypt?
- Pharaohs
- Queen Hatshepsut
- Akhenaton
- Tutankhamen, Nefertiti
What two leaderships are in India?
- Rajahs/ empires
- Aryans, majrya, gupta
