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Linguistic theory > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Structural ambiguity

A

How words are grouped is ambiguous - more intelligent leaders

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2
Q

Cleft sentence test

A

It is/was x that y
Ex. It is the desk into the hall that the people will move. NO
it is the boy with red hair that I met. YES

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3
Q

Oblique

A

The subject or object of a prepositional phrase

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4
Q

Dative

A

Indirect object

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5
Q

Linguistic meaning

A

Social or affective meaning

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6
Q

Referencial meaning

A

The actual person/thing ex. Barack Obama

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7
Q

Sense meaning

A

Ex. Barack OR the 44th President

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8
Q

Hyponymy

A

Relationship. Superordinate term (dog) and subordinate terms/hyponyms (poodle, lab, etc)

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9
Q

Metonymy

A

Part/whole relationship

Ex. Face/mouth

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10
Q

Polysemy

A

Meanings are related literally or metaphorically

Ex. Bright and bright

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11
Q

Homonymy

A

Same word but meanings are not related

Ex. Bat and bat

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12
Q

Homophony

A

Same pronunciation, different spelling

Ex. Tail tale

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13
Q

Analytical truth

A

Definitely true based on word meaning. A bachelor is an unmarried man.

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14
Q

Contradictory truth

A

Untrue. A bachelor is a married man.

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15
Q

Synthetic truth

A

May or may not be true. Need more info. My neighbor is a bachelor.

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16
Q

Presupposition

A

What can be assumed or must be true based on the sentence

17
Q

Entailment

A

The more specific entails the more general. Ex. Fred fried the fish. Fred cooked the fish.

18
Q

Epistemical modality

A

Makes an assertion, but not 100% sure. Probably or possibly.

19
Q

Deontic modality

A

Express obligation, permission, suggestion ex. Must may should

20
Q

Agent

A

Initiator of an action

21
Q

Patient

A

Affected by the verb, change of state

22
Q

Experiencers

A

Not an agent. Physical or mental sensation. Christina likes pancakes.

23
Q

Instruments and clauses

A

Injured BY a stone or WITH a stone

24
Q

Recipient

A

Receives a physical object

25
Q

Benefactive

A

That for which an action is performed

26
Q

Locative

A

Location of an action or state

27
Q

Temporal

A

The time at which the action or state occurs

28
Q

Cooperative principles

Quantity

A

Must be appropriately informative

29
Q

Quality

A

Be truthful

30
Q

Relevance

A

Be relevant at the time of utterance

31
Q

Manner

A

Be brief, clear, orderly

Linguistic theory (2 decks)

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