test 2 abnormal Flashcards
1
Q
under the law a mental disorder is a condition that is all of the following except
a) internal
b) volitional
c) involuntary
d) stabe
A
B
2
Q
given a legal defination of mental disorder, would not normally be considered a mental disorder
a) schizophrenia
b) major depressive disorder
c) marijuana intoxication
A
C
3
Q
In canada, the issu of involunatry hospitalization is a matter of?
A
Civil mental health law
4
Q
the decision as to whether a person is not criminally responsibly on account of mental disorder is one aspect of
A
Criminal law
5
Q
the ancient common law principle parents is recongnized in all provinces EXCEPT?
A
Quebec
6
Q
ken is a welder who lives in toronto. he was diagnosed as being mentally ill, which specific criteria must be examined to determine whether he should be involuntarily committed to a psychiatric hospital?
A
whether or not his mental disorder will result in serious bodily harm to another person.
7
Q
civil commitment can only occur under all of the following circumstances EXCEPT?
A
A person is deemed in need of hospitalization by a family member
8
Q
perople who are civilly committed to a psychiatric hospital?
A
lose their rights just as those convicted of criminal offences do.
9
Q
the capable wishes prociple holds that
A
a pateints personal wishes reharding treatment should be giben the greatest weight in the decision- making process
10
Q
comparisons of voluntary and involuntary admissions have found that the primary diagnosis for most voluntary patients to be
A
mood disorder
11
Q
The most frequent age of onset for schizophrenia is?
A
late adolescence or early adulthood
12
Q
schizophrenia is a disorder that affects of a persons life?
A
chronic, every aspect
13
Q
the facial experssion of a person with schizophrenia would often?
A
lack expressiveness
14
Q
delusion,hallucinations,illogical thnking, incoherent speech, and bizarrebehavior are all characteristic of the ohase of schiziphrenia
A
acute
15
Q
the phase of schizophrenia marked by a slow, steady deterioration and gradual decine in function before clear-cut psychotic behaviors emerge is called the phases
A
prodromal
16
Q
when a person with schizophrenia returns to the level of functioning that was charateristic prior to their first psychotic episode, they are said to be in an phase?
A
residual
17
Q
the typical of phases through which schizophrenia progresses is
A
prodormal, acute , residual
18
Q
after the onset of schizophrenic episode, a full return to normal behavior
A
is uncommon, but does occur
19
Q
about percent of americans warrant a diagnosis of schizophreia at some point in their lives
A
1
20
Q
in men the most common age of onset for schiophrenia is between
A
18 and 25
21
Q
in women, the most common age of onset for schizophrenia is between
A
25-35
22
Q
compared to women, men have a risk of developing schizophrenia
A
slightly higher
23
Q
symptoms of schizophrenia represent the more flagrant symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations, delusion, bizzare beavior, and thought disorder
A
positive
24
Q
social withdreawal, poverty of speech and thought, flattened affect, and psychomotor retardation are?
A
negative
25
the dignosis of schizophrenia requires that sings of the disorder are present continuously for at least months?
6
26
the diagnosis for schizophrenia requires that active phase symptoms such as hallucinatuons, delusions, and disorganized or cataonic behavior must be present a significant amount of the time for at least.
3 months
27
false beliefs that remain fixed in a person mind despite evidence to the contrary are
delusions
28
the breakdown in the organization, processing, and control of thought is called a
thought disorder.
29
studies of deficiencies in event-related potentials suggest that schizophrenic individulas would have difficulty in
filtering out irrelevant stimuli
30
sensory images, perceptions, or disturbances that occur in the absence of external stimuli are called?
hallucinations.
31
the most common types of hallucinations are
auditory
32
drug induced hallucinations tend to be
visual
33
hallucinations seem to be realted to abnormalities in the production of in the brain
dopamine
34
emotional response in schizophrenic indiciduals is tyypified by affect
flat
35
people wth schizophrenia who show unusual mannerisms or grimacing or maintain bizarre strenuous postures for hours have a subtype of schizophrenia know as
cataonic
36
the subtype of schizophrenia characterized by hallucinations and systematized delusions that commonly involve themes of persecution is called
paranoid
37
the causes of schizophrenia are generally believed to be
biologically, psychological, social, and envirommental in nature
38
according to the text, the most prominent finding of pathology in the brains of schizophrenics is
a loss of the brain tissue
39
most people with schizphrenia is organized mental health settings are treated with
antupsychotic medication.
40
which oerson is most likely to develop an eating disorder?
18- year old female just out of college
41
abnormally low weight and an intense fear of gaining weight is
anorexia nervosa
42
binge eathing followed by self induced purgung is
bulimina nervosa
43
eating disprders are often accompained by the following disorders EXCEPT
schizophernia
44
there are major types of eating disorders?
2
45
fear of gaining weight and sitorted self image are characterstic of
anorexia nervosa
46
anorexia nervosa develops most commonly between the ages of?
12 and 18
47
not a criteria for anorexia nervossa in the DSM?
extreme loss of appetite
48
how much % do anorexial people losse of their original weight?
35%
49
what is not a medical complication from anorexia nervosa?
high blood pressure
50
amenorrhea refers to the which is a symptim of anorexia
absence or supperssion of menstruation
51
Impaired vision
is the only thing that is not a result from bulimia nervosa
52
Someone who is always getting sick and abuses laxatives is puting themself at risk for?
sudden death
53
what is the most important factor in the debelopment of a eating disorder?
social pressures and expectancies placed on young women to base their self- worth on their appearence
54
The BMI takes what?
weight and height
55
whats one thing that is not true about bulimia?
they never diated prior to the onset of bulimia
56
prozac and zoloft apear to episodes in patients with bulimia nervosa
decrease binge -eating
57
what is the more supported therapy for bulimia nervosa?
cognitive behavioral
58
when cognitive behaviral does not work what else do they use for bulimia ?
interpersonal
59
women with eating disorder more likely than other women to have experiences ?
childhood sexual or physical abuse.
60
excessively rigid patterns of nehavior or ways of realting to others. which ultimately becime self defeating because of their rigidity, are called
personality
61
the traits involved in personality disorders usually become evident in
childhood
62
each of the fillwoing is true of people with personality disorder EXCEPT
they do not generally perceive a need to chnage their nehaviors
63
the DMS lists personality disorders on axis
2
64
the DMS list individual persnality disorders
ten
65
people who hold grudges, have few friends , suspect their spouses of indidelity are what?
antisocial personality disorder
66
to recceive a diagnosiso of antisocial personality disorder a person must be at least
12 years of age
67
children under the age of 18 who exhibit antisocial behavior patterns may be suffering from
attention deficit
68
about of prison inmates could be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder
50%
69
gambling, drug abuse, engaging in unsafe sexual activity is what
a- historionic
b- narcissistic
c- borderline
c
70
```
which of the following emotions is most characteristic of a person diagnosed with borderline personality disorder ?
a- shallow
b- angry
c- callous
d- jovial
```
a
71
```
someone who is always center of attention she is highly dramtic, overmotional. spoiled, is what personality disorder?
a-histrionic
b-dependent
c- narcissitic
d-antisocial
```
a
72
```
someone who works all the time. does not care about the money or the job well done just cares about the attention and adulation they are personality
a- antisocial
b-histrionic
c- narcissistic
d-borderline
```
c
73
```
a psychological disorder characterized by failure to control impulses tempation, or drives resulting in harm to onself or others are disorder
a- personality
b-impulses control
c- affective
d-adjustment
```
b
74
```
someone who is always making sure everything is the way they like it, they are what personality disorder
a- schizotypal
b-avoidant
c-obsessive compulsive
d- histrionic
```
c
75
The two substances that have caused the most death through sickness and accident are_______
alcohol and tobacco
76
According to the DSM-IV,________ disorders refer to patterns of maladaptive behavior involving the use of psychoactive substances
substance use
77
Tracy has been using "crack" for two years. Her whole life is now oriented around trying to get more "crack" to feed her habit. She has even prostituted herself to get "crack" money. Although she has tried repeatdly to give it up, the "crash" is so intense and her cravings for the "rush" that "crack" gives her are so strong she just cant quit. Tracy's drug use is best described as substance
dependence
78
Gina has been using heroin for two years. Lately, she has found she must inject higher and higher dosages of the drug to get the same "high" she has come to except from her drug use. Her need for higher dosages is best described as
tolerance
79
Terrifying hallucinations of_________ frequentlyare present during deliruim tremens.
creepy, crawly animals
80
Each of the following is known to produce a withdrawl syndrome EXCEPT
a) cocaine
b) alcohol
c) LSD
d) nicotine
LSD
81
Sophie has used heroin to the point that she has developed a tolerance to it and experiences withdrawl symptoms when she tries to quit using it. She has become_______heroin
physiologically depndent on
82
________involves imparied control over the use of a drug without the physiological signs of dependence
psychological dependence
83
Which behavior is NOT typical of the routine use stage of drug dependence
a) lying
b) denial
c) recognition of the need for treatment
d) loss of attention to important matters in life
recognition of the need for treatment
84
Alcohol is classified as a(n)
depressent
85
Each of the following is true of alcohol effects on women EXCEPT
a) women have more of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the stomach than men do
b) alcohol may hit woment harder because they weigh less than men
c) alcohol seems to go to woments heas more rapidly than mens
d) women may be less to develop alcoholism because of tighter cultural restraints placed on them than on men
women have more of an enzyme that breaks down alcohol in the stomach than men do
86
The BEST prdictor of alcoholism or problem drinking in adulthood is
family history of alcpohol abuse
87
Alcohol is mmost similar in its biochemical effects to
benzodiazepines
88
______ is characterized by glaring confusion, disorientation, and memory loss for recent events
Korsaoff's syndrome
89
A childhood disorder characterized by facial features such as a flattened nose, widely spaced eyes, an underdeveloped upper jaw, mental retardation, and social skilld deficits is___________-
fetal alcohol syndrome
90
Barbituates________ create psychological dependence and_____create physiological dependence
rapidly, quickly
91
Which of the following is NOT true of barbituates
a) they have few side effrects when used in the long-term treatment of insomnia
b) they rapidly create psychological and physiological dependence
c) They are relaxing and can produce a mild state of euphoria
d) abrupt withdrawal from barbituates after tolerance has developed can produce fatal seizures
They have few side effects when used in the long-term treatment of insomnia
92
Which of the following is NOT an opioid?
a) codeine
b) phencyclidine
c) morphine
d) heroin
phencylidine
93
Opioids are classified as______
narcotics
94
Heroin is usually________
injected
95
The most potent form of amphetamine is_______
liquid methamphetamine
96
___________, a designer drug that is chemically similar to amphetamines, became a popular illicit drug during the 1990's at clubs and "raves"
Ecstasy
97
Cocaine is a(n)
stimulant
98
A method which intensifies the rush of cocaine by heating it with ether and then smoking it is called_______
freebasing
99
The stimulant in tobacco smoke which gives cigarettes their "kick" is
nicotine
100
Drugs that produce sensory distortions or hallucinations as their primary psychoactive effect are called_______
Hallucinogens
101
Which of the following is not a hallucinogenic drug?
cocaine
102
Flashbacks can occur days, weeks, or even years after taking_______-
LSD
103
Anxious people may be drawn to all of the following types of drugs EXCEPT
a) alcohol
b) cocaine
c) marijuana
d) sedatives
cocaine
104
Approximately____of all drug abusers relapse within a year of detoxification
50 percent
105
To alchoholics anonymus, alchoholics who have quit drinking are always seen as_______
recovering
106
alcoholics anonymous follows a________-step approach for treating alcohol abuse
12
107
Terri goes to a therapist for treatment of her substance abuse problem. Her therapist immediately besings teaching her new skills and self-control strategies, focusing on new ways of behaving rather than on possible underlying mechanisms which may have led her to use drugs. Her therapist is most likely a _______ therapist
Behavioral
108
Marta goes to a therapist fir treatment of her drinking problem. Her therapist teaches her to be more assertive in dealing with her "drinking buddies" who are always pressuring her to drink until she cant stand up. This technique is called
social skills training
109
Sarah goes to her therapist for treatment of her drinking problem. Her therapist teaches her methods to stop the drinking, which work quite effectively. Then, her therapist teaches her a series of techniques and skills designed to help prevent her from drinking again and to help her cope with high-risk situations and temptations she is sure to encounter. This approach is called_______
relapse prevention training
110
The most commonly diagnosed psyhological problem(s) in children age 6 to 17
are learning disabilities
111
Critics contend that we are overusing psychiatric drugs on children, particularly______
ritalin
112
Walter is a 13-year-old boy who tortures animals, picks fights with smaller boys, unerachieves in school, and talks about commiting suicide. His behavior problems suggest that he may have been_________
physically abused or neglected
113
Marcy is six years old. she dreads going to first grade because she worries all day that her parents are going to die while she is at school. she often worries so much that she develops nausea. At home, she clings to her parents, following them everywhere. she is deeply concerned about death and dying and wants her mommy to stay with her when she goes to sleep. She is suffering from__________disorder
seperation anxiety
114
suicide is_________ among younger children and younger adolescents
rare
115
which of the following is NOT one of the three diagnostic criteria from the DSM-IV which must be met for a person to be labeled mentally retarded
The person must be carecorized as a level 7 or level 8 one the general deterioration scale
116
the drugs of choice in treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder are_______
stimulants
117
The most common treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is______
pharmacological
118
A disorder which is unique to childhood is_____--
seperation anxiety disorder
119
about____percent of the general population is affected by mental retardation
1
120
Most children with mental reatardation fall in the_____range
mild
121
One in_______children suffers from a mental disorder severe enough to impair personal development
ten
122
Alex is nine years old. He has a poor self-image and is often involved in disruptive behavior at homoe or in school. Typically his behavior involves not following rules or doing what he is told. Interestingly, he almost never engages in behavior that hurts others or violates their rights. He just seems to have a difficult time accepting authority and developing positive relationships with those around him. He is suffersing from_____disorder.
conduct
123
Each of the following is a subtype of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder EXCEPT
a) predominatly inattentive type
b) a perdominantly impulsive type
c) a type that is neither predominantly inattentive nor impulsive
d) a type that is both inattentive and impulsive
a type that is neither predominantly inattentive nor impulsive
124
Each of the following is involved in the development of conduct disorder in children EXCEPT
a) negative, coercive family interactions
b) the use of harsh and inconsistent discipline for mis behavior
c) high rates of antisocial personality and substance abuse among parents
d) hypervigilance and over monitoring of childrens behavior by parents
hypervigilance and over monditoring of childrens behavior by parents
125
Young people in____are at greatest risk for commiting suicide
late adolescence
126
The majority of children with mental disorders_____
fail to obtain the treatment that they need
127
Children with________are literally incapable of contrilling their behavior and children with_______purposefully violate social norms and the rights of other
ADHD, conduct disorder
128
Stimulants used in treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder have been shown to do each of the following EXCEPT_____
a) increase academic achivement
b) decrease disruptive behavior
c) decrease impulsivity
d) sensorimotor disorder
increase academic achivement
129
A behavior disorder characherized by excessive motor activity and inability to focus one's attention is known as________
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
130
Which childhood behavior problem is least likely to result in treatment
depression
131
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is usually first diagnosed in
elementary school
132
To be diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, the disorder must persist for atleast_____months
6
133
Todd is six years old. His behavior is characterized by inattention, bullying, temper tantrums, stubborness, and fidgetting. He is easilt distracted, fails to finish anything he starts, often acts impulsicely, and requires constant supervision. He is constantly on the go, running and climbing on things, and he cannot wait his turn in fames or lines. He is suffering from______-----disorder
attention-deficit/hyperactivity
134
Oppositional defiant disorder nay be a precursor of________ disorder
conduct
135
Each of the following is a cognitive distortion common to children suffering from depression EXCEPT
a) expecting the worst
b) catastrophizing the consequences of negative events
c) blaming others for negative outcomes, even when it is unwarranted
d) selectivity attending to the negative features of an event
blaming others for negative outcomes, even when it is unwarranted
136
Electroconvulsive therapy
has recently opted for shorter courses of treatment
137
Dr. jones is developing a drug to treat cancer. He observes that one of the side effects of this drug is that it elevates a person's mood. A year later, this drug becomes an important tool in the treatment of depression. Discoveries of this type in science are
common as most physicians carefully monitoring a patients reaction to a drug have observed unanticipated benefits in other areas
138
Ken has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. As a psychiatrist, what can you perscribe to treat him
mood stabilizers
139
_________consist of strange muscular movements such as eye-twitching and tongue thrusting, whereas_______ include stooped posture, muscular ridgidity, a distinctive shuffling gait, and occasional drooling.
tardive dyskinesia; parkinsonian effects
140
You are a psychiatrist who is treating an elderly schizophrenic patient. You are worried about extrapyramidal effects and serious health risks, and would like to keep these at an abslute minimum. Which of the following drugs would you most likely prescribe
polanzapine
141
Which of the following best describes the current situation regarding prescription privileges for psychologists in Canada
The CPA has not taken a stand one the issue of prescription privileges
142
John has been seeing a psychotherapist for the past six months. Although the service provided has been average, john finds out that his psychotherapist has little or no professional training. What can he do to recify his situation
He cant do anything. He should have inquired into the training and background of his psychotherapist before singing on as a client
143
We can trace the roots of psychodynamic therapy to which of the following individuals
sigmund freud
144
Dave is hostile towards everyone. His therapist provides him with feedback indicating that his interpersonal style is perpetuating and provoking conflicts. He teaches Dave to interact with others in a more flexible and positive way. Which type of psychotherapy is Dave's therapist using
Interpersonal psychodynamic therapy
145
Carl Rogers developed client-centred therapy in the 1940s as an alternative to
psychoanaysis
146
Which of the following does not take place during client-centered therapy?
a client is diagnosed
147
Jane has a fear of dogs. Her therapist decides to gradually let her interact with some dogs in his presence until her fear disappears. This technique is known as
behavioural actication
148
Donald Meichenbaum developed________ to train individuals in effective strategies for talking themselves through difficult challenges
self-instructional training
149
Clinical psychologists are among the main providers of psychotherapy. Tjs most commonly endorsed orientation is
eclectic
150
Which of the following is false regarding psychotherapy
the canadian government ensures that all those who are most in need of psychotherapy, adequately receive such a service
151
Jack is concerned thast he is not getting the most out of his psychotherapy. He no longer feels depressed yet has only been to seven sessions. As an expert on treatment length, what would be the best advice you could give him
You should tell him that even though he feels cured he should continue to attend therapy sessions for a minimum of 13 to 20 sessions, as he will otherwise receive less than optimal benefit from therapy
152
According to the national institutes for clinical excellence (NICE), a person suffering from mild depression for the first time and seeking treatment should
be offered brief CBT
153
Comparisons of voluntary and involuntary admissions have ound that the primary diagnosis for most involuntary patients to be
psychotice disorder
154
The discretionary approach to violence risk assessment is largely____________, whereas the nondiscretionary approach is primarily________
subjective; objective
155
Ken is charge with first degree murder. He fully comprehends and remembers what he has done, yet shows no remorse and is unable to accept moral responsibilty for his actions. Ken should
be given a normal trial
156
Robert has assulted a neighbour. Even though he understands the act itself, he is declared, according to the M'Naghten standard, to be insane. Which of the following would most effectively help us judge the accuaracy of this claim?
Robert is unable to understand that the act is wrong
157
People who are unable to participate actively in their own defence due to mental disorder are
referred to as unfit to stand trial
158
The concepts "fit to stand trial" and "not criminlly responsible on account of a mental disorder (NCRMD)"
sre distinct and call for different questions to be anwsered
159
The fitness interview test (FIT-R)
Helps psychologists and psychiatrists assess whether an individual is fit to stand trial
160
which of the following is true regarding NCRMD
very few people charged with criminal offences clain to be NCRMD
161
The five general ethical prinicples stated in the code of ethics include all of the following EXCEPT
a) principle of beneficence
b) principle of autonomy
c) principle of fidelity
d) principle of science
e) prinicple of nonmaleficence
prinicple of science
162
Which of the following professionals is not qualified to determine whether a person meets the criteria for civil commitment into a psychiatric hospital
psychologist
