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Intro to American Politics > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Sources of public opinion

A

access to info
time
motivated reasoning (bias)

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2
Q

Heuristics (framing effects)

A

mental shortcuts

“they are a dem so I like them”

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3
Q

Miracle of Aggregation

A

Individuals are not smart but groups are wise

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4
Q

Intransitive group preference

A

The more people there are, the more you can’t come to a conclusion for group opinion (ABC)

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5
Q

People’s opinions on facts based on opinion

A

opinion on employment rate depends on if you like Trump or not

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6
Q

R=P(B)-C+D

A

The Duty to vote is why people still vote

The probability your vote counts is very small

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7
Q

Median voter theorem

A

candidates place themselves in the middle of spectrums cus hen they get more voters

focuses on undecided voters

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8
Q

Ages 18-30 and turnout results

A

Only a few showed up and Republicans took over the house

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9
Q

Non voters usual stance

A

voters are more conservative than non voters

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10
Q

Why is the US voting turnout so low

A

not required
registration requirement
vote on work day
voter ID laws

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11
Q

PAC

A

campaign contributions from corporations, labor unions, and special interest groups directly to candidate-

limit 5,000

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12
Q

Super PAC

A

Super PACs can accept unlimited contributions for independent expidentures: for activities that are not directly to the candidate-

makes up most negative ads

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13
Q

Unit Rule

A

Winner take all- most states give all electoral college votes based on popular majority in the state

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14
Q

How many electoral college votes does Colorado have

A

9

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15
Q

Voting Rights Act effective now

A

section 2- states can be sued if they discriminate voting

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16
Q

Voting Rights Act section 4- pre clearance requirement

A

some states have to go to justice department and get approval to change state voting laws

based on a count from 1964

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17
Q

Shelby County vs Holder

A

tried to sue to reevaluate but never happened

18
Q

Incumbency advantage

A

people who were there before
House >90% chance of win
Senate >85% chance of win

Cus of money (sponsors), mailings, staff members and knowing the name

19
Q

Unlimited campaign finance

A

Can spend as much money as you want of personal expidentures

Independent expidentures can be unlimited

20
Q

Limited campaign finance

A

campaign contributions from other individuals to candidates

21
Q

How many electoral votes are there

A

538- 535 + 3 DC votes

22
Q

General election

A

regularly scheduled election for president or vice president or congress

23
Q

Special election

A

needed if somebody steps down from office

state or local level

24
Q

What happens if no presidential candidate receives the required # of electoral votes

A

House decides, each state gets one vote

senate decides VP

25
Q

Closed primary

A

party members choose the party’s candidate/ can only vote for their party in the primary

26
Q

Open primary

A

voters not forced to affiliate with a party

27
Q

Max amount of money a PAC can give a candidate

A

5,000

28
Q

challenger

A

the candidate challenging the incumbent

29
Q

Political efficacy

A

perception that someone has that their single vote will make a difference- more likely to participate and learn

30
Q

Citizens united

A

court case decided that companies and businesses have free speech and can donate to campaigns

31
Q

Opinion leader

A

The pastor of a church is considered this in the formation of public opinion

32
Q

This type of independent committee has been almost completely replaced by super PACs

A

527s

33
Q

Solid South

A

the tendency of southern states to vote Democratic after the Civil War

34
Q

Straw Poll

A

nonscientific poll with no way to ensure the accuracy of the results

35
Q

soft money

A

campaign contributions not regulated by the federal government

36
Q

absentee ballot

A

ballots that have significantly increased voter turnout in Colorado

37
Q

push poll

A

campaign tactic used to feed false or misleading information to potential voters

38
Q

Australian ballot

A

Secret ballot that is prepared, distributed, and counted by government officials at the public expense

39
Q

grandfather clause

A

clause in state law that restricted voting to people whose ancestors could vote before 1860

40
Q

house effect

A

Polling firm to consistency report results over one political party

41
Q

political socialization

A

Learning process through which most people acquire their political beliefs

Intro to American Politics (4 decks)

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