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Science Sec 4 > Test 2: Bonds, Naming, Chemical Reactions, Moles > Flashcards

Test 2: Bonds, Naming, Chemical Reactions, Moles Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the octet rule?

A

Giving or losing valence electrons to make a full outer shell.

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2
Q

What is the duet rule?

A

When the full outer shell is 2 valence electrons.

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3
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

When positive metals attract negative non-metals.

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4
Q

What makes a positively charged ion?

A

When an element loses electrons.

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5
Q

What makes a negatively charged ion?

A

When an element gains electrons.

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6
Q

What’s a cation?

A

Positively charged ion.

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7
Q

What’a an anion?

A

Negatively charged ion.

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8
Q

What are the type of bonds that dissociate in water and thus make for excellent electrolytes?

A

Ionic bonds.

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9
Q

What do electrolytes do?

A

Conduct electricity in water

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10
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A

Non-metals sharing their valence electrons to obtain full outer shells.

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11
Q

What are the strongest types of bonds?

A

Covalent bonds.

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12
Q

What are the polyatomic ions?

A 
Carbonate (CO3 2-)
Nitrate (NO3 -)
Phosphate (PO4 3-)
Sulphate (SO4 2-)
Hydroxide (OH -)
Ammonium (NH4 +)
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13
Q

What are the bonds used in polyatomic ions?

A

Ionic bonds.

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14
Q

How do you name ionic compounds?

A

End the non-metal with “ide”.

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15
Q

How do you name covalent compounds?

A

Use a prefix in front of both elements and end in “ide” on the last element.

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16
Q

How do you name compounds with transition metals?

A

Metal (roman numeral of valence electrons) and non-metal ending with “ide”.

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17
Q

What’s the name of NaCl?

A

Sodium chloride.

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18
Q

What’s the name of Li2S?

A

Lithium sulfide.

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19
Q

What’s the name of CO?

A

Carbon monoxide.

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20
Q

What’s the name of N2O3?

A

Dinitrogen trioxide.

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21
Q

What’s the name of CuF2?

A

Copper (II) fluoride.

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22
Q

What’s the name of Fe2S?

A

Iron (III) sulfide.

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23
Q

What’s the name of Na2SO4?

A

Sodium sulfate.

24
Q

What’s the name of NH4Cl?

A

Ammonium chloride.

25
Q

What’s the name of Cu(NO3)2?

A

Copper (II) nitrate

26
Q

What’s the name of Al2 (SO4)3?

A

Aluminum sulfate.

27
Q

How do you find the formulas?

A

Cross over the charged ions (divide if possible).

28
Q

What is the formula of silicon and oxygen?

A

SiO2

29
Q

What is the formula of sodium and bromine?

A

NaBr

30
Q

What is the formula of magnesium and fluorine?

A

MgF2

31
Q

What is the formula of aluminum and oxygen.

A

Al2O3

32
Q

How do you determine charges on transition metals?

A

Figure out how many electrons the non-metal(s) need to get a full outer shell(s). Take into account how many transition metals are in the formula.

33
Q

What is the charge of gold in Au2S3?

A

3

34
Q

What is the charge of copper in CuF2?

A

2

35
Q

What is the charge of titanium in TiCl4?

A

4

36
Q

What is the charge of one iron element in Fe2S3?

A

3

37
Q

What is the charge of iron in Fe(NO3)3?

A

3

38
Q

What is the formula of manganese (IV) sulfide?

A

MnS2

39
Q

What is the formula of copper (II) ion with nitride ion?

A

Cu3N2

40
Q

What is the formula of iron (III) with bromine?

A

FeBr3

41
Q

What’s a physical change?

A

A change in state.

42
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

Forms a new substance.

43
Q

What is oxidation?

A

A reaction with oxygen.

44
Q

What is decomposition?

A

Bigger molecules break into smaller molecules.

45
Q

What is the conservation of matter?

A

Same amount of atoms at start and end.

4 Ag + O2 = 2 Ag2O

46
Q

What is a mole?

A

It is a unit of measurement (a number of atoms).

47
Q

What is Avogadro’s number?

A

6.02X10 to the power of 23 (particles)

48
Q

What’s atomic mass?

A

The mass of an element.

1 carbon = 12.01 2 carbons = 12.01X2 etc…

49
Q

What is molar mass?

A

grams/mol (molecular mass, atomic mass)

50
Q

How to you go from grams to moles to particles?

A

grams (molar mass) moles (avogadro’s number) particles

51
Q

Hoe many grams of B in 10 moles of B?

A

108.81 g

52
Q

How many moles in 100g of C?

A

8.33 mols

53
Q

How many particles in 20g of CO2?

A

2.709X10^23 particles of C2

54
Q

How many grams in grams of C2 in 2.15X10^19

A

8.58X10^-4 g of C2

55
Q

How many mols in in 1.25X10^6 particles of CO2?

A

2.08X10^-18 mol CO2

Science Sec 4 (9 decks)

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