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Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychoanalytic theory was developed by?

A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

That only obeservable behaviour should be studied is the approach suggested by what school of thought in psychology?

A

Behaviourism

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3
Q

What is the meaning of the word diathesis?

A

A predisposition toward developing a disorder

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4
Q

What is the name of the space between neurons over which impulses travel from one neuron to another?

A

The synapse

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5
Q

Psychoanalysts view psychological problems as?

A

Rooted in early childhood experiences and unconscious conflicts

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6
Q

All of the following are examples of disturbances in neurotransmitters systems EXCEPT?

A

A neurotransmitter may be malformed

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT a brain imagining technique?*

A

ECT

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8
Q

`What mental disorder is thought to involve too much dopamine activity

A

schizophrenia

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9
Q

The part of the brain that plays a role in sensation and controls basic biological urges such as eating, drinking, and sexual activity is the

A

Hypothalamus

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10
Q

Which of the following terms refers to the idea that a psychological disorder may have several different causes?

A

Interactionist

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11
Q

Another term for the study of the causes of mental disorders is

A

etiology

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12
Q

What is the diagnostic system used by the American Psychiatric Association?

A

Diagnostic and Satistical Manual- lV

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13
Q

What axis/axes are used to dianose most personality disorders and clinical syndromes?

A

Axis l and ll

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14
Q

Critics of the DSM system have often claimed that is relies too heavily on the _____________ model of abnormal behaviour?

A

Medical

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15
Q

Axis Vof the DSM measures

A

Global Functioning

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16
Q

How many axes are employed in the multiaxial system of the DSM-lV-TR?

A

5

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17
Q

Which disorder is marked by severe debilitaion in thinking and perception?

A

Schizophrenia

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18
Q

The DSM-lV-TR can be characterized as

A

Descriptive and atheretical, it describes symptoms of abnormal behaviours rather than attemptinng to explain their origins

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19
Q

The co-occurence of two seemingly discrete disorders is known as__________

A

Comorbidity

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20
Q

Which of the following does NOT refer to an arguement against the kind of diagnosis used in the DSM?

A

The whole process is inheently unreliable

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21
Q

As a new edition of the DSM is being developed there is a position which advocates a new approach known as______

A

Dimensional

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22
Q

In order for a test to have______ validity it must include a representitive sample of behaviours thought to be related to the construct being measured?

A

Content

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23
Q

A way of looking at brain structure that uses X-ray is

A

CT

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24
Q

The Rorschach test is a psychological test that uses inkblots to

A

Reveal aspects of a persons personality

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25
Q

The first method of looking at brain function was the__________

A

CT

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26
Q

Some behaviourists ask individuals to keep track of their own behaviours, thoughts, emotions, etc., in a process known as

A

Self-monitoring

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27
Q

What is the most widely used personality inventory?

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2

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28
Q

All of the following are scales on the MMPI EXCEPT

A

Projection

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29
Q

In a correlational study the statistic most commonly used is the

A

r value

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30
Q

In this type of study subjects are not randomly assigned because a scientist is observing the results of naturally occuring behaviour

A

quasi-experiment

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31
Q

What cognitive factor, even if it is simply perceived and not real, can dramatically reduce the levels of anxiety reported by patients?

A

Control

32
Q

Twin studies and family studies indicate that some people develop panic disorders because of what?

A

Inherited predispositions

33
Q

Psychological interventions used in treating certain types of anxiety disorders include which of the following?

A

Systematic desensitization
relaxation techniques
cognitive therapy including decatastrophisizing

34
Q

The DSM-lV-TR includes all of the following as subtypes of specific phobia EXCEPT?

A

People

35
Q

All of the following are examples of “culture-bound syndromes” EXCEPT

A

Angst

36
Q

Currently generalized anxiety disorder is considered to be primarily_______ in nature

A

Cognitive

37
Q

In OCD the belief that having a particular thought is the moral equivalent of a particular action is known as

A

Moral thought-action fusion

38
Q

In panic disorder the initial panic attacks occur

A

Unexpectedly

39
Q

A model of the cause of anxiety disorders that suggests that evolution has endowed humans with a tendency to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli is known as the_______ model?

A

nonassociative

40
Q

Tricia performs elaborate rituals involved in washing her hands repeatedly throughout the day, but still feels her hands are contaminated with germs. Her hand-washing rituals are best described as__________

A

Compulsions

41
Q

At present, dissociative disorders are characterized by

A

Alterations of identity, memory, and consciousness

42
Q

Leanne experiences the sudden feeling of being detached from herself. The term best suited to describe her experience is

A

deperonalization

43
Q

Which of the following matches is incorrect?

A

Depersonalization disorder: presence of two or more personalities

44
Q

A disorder in which people are induced by therapists to remember events that have never occured is referred to as

A

false memory syndrome

45
Q

Wendy feels as though she is outside her body, observing her own behaviour. This experience is a symptom of

A

repressed memory

46
Q

_______ is the DSM-lV label for the disorder in which certain aspects of a person’s identity become detached or dissociated; it was formerly known as______

A

Dissociative identity disorder; multiple personality disorder

47
Q

The different unique personalities in an individual diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder are often referred to as

A

Alters

48
Q

Which of the following is NOT a somatoform disorder in the DSM-lV-TR?

A

Depersonalization

49
Q

Heather is deliberately faking symptoms of illness in order to gain attention of doctors. This behaviour is best described by the term

A

Factitiour disorder

50
Q

Sandra is experiencing a loss of vision for which her doctor can find no physical cause. The term best suited to describing her condition is

A

conversion disorder

51
Q

In somatization disorder, patients usually attributes their symptoms to

A

medical problems

52
Q

In conversion disorder

A

Symptoms are observed in voluntary motor or sensory functions that suggest neurological causes, but these cannot be comfirmed

53
Q

The term la belle indifference refers to

A

the lack of worry patients with conversion disorder display about their symptoms

54
Q

The DSM-lV-TR provides for a diagnosis of pain disorder

A

regardless of whether the patient also suffers from some medical condition

55
Q

There is some similaity between hypochondriasis and

A

Panic disorder

56
Q

Which of the following represents an overconcern about serious disease?

A

Hypochonriasis

57
Q

Joe is excessively preoccupied with the shape of his nose, and through he has had plastic surgery serveral times in order to alter its apperance, reamins dissatisfied. Joe is most likely suffering from which of the following

A

Body dysmorphic disorder

58
Q

Enduring states of feeling that color our physchological lives are called

A

Moods

59
Q

Disturbances in mood that are serious enough to impair daily functionsing are called

A

Mood disorders

60
Q

Disorders such as depression and dysthymia are___ in anture

A

unipolar

61
Q

Mood disorders, which involve mood swings from one extreme to another, are considered

A

bipolar

62
Q

Major depression cannot be diagnosed if a person shows a history of_______

A

Mania

63
Q

To be diagnosed with a major depressive episode, one experiences ethier depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in all things for a period atleast

A

Two weeks

64
Q

A state of unusual elation, energy, and activity is known as

A

mania

65
Q

A realively mild state of mania is

A

hypomania

66
Q

Family physicians have a tendency to

A

refer their depressed patients to mental health professionals

67
Q

Women are about nearly_____ times as likely as men to experience major depressive disorder during their lifetimes

A

Two

68
Q

Each of the following is true of major depressive disorder EXCEPT

A

Fewer than half of those who suffer an initial major depressive episode will eventually have a recurrence

69
Q

Which of the follwoing people is LEAST likely to develop major depression

A

an older, wealthy, married person

70
Q

Factors that place people at increased risk of developing major depression include all of the following EXCEPT

A

Religion

71
Q

Compared to women, men are___ likely to report depression and____ likely to seek treatment for it.

A

Less, Less

72
Q

Seasonal affective disorder is a subtype of____

A

major depressive disorder

73
Q

Postpartum “blues” typically last about

A

2 or 3 days

74
Q

During a manic episode, bipolar people almost always show a decreased need for_____

A

sleep

75
Q

The random assignment of subjects, an experimental group, a control group, and an independent variable would suggest

A

an experimental study

Abnormal Psychology (3 decks)

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