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Deviance in US Society > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Goal of social control

A

To maintain conformity in society

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2
Q

Two basic processes of social control

A
  1. the internalization of group norms

2. External pressures in the form of sanctions

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3
Q

Manifest functions of institutions

A

What is intended- what the institution is supposed to do (learn at a university)

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4
Q

Latent functions of institutions

A

Consequences of the institutions (student debt)

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5
Q

The Functionalist Perspective

A

Deviance is viewed as strengthening the bonds of social order- prompts social change

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6
Q

Anomie

A

state of normlessness due to rapid social change

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7
Q

Institutional anomie

A

major institutions in the US have exaggeration on success, leads to deviance

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8
Q

Strain Theory

A

lack of opportunities for conventional success leads to strain (anger, frustration, deviance)

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9
Q

Conformity

A

Accept goals and means (going to college)

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10
Q

Ritualism

A

Reject goals but accept means (will work but don’t care about moving up in the world)

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11
Q

Innovation

A

Accepts the goals but rejects means (make money but do it illegally- drug dealing)

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12
Q

Retreatism

A

Reject goals and means (into the wild)

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13
Q

Rebellion

A

New means and new goals- always have an agenda to push new goals

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14
Q

structural functionalism

A

for a society to be functional, it must have all of the institutions working at the same time

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15
Q

Differential opportunity theory

A

more than one way to get rich, cannot assume that everyone has equal opportunities and means

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16
Q

Types of differential opportunity theory

A

criminal (boys in sketchy neighborhood w no sources), conflict (no opportunity for success because of limited means), retreatist (so angry that they gave up)

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17
Q

General Strain Theory

A

pressured into deviance by negative stimuli that leads to anger/frustration (no possibility of rewards)

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18
Q

What happens when there’s strain?

A

Strain leads to anger which leads to deviance

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19
Q

Institutional Anomie Theory

A

Suggests that the American dream leads to crime and deviance because of its emphasis on artificial success

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20
Q

Aspects of the American dream

A

winning, wealth, economy (banking, stocks)

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21
Q

Criticisms of anomie and strain theories

A

look at notes

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22
Q

Examples of abuse for Abu Gharaib

A

state of anomie and confusion at the camp produced deviance with inmates and the army, such as torture on prison inmates

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23
Q

Social disorganization theory

A

attempts to explain why certain neighborhoods control deviance and why others are unable to minimize it- if deviance is not controlled,

24
Q

Two by products of social disorganization

A

leads to deviance in the short term and deviance to be a “norm” (normative reorganization) in the long term (whole different society)

25
Differential Association theory
criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other people (intimate social groups)
26
Broken Windows theory
If someone sees a building with broken windows then it is easier for you to break the windows too
27
Law enforcement vs community policing
lets stop the crime vs lets work with them
28
Social Cohesion
being tight knit with your community- not always a good thing
29
1980's Resurgence (Julianni), SD Theory
cleaned up NY by attacking little crimes (broken windows) which caused more issues
30
Marxist theory
Industry and economy- industrial capitalist means of production produce alienation (Boujwazee (rich) vs proletariat (workers))
31
False Consciousness
People in power try to distract the oppressed people from actual problem by getting the people to fracture
32
Hirshchi's control theory
Social bonding is the key to non delinquent behavior (attachment, commitment, involvement, belief)
33
Spitzer's analysis
capitalism is becoming a monopoly- owners are becoming workers and people need a high education to work, causing issues for social junk
34
Vold's analysis
People's lives are centered around groups, when groups are threatened by other groups, they become closer (gay bars) Laws are the agents
35
Gusfield's analysis
Folks that want to keep their power will use laws
36
Turk's analysis
laws are more likely to be enforced if they represent values or target people with little power- use power as resource control
37
Chambliss' analysis
Everyone commits crime- enforcing it helps the powerful- crime divides us into classes
38
Critical theories- feminist criminology
critiques the status quo of the treatment of women- women are called deviant because they are lower in capitalism
39
Critical race theory
challenging white supremacy- racism is the water that we are swimming in
40
Reading 29- racial profiling and law enforcement
Chandler roundup of people who look like illegal immigrants- caused eve more distrust of law enforcement- macro and micro
41
Cultural appropriation
taking something from a different culture and benefitting from it (Kylie Jenner wearing cornrows and profiting from it)
42
Melting pot metaphor
one culture and everyone who comes in should benefit from it
43
Salad bowl metaphor
mixed together but still seperate
44
Hegemony/ othering
One dominant group that controls everything- alienating the inferior group
45
Peacemaking criminlogy
should organize the world around peace and compassion- anti death penalty and restorative justice
46
Occupy Wall Street movement
protests against inequality in the US and the American dream crumbling
47
Defy Ventures non profit
turned around drug and gang leaders
48
Academic strain reading
Strains: failure to achieve goals (bad grades), neg stimuli (being benched for bad grades), peers commenting on bad grades- leads to drug misuse in college students
49
Social Disorganization theory- social classes
studies can only focus on low income neighborhoods because the elites can cover things up
50
Reading 13- immigration vs levels of deviance
immigration is associated with lower crime rates- lower rateof violence with Mexican Americans than black or white neighborhoods
51
Broken windows policing reading
police walked on foot rather than in cars but caused lots of issues- targeting certain populations and only focusing on the small crimes
52
Reading 9-shoplifting
racial profiling and workplace lock ins
53
Simple sabatoge manual
How can you fuck things up and get away with it (crying, changing the question, etc)
54
Reading 26- racism and inequality over time
minorities say that racism has gotten worse while whites claim it has gotten better- black women are basically ignored- racism is the norm
55
Reading 10- homelessness and PRISM
laws want to protect the white middle class from the homeless- PRISM gaining info about people through their private info
56
Thesis, antithesis, synthesis
idea to propose change, argument against it, compromise

Deviance in US Society (2 decks)

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