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Essential Science > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

People were/are made in the image of God

A

Genesis 9:6

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2
Q

Moses mentions the six days of creation

A

Exodus 20:11

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3
Q

Praising God for making heaven and earth

A

2 Kings 19:15

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4
Q

God’s hands made the sea and dry lands

A

Psalm 95:5

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5
Q

Remember the creator as a child

A

Ecclesiastes 12:1

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6
Q

Sense God created all things He sustains us

A

Isaiah 40:28-31

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7
Q

God’s creation failed Him and He regretted making them

A

Genesis 6:7

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8
Q

Induction, rather than deduction, is the way of truth

A

Francis Bacon

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9
Q

But induction can’t actually prove anything for sure

A

David Hume

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10
Q

We don’t have to prove things absolutely, we just mathematically establish that certain things are highly probable

A

Moritz Schlick

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11
Q

All mathematical proofs are incomplete, and can’t ultimately prove anything

A

Kurt Godel

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12
Q

We don’t have to prove things true. It is enough to prove certain things false

A

Karl Popper

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13
Q

Scientific theories last a long time and are viewed as useful even when they are proven false

A

Imre Lakatos

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14
Q

Then science then is nothing more than a religion

A

Paul Feyerabend

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15
Q

How could the parallel roads be formed?

A

By great floods, continents moving, or a glacial lakes

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16
Q

Rocks worn by glaciers are…

A

Polished smooth but with scratches

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17
Q

Which fact does NOT contradict the ocean explanation?

A

The terraces exists in several different valleys

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18
Q

What was “the use of this great engine” of glacier activity?

A

It formed soil

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19
Q

Which statement best describes Darwin’s theory about the parallel roads at Glen Roy?

A

He thought they were ocean beaches, but he was wrong

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20
Q

A legendary Scottish warrior that made the Glen Roy roads into hunting roads?

A

Finn McCool

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21
Q

Which best describes the nature of the parallel roads at Glen Roy?

A

They look man made, but they are naturally caused

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22
Q

What features of the parallel roads seen on Darwin’s map best suggests they are natural, not man made?

A

They follow the terrain all the way around this valley and other valleys nearby.

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23
Q

Why did Darwin think Glen Roy roads were made by the ocean?

A

The valley is open on one end, with a river running down to the sea.

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24
Q

Louis Agassiz did what?

A

Discovered that a glacier had blocked the end of the valley, forming a lake.

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25
Q

A uniformitarianist assumes that

A

the laws and processes of Earth have never changed

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26
Q

Who wrote “Natural Theology”?

A

William Paley

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27
Q

Who wrote Origin of Species?

A

Charles Darwin

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28
Q

What part of the human body did Darwin find hard to explain?

A

Eyes

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29
Q

When would creationists assume the ice age ended?

A

4,000 years ago

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30
Q

What is relativity?

A

Object moving very fast (not relativism)

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31
Q

What is quantum mechanics?

A

Objects that are very small

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32
Q

Who created the Theory of Relativity

A

Albert Einstein

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33
Q

What is the Theory of Relativity

A

the speed of light is the same but is not relative

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34
Q

What does quantized mean?

A

Comes in smallest steps or pieces

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35
Q

Lake Agassiz was located in?

A

Canada

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36
Q

One of these floods had nothing to do with glaciers. Which one?

A

Lake Bonneville

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37
Q

The conditions for an ice age are

A

high precipitation and low temperatures

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38
Q

Ellensburg is

A

A town in Washington state

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39
Q

What kinds of triangles with this triangulation method work for?

A

Only for right triangles (one angel equal to 90 degrees)

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40
Q

One of the following statements is NOT a lesson taught in this case study. Which statement does NOT belong?

A

If you know the distance to several distant objects, you can determine their directions.

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41
Q

“Particles” of light are called what?

A

Photons

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42
Q

Who was the most famous skeptic of the word non-casual interpretation of quantum mechanics? He was “interviewed” in the Science News special issue on quantum mechanics.

A

Einstein

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43
Q

`God was in the very beginning

A

John 1:1

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44
Q

God that made the world and everything in it and doesn’t live in temples made by man

A

Acts 17:24

45
Q

We can see God in creation so there is not excuse for us not to believe in Him

A

Romans 1:20

46
Q

God is the faithful creator and we should trust Him

A

1 Peter 4:19

47
Q

God is worthy and by His will all things exists

A

Revelation 4:11

48
Q

Greek astronomer summarized 700 years of science and philosophy about the heavens; thought the earth was a the center not the sun

A

Cladius Ptolemy

49
Q

Founder of modern astronomy and said the sun is in the center

A

Nicholas Copernicus

50
Q

Three laws of motion and gravity; discover how planets move around each other and that they go around the sun

A

Issac Newton

51
Q

Explained how scientific truth changes through time

A

Thomas Kuhn (The Structure of Scientific Revolutions)

52
Q

Logical Positivism: the belief that the only philosophical problems worth solving are ones that can be explained logically

A

The Vienna Circle

53
Q

Uses inductive reasoning

A

The Vienna Circle

54
Q

Scientific truth is not always objective truth; it is often colored by personal bias

A

Stephen J. Gould

55
Q

This work lead to people believing that there was a rational reason for everything in the universe

A

Clockwork Universe (Isaac Newton)

56
Q

This destroyed many previous certainties; proved conclusively that physical characteristics like length, mass, and time are relative to the velocity or gravity of where they are being measured

A

Relativity (Albert Einstein)

57
Q

Discovered quantum mechanics including describing how black bodies that absorb light eventually relate radiation

A

Max Planck

58
Q

Described structure of the atom, how the atom absorbs and emits quanta of energy

A

Niels Bohr

59
Q

Found that it is impossible to know the position and the momentum of an electron within the atom

A

The Uncertainty Principle (Werner Heisenberg)

60
Q

The universe is unstable and expanding therefore there may be a limit to what astronomers can learn about the physical universe

A

Edwin Hubble (the edge of space)

61
Q

The planck boundary is after the Big Bang until we can’t see time beyond that point

A

Max Planc (the edge of time)

62
Q

After the Big Bang the universe expanded really fast; tried to solve the problem how everything could come form nothing and by doing that created the possibility for multiple universes

A

Alan Gruth (multiple universe)

63
Q

Discovered irreducible complexity

A

Michael Behe (Darwin’s Black Box)

64
Q

Believed that the complex cells were the result of aliens

A

Francis Crick (directed panaspersia)

65
Q

Temporal (changing scientific truth), Logical (induction, empiricism), Cultural (racism, relativism), Spacial (Can’t see past Hubbles radius or before the Big Bang), Empirical (evidence of design)

A

5 limitations of science

66
Q

What are the three ultimate questions

A

Where did I come from? What is my purpose in life? What will happen when I die?

67
Q

What are the three pathways to truth

A

Religion, philosophy, and science

68
Q

Arrange by increasing weight left to right then top to bottom, elements in the same column, have similar properties

A

Periodic Table

69
Q

Chemical that triggers or speeds up other chemical reactions, is not used up

A

Catalyst

70
Q

Different forms of same atoms like O2 and O3 or diamond and graphite

A

Allotrope

71
Q

Possible causes of the little ice age

A

cyclical lows in solar radiation, changes in ocean circulation, low sunspot activity, volcanic activity

72
Q

Science is constantly changing

A

Temporal Limitations

73
Q

Science needs to be inductive but ca’t be proved absolutely

A

Logical Limitation

74
Q

Scientist are influence in a certain way by language and environment

A

Cultural Limitation

75
Q

There are things that we can’t see or know

A

Spacial Limitation

76
Q

We can have all the same evidence but come up with different conclusions

A

Empirical Limitation

77
Q

Many people are traveling to Idaho to view the eclipse because the weather there is typically clear in august

A

Climate

78
Q

Greenville has been in drought conditions since April and we are now 25 inches of rain below normal for the year

A

Weather

79
Q

Warmer temperatures could melt the ice caps raising sea levels by 20ft

A

Climate

80
Q

Who does official daily forecast

A

National Weather Service

81
Q

Who does daily climate forecast

A

Climate Prediction Center

82
Q

How long does recorded history go back

A

4-5 thousand years

83
Q

Is the speed of light relative

A

No

84
Q

Is time relative

A

Yes

85
Q

Here are some examples/observations

A

induction

86
Q

Here is a rule, apply it

A

deduction

87
Q

Our performed mindset

A

paradigm

88
Q

Uses probabilities rather than absolutes

A

Empiricism

89
Q

Mathematics is the solution to scientific truth

A

Positivism

90
Q

A language created with no reference to supernatural

A

Linguistics

91
Q

Has not frozen since 1814 has more salt water and has been narrowed so that it flows faster

A

Frozen Thames River

92
Q

Measured in gigaton or carbon per year

A

Greenhouse Gases

93
Q

0 Degrees Longitude and 51 Degrees North Latitude is located where?

A

Greenwich, England

94
Q

Other common name of the North Star

A

Polaris

95
Q

The name of the constellation just above the northern horizon in Sydney, Australia at 10:00 pm on New Years Day, 2011

A

Lynx

96
Q

What is the difference between Julian Date 2447094 and Julian Date 2447094.5?

A

Half a day, or 12 hours

97
Q

Many stars regularly vary in brightness. Suppose a star cycles from magnitude 5 at the start of a month to magnitude 8 at the end. What do observers of this star see?

A

For part of the month the star is visible to the naked eye, and for part of the month it is not

98
Q

Should you report a meteor sighting to the IAU Central Bureau?

A

Meteors are technically not astronomical events and so should not be reported

99
Q

Light years measure what?

A

Distance

100
Q

From a creation perspective, Supernova 1987A is important because

A

It appears to have happened before creation

101
Q

The idea that God created the light from SN1987A already on its way to the earth bothers some creationists. They are bothered because

A

God created light from an explosion that never happened- this seems illogical

102
Q

The fact that SN1987A has a ring is important because

A

It allows us to independently determine the distance

103
Q

A perfectly running internal combustion engine will produce only

A

H20 and CO2

104
Q

What element abundant in air is not needed for combustion and produces harmful byproducts?

A

Nitrogen

105
Q

What changes oxygen into ozone?

A

Sunlight

106
Q

The catalyst in a catalytic converter does what?

A

Promotes chemical reaction without being used up itself

107
Q

The “year without a summer” of 1816 is connected with what possible cause?

A

A volcano the previous year

108
Q

What was the largest widespread negative impact of the Little Ice Age cooling?

A

Famine due to crop failure

109
Q

How much cooler were average temperatures during the Little Ice Age?

A

2-3 degrees Celsius

Essential Science (2 decks)

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