Test 1 Flashcards
What is antabuse?
Competes with acetylaldehyde for AD
What is alcohol dehydrogenase?
Catalyzes the oxidation of secondary and primary alcohols.
The more AD present, the higher tolerance
What is Kidney Nephrons?
Bowmans capsule —>
Glomerulus —>
Urinary bladder
What is the pH of a solution?
A measure of the hydrogen ions
Define patency
The amount of drug you need to get the desired effect
What is antagonism?
When one drugs diminishes the effect of another
Speed effectiveness of 4 parental drugs
I.V. > I.P. > I.M. > S.C.
What is the super additive effect?
Combing drug effectiveness
What does a low ED50 mean?
The drug is more potent
What is an example of a conditioned response in the paw-lick test?
Tolerance
Define latency
Delay
What does MED50 mean
Median effective dose (when 50% of the drug users are effected)
What are 4 way of drug administration?
Parental, Oral, Transdermal, and Inhilation
What does an MLD50 mean?
Median Lethal Dose (the dose at which 50% of drug participants died)
What are the 4 types of parenteral administration?
Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and interperitionel
What is the force of diffusion?
Moving from a high concentration to a low concentration
What are the 4 kinds of ions in MP
Na+ ions, K+ ions, Cl- ions, and proteins
What is an example of a Unconditioned Stimulus in the paw-lick latency test
The drug (morphine)
What will happen if you give an injection in the white room with NO morphine
After tolerance develops in a white room, the rats becomes hyperalges (more sensitive to pain). They have an extremely short latency (delays) to lick their paws.
Give an example of a unconditioned response in the paw-lick latency test.
Increasing the latency (delay) to lick their paws
Give an example of a conditioned stimulus in the paw-lick latency test.
The white room (triggers tolerance)
What is a GABA neurotransmitter?
It is a universal inhibitory neurotransmitter
What are forces that maintain the resting potential in neurons?
The Na+ and K+ pump and selective permeability
What is the resting potential of a neuron?
Diffusion and electrostatic pressure
How do neurons communicate?
Through the action potential where both the inside and the outside of the cell is 70 MV and the neuron is polarized
Define angonist
To enhance
Define antagonist
To weaken
