fome Flashcards
who was rome founded by
romulus and remus
who were the ancestors of the romans
latins, greeks and Etruscans
why did they migrate to italy
to farm
who got driven out from king in 509 BC
Etruscan
what did they vow what Etruscan was driven out
never to be ruled by a monarchy
describe the location of italy
peninsula centrally located in Europe
where does italy extend to
Mediterranean sea
where is rome located
center of italy
capital of italy
rome
rome nickname
the city set on seven hills (along tiber river)
what was the roman government after the monarchy
republic where officials are chosen by the people
republic government
supreme power rests with the citizens who elect leaders
why a repulic
it give equal power
senate
governing body made of 300 members
how long does a senate stay today
6 years
how many members are in a senate
300
how long did senates stay back then
forever
what kind of people were senates back then
wealthy landowners patricians
what were the 2 patricians called that elected to supervise government business and lead the army
consuls
consuls
elected to supervise government business and lead the army
how long did the consuls serve
1 year
what are our present day consuls
cabinet
what do consuls consult
consult with senate but could veto their decisions
veto
overrule
plebians
commons people (farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders)
what was the role of plebeians (vote wise)
they had little say in government and could hold high gov. positions and couldn’t marry patricians
what did the plebeians threaten to do
stop serving army
what did the patricians do when the plebeians threatened
allowed the plebeians to form their own assembly
tribune
officials in ancient rome, who were elected by the plebeians to protect their intrests
twelve tables
set up in the forum (marketplace) for all to see
overtime what happened to plebeians and patricians
equality
in time of war what did the senate do
chose a dictator
what control did dictators have over government
complete
what were dictators granted
emergency powers for 6 months then gave up powers
as rome grew, what happened to the officials
they were chosen to oversee; justice, city, government, and religious matters
censor
keep accurate list of all citizens (census)
when was the last current day cencus
2010
how often are censuses taken
10 years
legions
5,000 cictizen soldiers who were royal to rome
punic wars
3 wars fought with carthage
carthage
Phoenicians
where is carthage
city state on northern coast off africa (present day tunisia)
who led the war with elephants
hannibal
what did Hannibal bring that was unique to war
elephants
what is the other word for mediterranean sea
mare nostrum
when rome conquers the mediterranean sea, whats its nickname
our sea
by 44BC where did roman power extend to
spain to syria
after being a republic what does rome switch to
an empire
what were the 6 effects of the roman expansion
slaves, small farmers had to sell land, grain prices dropped, flock to rome for jobs, corruption greed and wealth gap, rome plagued with 100 years of civil war
what was Julius Caesars original job
military general
what did julius caesar bring under his control
Gaul (present day france)
what language did julius caesar spread
latin
who did julius defeat
pompey
what did julius do after he defeated pompey
move across Mediterranean where he encounters cleopatra who becomes and ally
what did julius caesar exclaim (famous quote)
Veni, Vidi, Vici
what does veni, vidi, vici mean
julius declares himself dictator for life
name all the original months (10)
martius, aprilis, maius, junius, quintilis, sextilis, September, october, november, december
what does quintilis become
julius
what does sextilis become
augustus
what were the 3 additional months
januarius, februarius, intercalaris
what does the ides of march mean
middle of march
when is the ides of march
march 15 44BC
what happened on thd Ides
assassination of Julius caesar
who was Julius assassinated by
the senate and his friend brutus
E tu Brute?
you to Brutus?
why did the senate kill him
julius gave to the poor and the senate was rich and it took away their power
marc antony
caesars chief general
octavian
great nephew of caesar
what did marc antony and octavian do for julius after he died
hunted down the murders which led to more fight amongst themselves
what does cleopatra do after julius’ death
loves marc antoney and wages war with him and ovtavian… tragedy strikes and both commit suicide
what happens to octavian after their suicides
become ruler
what does octavian change his name to
Caesar augustus
what does oftavian officially become
1st emperor of rome
what haplened under octavians rule
reoublic came to an end and roman empire begins
