Test 2 Flashcards
How much caffeine is in the average (500 mg) cup of coffee?
100 mg of caffeine
What substance(s) does alcohol generalize
Barbiturates and several anesthetics
What change will alcohol provoke in a the rundown runway food and shock test?
If given alcohol, they will run down the runway and eat the food
What substance reduces control of aversive consequences?
Alcohol
What substance(s) does alcohol not generalize?
Amphetamines
When alcohol tends to increase behaviour that is normally suppressed by punishment or adverse consequences
Disinhibition
Labels for possible with drawl symptoms associated with the abstinence of alcohol consumption after chronic use
Early minor syndrome and late major syndrome
Prolong alcohol abuse me eventually lead to cirrhosis of the liver which is characterized by
The development of scar tissue on the liver
What disorder is related to the physical symptoms such as increased heart rate shortness of breath and fear of dying
Panic disorders
Benzodiazepines are absorbed more rapidly when taken orally than intramuscular because
They tend to bind to proteins at the intramuscular injection site
Iso-propanol, ethanol, and methanol are types of what
Alcohols
Pat and Chris have the same body weight and drink the same amount of alcohol under the same conditions. Pat will reach a higher blood alcohol level if
Pat is a woman and Chris is a man
An en bloc blackout is
When alcohol causes amnesia because memories of events were never formed
Benzodiazepines alter the functioning of which transmitters
GABA
Which of the following have a low affinity for the benzodiazepines receptor and have a weak effect
Abecarnil
The stimulus properties of the benzodiazepines will generalized of the following drug
Barbiturates
Most benzodiazepine abuse is a result of
Physician prescribing practises
Which class of drugs is it possible to target specific symptoms such as anxiety without producing sedative-hypnotic side effects
Z-drugs
Nicotine can be absorbed from cigar and pipe smoke without inhaling because
Nicotine it makes saliva basic so therefore it does not get ionized and is absorbed rapidly
When people stop smoking day
They are mood worsens then returns to normal in 3 to 4 weeks and then becomes better than it was during smoking over the next 10 weeks
In some experiments, the stimulus properties of nicotine partially generalized to what?
D-ampetamine
Which is not a means of delivering nicotine as an aid to smoking cessation?
Nicotine pills
Because of different combustion temperatures…
The concentrations of carcinogens and toxic substances are higher
Nicotine vaccines such as TA-Nicand NicVAX
Stimulate the bodies immune system to create antibodies for molecules of nicotine. The antibodies surround the molecules of nicotine, blocking them from entering the blood brain barrier
What is not a member of the methylxanthines?
Theo xanthine
How much caffeine is in the average cup of coffee
100 mg
The methylxanthines are bases and in the acidic environment of the digestive system…
They do not ionize at all because of their low PKa
Kathleen is found in many over the counter headache remedy because
Vasoconstriction in the brain
Automutilation in rats after consuming caffeine refers to
Causing oneself to bleed as a result of biting their tail and paws
Human caffeine self administration studies have shown which factor can contribute to caffeine preference
Physical dependence and reporting pleasant subjective affects from caffeine
chronic tolerance and alcohol
Develops over weeks requires 30 to 50% higher doses
Alcohol tolerance and rats
Leaves after 2 to 3 weeks of abstinence, but reappears quicker
Alcohol stimulus properties
Stimulus properties blocked by 5-HT3 receptor blockers and not dopamine D2 blocker
Acute tolerance
When tolerance develops during a single administration. A cute tolerance of alcohol affects on cognitive functioning very depending on many factors. Some of these include dose and prior alcohol exposure. Many of the effects of alcohol or more pronounced when the blood alcohol concentration is rising as opposed to when it is falling
