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Therio > Test 2-Bovine > Flashcards

Test 2-Bovine Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial cause of abortion seen in rotting hay and silage

A

Listeria

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2
Q

When does Listeria cause abortion?

A

3rd trimester

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3
Q

How can you differentiate Listeria from Neospora?

A

Listeria has SICK cows

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4
Q

Describe the fetus infected with Listeria?

A

autolysed, necrotic foci

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5
Q

Which form of Lepto causes more severe disease, host adapted or non-host adapted?

A

Non host adapted

Abortion storm!

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6
Q

Easy way to remember which Lepto species is host adapted?

A

Has hardjo in the name

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7
Q

Drug that can help you collect Lepto for diagnosis?

A

Lasix

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8
Q

When do you vaccinate for Lepto?

A

Prevention and during outbreak (given with tetracycline)

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9
Q

Bacterial causes of abortion that are reportable?

A

Lepto

Brucella

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10
Q

Transmission of brucella?

A

mucous membranes

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11
Q

When does brucella cause abortion?

A

After 5m

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12
Q

Classic signs associated with Brucella?

A

Metritis and retained fetal membrane after abortion

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13
Q

This infectious cause of abortion causes the placenta to feel like moroccan leather…

A

Brucella

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14
Q

Which brucella vaccine does not interfere with diagnostic testing?

A

RB51

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15
Q

Who do you vaccinate for Brucella?

A

only the heifers! causes orchitis in bulls

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16
Q

Two organisms that cause early embryonic death?

A

Campylobacter/Vibrio

Trichomoniasis

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17
Q

How is vibrio transmitted?

A

Coitus

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18
Q

How can you differentiated vibrio from trich?

A

Vibrio does not affect conception

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19
Q

This infectious agent has delayed return to estrus as a clinical sign…

A

Vibrio

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20
Q

How do you diagnose vibrio?

A

Clark’s media

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21
Q

How do you treat vibrio?

A

Cull Bulls

Cows clear in 6m

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22
Q

When do you vaccinate for vibrio?

A

PREVENTION Before breeding season

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23
Q

When do you vaccinate for trich?

A

TREATMENT During infection, shortens treatment

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24
Q

Agent that causes granular vulvovaginitis?

A

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

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25
Q

Define EED

A

Fetal death before 8w

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26
Q

Define abortion

A

Death 56-260days of gestation

27
Q

Define stillbirth

A

Fetal death after 260d

28
Q

What is the most commonly diagnosed cause of viral abortion?

A

IBR

29
Q

Which form of IBR causes abortion?

A

Systemic, not venereal

30
Q

When does IBR cause abortions

A

4-8m, mid to late term

31
Q

Which type of transmission causes PI calves?

A

Vertical

32
Q

Which virus has PI calves?

A

BVDV

33
Q

When does abortion occur with BVDV?

A

Any time

34
Q

When must a fetus be exposed to BVDV to become a PI calf?

A

4-120d, before immunocompetence!

35
Q

What is the primary source of spread of BVDV?

A

PI calves

36
Q

How is BVDV spread?

A

Bodily fluids

37
Q

What is the gold standard for BVDV dx?

A

Virus isolation…but its expensive and maternal Ab’s interfere until 6m

38
Q

What is the most common method of BVDV dx?

A

Immunohistochemistry from ear notch…inexpensive, no false positives, tests for Ag not Ab

39
Q

What does Bluetongue cause?

A

teratogenesis

40
Q

Most common cause of fungal abortion?

A

Aspergillus

41
Q

Mycotic plaques are seen on the fetus when this infection is present…

A

Aspergillus

42
Q

When and from where does Aspergillus come?

A
  • Winter, Spring

- Moldy food

43
Q

What pattern will you see in a herd history from a herd infected with Trich?

A

Reverse stair step, this is the primary clinical sign!

44
Q

Cause of postcoital pyometra?

A

Trich

45
Q

How does the vaccine work for Trich?

A

Shortens recovery

46
Q

Source of neospora?

A

Ingestion of dog feces

47
Q

Toxin that causes crooked calf syndrome?

A

Poison hemlock

48
Q

This toxin affects cattle but does not affect small ruminants…

A

Lupines (anagyrine, ammodendrine)

49
Q

This toxin must be ingested for 4-6w for it to cause a problem…

A

Locoweed (astragalus, oxytropis, swainsonine)

50
Q

This toxin causes the most economic loss from a plant…

A

Locoweed

51
Q

This toxin causes hemorrhagic placentitis resulting in abortion in 50% of cows that ingest is…

A

Ponderosa pine (isocupressic acid)

52
Q

This toxin causes summer slump, resulting in infertility and decreased milk production

A

Fescue

53
Q

This toxin causes late term abortions

A

Nitrates

54
Q

Difference in hydrallmantois and hydramnios

A

Amnios is gradual accumulation of fluid, Allantois is during the last trimester

55
Q

Why can’t you drain extra dropsical fluid quickly?

A

Dehydration of the dam resulting in shock

56
Q

What is the source of progesterone during the first 150d of pregnancy?

A

Luteal

57
Q

Source of progesterone during 150-250d of pregnancy?

A

Placenta (and ovaries)

58
Q

Source of progesterone during the last month of pregnancy?

A

Luteal

59
Q

Drugs to induce abortion at day 5-150

A

PGF

60
Q

Drugs to induce abortion at day 15-240

A

25mg Dex, 25mg Lutalyse

61
Q

When you don’t know the stage of pregnancy, what drug protocol for abortion?

A

Dex+Lutalyse

Why? Works from day 5-283

62
Q

Abortion induced after this day will cause RFM and endometritis in over 80% of cows

A

120d

63
Q

How do you induce parturition?

A

Best: Dex+Lutalyse, but either alone will work during final month

Therio (2 decks)

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