test 2

Question 1

After imposed retirement from Roman politics, Cicero took up writing

Answer 1

philosophical treates

Question 2

Among the dangerous military innovations of Marius threatening the Republic was his

Answer 2

Recruitment of destitute volunteers who swore an oath of allegiance only to him.

Question 3

As Rome expanded, it became Roman policy to govern the provinces with officials known as

Answer 3

proconsuls and propraetors.

Question 4

For the Romans, Italy’s geography

Answer 4

made Rome a natural crossroads and an area easy to defend.

Question 5

In Roman household cults, Janus was

Answer 5

the spirit of the doorway.

Question 6

In Rome, the male family head could

Answer 6

arrange the marriages of all offspring.
sell his children.
divorce his wife.
put his children to death.

Question 7

In their struggle with the patricians, Roman plebeians employed which of the following tactics:

Answer 7

assassination of political opponents

the formation of popular assemblies to lobby for more political reforms

Question 8

It can best be said that Roman imperial expansion was

Answer 8

highly opportunistic, responding to unanticipated military threats and possibilities for glory.

Question 9

Roman legend identifies twin brothers Romulus and Remus as the founders of Rome.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

Roman traditionally associated the rape of Lucretia and its alleged consequences with

Answer 10

the establishment of the era of the Republic.
the model of Roman womanhood and virtue.
the end of Rome’s control by monarchs.
the end of the Etruscan domination of Rome.

Question 11

Sulla’s legacy and importance was that he

Answer 11

employed his personal army in political disputes, paving the way toward Roman civil war.

Question 12

The head of the Roman religious observances was

Answer 12

the pontifex maximus.

Question 13

The Latin alphabet was a modification of the Etruscan alphabet.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

The main achievement of the Hortensian law in Roman constitutional history was its

Answer 14

ruling that all plebiscita passed by the plebeian assembly had the force of law and were binding even upon the patricians.

Question 15

The people to the north of Rome who apparently ruled Rome for a century and heavily influenced Roman urban culture were the

Answer 15

Etruscans.

Question 16

The Roman senator who led the movement for the complete destruction of Carthage was

Answer 16

cato

Question 17

Which of the following statements about marriage best captures the realities for Roman women by the first century B.C.E.?

Answer 17

they remained legally the property of their fathers

Question 18

Which of the following statements best applies to Roman education:

Answer 18

The wealthy classes wanted training in Greek and mastery of rhetoric, or persuasive public speaking, for their children.

Question 19

The Etruscan alphabet was derived from the

Answer 19

greeks

Question 20

All of the following occurred during the reigns of the five “good emperors” except for

Answer 20

the halting of imperial bureaucratic growth.

Question 21

Among Augustus’s key innovations in Roman provincial rule was his

Answer 21

division of Roman provinces into those ruled directly by the princeps and the senatorial provinces administered by the Senate

Question 22

Among Augustus’s most important actions in the area of Roman religion was his

Answer 22

creation of an imperial cult

Question 23

Augustus added more territory to the Roman Empire than any other single Roman in its history.

Answer 23

true

Question 24

Augustus’s social legislation

Answer 24

made adultery a criminal offense and outlawed wasteful expenditures for feasts

Question 25

Christianity spread very slowly and remained a minority religion in the Roman Empire by the end of the first century C.E.

Answer 25

true

Question 26

Concerning social classes during early Roman Empire,

Answer 26

the power of the equestrian class was expanded.

Question 27

During the Early Empire (14-180 C.E.), the Roman army

Answer 27

was increased to 400,000 men

Question 28

Imperial Rome's gladiatorial shows

Answer 28

were government-backed spectacles used to content the masses

Question 29

In the city of Rome, the poor were housed in massive apartment blocks known as "villas."

Answer 29

false

Question 30

One of the famous jurists of the Early Empire responsible for completing the basic natural rights principles vital to the Western world was

Answer 30

Ulpian

Question 31

The absolute monarchical powers of Augustus as princeps led to

Answer 31

is great popularity, as he followed proper legal forms for his power. led to the perception that he co-ruled with the senate the decline of popular participation in elections. the usual victory of his candidates in official elections.

Question 32

The early values of Christianity, as exemplified in Jesus' "sermon on the mount,"

Answer 32

emphasized devotion to the values of humility, charity, and true brotherly love

Question 33

The event that curtailed Augustus's expansionist policies was

Answer 33

the defeat by Varus in the Teutoburg Forest.

Question 34

The first of the Flavian emperors was

Answer 34

Vespasian

Question 35

The largest area of Roman innovation in architecture was

Answer 35

the use of concrete on a massive scale.

Question 36

The last great persecution of Christians was ordered by

Answer 36

Diocletian

Question 37

The most important figure in early Christianity after Jesus was

Answer 37

Paul

Question 38

The praetorian guard came to play an important role in making and deposing emperors.

Answer 38

true

Question 39

The Roman praetorian guards were

Answer 39

elite troops given the task of protecting the emperor

Question 40

The Senate granted Octavian the titles Augustus and imperator (emperor), but he preferred to be addressed as

Answer 40

princeps

Question 41

When Augustus died, who chose his successor?

Answer 41

Augustus himself

Question 42

Which of the following argued that women should be subservient to men?

Answer 42

Paul

Question 43

Which of the following trends developed during the reigns of the Julio-Claudian emperors?

Answer 43

Emperors took more and more actual ruling power away from the old Senate

Question 44

After Constantine's death, the Roman Empire began to divide into western and eastern parts and by the end of the fourth century had become virtually two independent states.

Answer 44

true

Question 45

Augustine's Confessions was written as

Answer 45

an account of his own miraculous personal conversion

Question 46

Augustine wrote which one of the following books?

Answer 46

The city of God

Question 47

In 597, Pope Gregory the Great sent which of the following to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons?

Answer 47

Augustine

Question 48

In Germanic society wergeld

Answer 48

developed as an alternative to acts of revenge for injury

Question 49

Irish monasticism from the sixth through eighth centuries tended to be highly

Answer 49

ascetic

Question 50

Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, much of it derived from the holy book Qur'an, and regulating all aspects of Muslim life. This law code is called

Answer 50

Sha'ria

Question 51

Muslims regard Muhammad as a Prophet but not as divine.

Answer 51

True

Question 52

Pope Gregory the Great was responsible for all of the following except

Answer 52

writing The Ecclesiastical History of the English People.

Question 53

The basic rule for western monastic living was developed by

Answer 53

Benedict

Question 54

The Edict of Milan

Answer 54

was Constantine's document officially tolerating the existence of Christianity.

Question 55

The founder of the Frankish kingdom and the first royal Frankish defender of the Catholic faith was

Answer 55

Clovis

Question 56

The Germans believed that the ordeal

Answer 56

could reveal the truth by showing which party God favored in a dispute

Question 57

The greatest difference between Irish Christianity and Roman Christianity was in

Answer 57

Irish church organization, giving Irish abbots more power than bishops

Question 58

The pope who supposedly caused Attila and the Huns to turn away from Rome was

Answer 58

Leo I

Question 59

The primary instrument of Pope Gregory for converting the Germanic peoples of Europe was

Answer 59

monasticism

Question 60

The title "vicars of Christ" has traditionally been given to the

Answer 60

Bishops of Rome

Question 61

The withdrawal of Roman armies from Britain enabled

Answer 61

Angles and Saxons, Germanic tribes from Denmark and Germany, to invade and to establish new kingdoms on the isle

Question 62

Western monasticism was characterized by

Answer 62

a balance of study, work, and prayer

Question 63

After the death of Louis the Pious

Answer 63

an incessant struggle between Louis the German, Charles the Bald, and their heirs over disputed territories weakened the Carolingian word.

Question 64

A vassal's primary loyalty was to the local church bishop rather than his secular lord.

Answer 64

false

Question 65

Charlemagne's Carolingian Renaissance was characterized by

Answer 65

looking to Italy for inspiration and keeping the Classical heritage alive.

Question 66

Charlemagne's most disappointing military campaign came against the

Answer 66

Basques

Question 67

In feudal Europe, a manor was

Answer 67

an agricultural estate owned by a lord and worked by peasants

Question 68

Initially, the greatest effect of the church on Frankish marriage

Answer 68

was to limit sexual license and concubinage

Question 69

In the Middle Ages, monastic hospitality to travelers was

Answer 69

a sacred duty

Question 70

In feudal Europe, a vassal was a man who

Answer 70

served another as a warrior

Question 71

In feudal Europe, a serf was a man who

Answer 71

was bound to the land as a farmer

Question 72

Regarding sexuality, the Catholic Church in the Early Middle Ages

Answer 72

was unable to enforce clerical celibacy

Question 73

Socially and culturally, the church's advocacy of indissoluble marriage resulted in

Answer 73

the development of the nuclear family at the expense of the extended family.

Question 74

The Carolingian monks

Answer 74

preserved the world of classical latin authors through their copying of manuscripts

Question 75

The coronation of Charlemagne in 800 as emperor of the Romans

Answer 75

symbolized the fusion of Roman, Germanic, and Christian cultures.

Question 76

The English king who helped establish a unified Anglo-Saxon monarchy by defeating the Danish army was

Answer 76

Alfred the Great

Question 77

The expansion of the Carolingian Empire under Charlemagne

Answer 77

was most successful against the German tribes to the east.

Question 78

The first Frankish king to be anointed in holy ceremony by an agent of the pope was

Answer 78

Pepin

Question 79

The lord-vassal relationship in the Germanic practice of medieval Europe

Answer 79

was an honorable relationship between free men

Question 80

The missi dominici were officials that Charlemagne used to

Answer 80

ensure his counts were following his wishes.

Question 81

The ruthless Russian leader responsible for tying Russian political and religious ideals to the Byzantine Empire was

Answer 81

Vladimir

Question 82

The Slavic people of the Rus were best known for

Answer 82

founding the state that became known as Russia

Question 83

The Treaty of Verdun in 843

Answer 83

divided the Carolingian empire

Question 84

Which of the following was a similarity between Christian and pagan medical practices in the Early Middle Ages?

Answer 84

In both periods, magical rites, charms, and amulets were used.

Question 85

Who wrote The Life of Charlemagne, an account of Charlemagne’s achievements?

Answer 85

Einhard

Question 86

By 1100 charters of liberties granted townspeople such privileges as

Answer 86

written urban law that guaranteed their freedom.

Question 87

By the twelfth century, divorce among nobles was

Answer 87

not possible except through official recognition that a marriage had never been valid.

Question 88

Combative tournaments involving knights

Answer 88

were considered by knights to be excellent and necessary training for warfare.

Question 89

In medieval thought, women were considered

Answer 89

by nature subservient and lesser beings than men.

Question 90

In northern European countries, the most common drink of the medieval peasant was

Answer 90

ALE

Question 91

In the High Middle Ages, European society was dominated by the aristocracy, best described as

Answer 91

"men of war"

Question 92

Marriages among the aristocracy of the High Middle Ages

Answer 92

were expected to establish political alliances between families and increase their wealth.

Question 93

Medieval university instruction

Answer 93

used the lecture method

Question 94

Much of the surplus resources of medieval urban society went into

Answer 94

the construction of castles and churches reflecting its basic preoccupations, warfare and God

Question 95

One consequence of the new agriculture of the Early Middle Ages was

Answer 95

the destruction of the forests

Question 96

Students in medieval universities

Answer 96

They often engaged in quarrels with one another and in confrontations with townspeople.

Question 97

The basic staple of the peasant diet was

Answer 97

bread

Question 98

The church figure who tried to reconcile faith with reason in his Summa Theologica was

Answer 98

Thomas aquinas

Question 99

The curriculum of the medieval university

Answer 99

consisted of the trivium and quadrivium.

Question 100

The dominant style of the church architecture in the eleventh and twelfth centuries was

Answer 100

Romanesque.

Question 101

The dramatic increases in European population between 1000 and 1300

Answer 101

An increased birth rate outstripping relatively high medieval mortality rates.

Question 102

The first university in northern Europe was

Answer 102

Paris

Question 103

The high number of fights and accidents described in medieval court records may plausibly be attributed to

Answer 103

the high consumption of alcohol.

Question 104

The main part of the medieval castle was called the

Answer 104

keep.

Question 105

The primary preoccupation of scholasticism was

Answer 105

the reconciliation of faith with reason.

Question 106

The "new agriculture" of the High Middle Age

Answer 106

was in part brought about by a change from the two-field to the three-field system

Question 107

The windmill and the watermill were the most important methods for the harnessing of power before the invention of the coal-driven steam engine of the eighteenth century.

Answer 107

true

Question 108

Troubadour poetry was chiefly concerned with

Answer 108

the courtly love of nobles, knights, and ladies.

Question 109

Which of the following brought peasants into contact with the village church?

Answer 109

holidays. religious feasts. baptism. Mass.

Question 110

Which of the following was NOT used as a source of power by medieval farmers?

Answer 110

coal