Test 2 Flashcards by Hakeem Samra

A set of rules specifying the legal and ethical use of a system and the consequence of non compliance

Acceptable use policy

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Refers to the issues involving both the users and the organizations responsibilities and liabilities

Accountability

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A method for binding all the parties to a contract

Nonrepudiation

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An unsolicited email sent for advertising purposes

Spam

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Small text files with unique ID tags that are embedded in a wb browser and saved on the users hard drive.

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Generated by the web server software to record a users actions on a web site

Log Files

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A legal umbrella covering protections that involve copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, and patents for creations of the mind. Developed by people or businesses

Intellectual property

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Information technology and internet have created what? Due to computers not being affordable for many people.

Digital divide

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Networks of independent companies, suppliers, customers, and manufacturers connected via information technologies so they can share skills and costs and have access to each other’s markets.

Virtual organizations

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A software that secretly gathers information about users while they browse the web.

Spyware

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A form of spyware that collects information about the user (without the users consent) to determine which advertisements to display in the users web browser.

Adware

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Sending fraudulent emails that seem to come from a legitimate source such as a bank or university.

Phishing

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Monitor and record keystrokes and can be software or hardware devices

Keystroke loggers

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An attempt to gain access to a network by posing as an authorized user in order to find sensitive information such as passwords and credit card info.

Spoofing

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Directing internet users to fraudulent websites with the intention of stealing their personal information.

Pharming.

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The unauthorized use of computer data for personal gain.

Computer fraud.

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A system must prevent disclosing information to anyone who is not an authorized user. This is called what?

Confidentiality

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Systems ensure availability in the event of a system failure by using a combination of hardware and software

Fault-tolerant

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This backup power unit continues to provide electrical power in the even of blackouts and other power interruptions.

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS)

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A collection of disk drives used to store data in multiple places. If one drive fails in this system data stored on it can be reconstructed from data stored on remaining drives.

Redundant array of independent disks (RAID)

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Use two disks containing the same data and can be a suitable RAID system for a small organization.

Mirror Disks

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Consists of self propagating program code that is triggered by a specified time or event.

Virus

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Travels from computer to computer in a network but it does not usually erase. They are independent programs that can spread themselves without having to be attached to a host program.

Worm

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A type of Trojan program used to release a virus, work or other destructive code.

Logic bomb

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Enables the designer or programmer to bypass system security and sneak back into the system later to access programs or files.

Backdoor

Attack floods a network or server with service requests to prevent legitimate users access to the system

Denial-of-service (DOS)

Means using people skills such as being a good listener to trick people into revealing private information

Social engineering

Security measures which use a physiological element that’s unique to a person and cannot be stolen.

Biometric security.

A combination of hardware and software that acts as a filter or barrier between a private network and external networks including internet.

Firewall

Protects against both internal and external access. Usually placed in front of a firewall and can identify attack signatures and cause routers to terminate connections with suspicious sources.

Intrusion detection system (IDS)

Corner bolts, electronic trackers, and identification badges are common what?

Physical computer network security measures.

Provides a secure tunnel through the internet for transmitting messages and data via a private network.

Virtual private network (VPN)

Transforms data called plaintext or clear text into a scrambled form called ciphertext that cannot be read by others.

Data encryption.

The electronic transfer of data from one location to another

Data communication

The amount of data that can be transferred from one point to another in a certain time period.

Bandwidth

The loss of power in a signal as it travels from the sending device to the receiving device

Attenuation

Multiple pieces of data are sent simultaneously to increase the transmission rate

Broadband data transmission

Voice grade transmission channel capable of transmitting a maximum of 56,000 bps, so only a limited amount of information can be transferred in a specific period of time.

Narrowband

Rules that govern data communication including error detection, message length and transmission speed

Protocols

A common carrier service, is a high speed service that uses ordinary phone lines.

Digital subscriber line (DSL)

All processing is done at one central computer

Centralized processing system

Maintains central control and decentralized operations. Processing power is distributed among several locations.

Distributed processing

A seven layer architecture for defining how data is transmitted from computer to computer in a network.

Open systems interconnection (OSI)

Connects workstations and peripheral devices that are in close proximity

Local area network (LAN)

Can span several cities, states, or even countries and it is usually owned by several different parties.

Wide area network (WAN)

Consists of a central computer and a series of nodes connected to it.

Star topology

Computers and devices are arranged in a circle so each node is connected to two other nodes.

Ring topology

Connects nodes along a network segment but the ends of the cable are not connected as they are in a ring topology

Bus topology

An industry standard suite of communication protocols that enables interoperability.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP)

The process of deciding which path to take on a network

Routing

A network connection device containing software that connects network systems and controls traffic flow between them.

Router

Software runs the local computer and communicates with the remote server to request information or services

Client/server model

Security protocol that uses EAP to obtain a master key. After the session is terminated the master key is discarded.

WPA2

Similar to bandwidth, it is the amount of data transferred or processed in a specific time

Throughput

Worldwide collection of millions of computers and networks of all sizes. The network of all networks.

Internet

The foundation network linked with fiber optic cables that can support very high bandwidth. It is made up of many interconnected government academic commercial and other high capacity data routers.

Internet backbone

The web organizes data by using what?

Hypermedia

The embedded references in hypermedia documents are called what?

Hypertext

Domain names are converted to IP addresses by what?

Domain name system (DNS)

Where are domain names used?

URL’s

The language used to create web pages. Defines a page layout and appearance by using tags and attributes

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

One of the most widely used services on the internet.

E-mail

Using the internet rather than the telephone network to exchange spoken conversations

Internet telephony

A network within an organization that uses internet protocols and technologies

Intranet

A journal or newsletter that is updated frequently and intended for the general public

Blog

An electronic audio file such as an MP3 file that is posed on the web for users to download to their mobile devices or computers

Podcast

Encompasses all the activities a company performs in selling and buying products and services using computers and communication technologies.

E-business

Buying and selling goods over the internet

E-Commerce

Introduced the value chain concept in 1985

Michael Porter

Movement of materials and parts from suppliers and vendors to production or storage facilities.

Inbound logistics

Processing raw materials into finished goods and services

Operations

Capitalize on the advantages of online interaction with their customers yet retain the benefits of having a physical store location.

Click and brick e commerce

Uses the internet to sell goods and services

E commerce

Brings sellers and buyers together on the web and collects commissions on transactions between these parties.

Brokerage model

Involves using the internet to sell directly to consumers

Business to consumer e commerce

Involves electronic transactions between businesses

Business to business e commerce (B2B)

Enables employees in an organization to order and receive supplies and services directly from suppliers

E procurement

Concentrated on a specific industry or market such as the utilities industries

Vertical market

Concentrated on a specific function or business process

Horizontal market

Uses voice recognition and text to speech technologies

Voice based e commerce

Transaction which money or scrip is exchanged electronically

Electronic payment

About the size of a credit card and contains an embedded microprocessor chip for storing important financial and personal information.

Smart card

An error which can be in grammar, punctuation or logic.

Bug

Removing errors

Debut or debugging

Segment of executable program code enclosed in a control structure

Code block

Move procedure is performed in what manner?

Self centric

A turn is a rotational action requiring two arguments what are they?

Direction and amount

Requires an argument for its vehicle property

setVehicle procedure

One or more lines or text intended for the human reader

Comment

Do in order is an example which determines the order in which statements are executed

Control structure

Breaking down a complex action into two or more simpler step

Decomposition

A procedure gets a link to a skeletal joint what is that called?

Joint reference

1. Creating documentation with comments 2. Decomposing complex actions into simpler steps 3. Writing code

Implementation

Set grid blocks to 1 meter on a side

Snap grid

All objects in an Alice scene have a vehicle property

Vehicle

Creates a code block and tells Alice to execute code statements concurrently

Do together

Control structure that creates a code block for repetition

Count loop control structure

Count loop is often referred to as

For loop

Makes a speech bubble appear above a characters head

Say method

Once a procedure has been written it can be called again and again this concept is called?

Code reuse

Press and hold CTRL key

Copy and paste keyboard shortcut

Scene is activated and a runtime window is splayed and my first method is called

Run button is clicked

Procedure written by the programmer

Custom procedure

a name is this when it sufficiently describes the action performed by the procedure

Self documenting

Writing the name of your custom procedure as all one word with no spaces this is called

camelCase

Contains the statements that tell Alice how to perform the action of the procedure

Procedures code block

Design technique that repeatedly decomposes a complex action again and again into smaller pieces

Stepwise refinement

A feature of object oriented program languages that allows objects of a class to reuse methods

Inheritance

Implements a family based hierarchy of classes

Alice Gallery

A special type of object that remembers a location and orientation for the camera

Marker

Color and texture

Paint object (resource)

Alice provides a feature that allows for exporting code for reuse in the other animation projects

Export and Import

File extension for edited classes

.a3c

Must be imported into your project from the Alice sound gallery

Audio source file

What type of devices have serious health and other negative impacts on teens including stress, sleep loss, accidents and increased anxiety

Handheld devices

A virus consists of what type of code?

Self propagating

The protocol used for internet telephony is?

Voice over Internet protocol

HTML uses these two things to define a page layouts appearance

Tag and attributes

Specified a value such as a font color for a page

HTML Attribute

What do count loops use to determine the number of repetitions?

Loop control value