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Bio 101(spring 18) > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The most compelling evidence that a species can undergo genetic change over time (evolution) can be seen in

A

Domestication of plants and animals by humans

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2
Q

Human birth weights is an example of what?

A

Stabilizing selection

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3
Q

Fossil evidence recently indicates that life began how many years ago?

A

3.77 billion

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4
Q

How do mutations affect the organism?

A

Depends on its effect on the survival of the animal

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5
Q

What is the geologic Eras in chronological order?

A

Precambrian, paleozoic, mesozoic, and cenozoic

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6
Q

Abotic selection factors change in an area over large time periods mainly because of what geographic event?

A

Continental drift

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7
Q

If the population of individuals is 100, what is the size of the gene pool for a given trait?

A

200 (always doubled the amount of individuals)

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8
Q

At what latitude north and south are most deserts found?

A

30

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9
Q

Two male elk fighting is an example of what kind of selection?

A

Intrasexual selection

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10
Q

True or false:

The more genes species share in common, the more closely they are related

A

True.

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11
Q

The descendants of the mutineers of the Bounty on pitcairn island are an example of how ___ can change gene frequencies

A

Gene Flow

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12
Q

Evolutionary, survival can be defined as…

A

Living to reproduce successfully

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13
Q

If a population is reduced to an extreme low level but then recovers it is called

A

The bottleneck effect

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14
Q

What percent do we share our genes with bananas?

A

7%

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15
Q

Who was first to propose the concepts of natural selection and genetic change over time?

A

Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace

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16
Q

The higher than normal incidence of Huntington disease in the “Afrikaners” of south Africa is an example of what?

A

Founder effect

17
Q

What is the average efficiency of a predator catching a prey?

A

20%

18
Q

The only source of new genetic material (genes) is…

A

Mutations

19
Q

True or false, As we go down through sedentary rock, the rock , the fossils found lower are younger than those found higher up.

A

False

20
Q

Are gill slots present in embryo development of fish, reptiles, and humans?

A

Yes

21
Q

The density of sunlight striking the earth is highest where?

A

The equator

22
Q

Is pesticide resistance in mosquitos an example of microevolution?

A

Yes

23
Q

Which just be oldest geologic era?

A

Precambrian

24
Q

The fossil record for wild horses shows that they got ___ over time

A

Bigger?

25
Q

How can gene flow change the frequencies of a population

A

It decreases or increases the gene frequency

26
Q

give an example of how intrasexual selection can result in no nonrandom mating

A

Females typically choose the male mates who have a stronger performance of physical beauty or of strength. This selection process causes females to make with the successful male. The fact that the female can reject males showcases nonrandom mating

27
Q

Why is it called “natural selection?”

A

Because nature i.e. predators, environments, climate, etc causes a slight change in a gene sequence over time in a population.

28
Q

Why do we have different seasons of the year?

A

The earth is a sphere that is tilted on an axis which rotates on that axis

29
Q

What is the definition of competition?

A

Completion is when two individuals are fighting for a required resource

30
Q

What would be classified as a good mutation?

A

Mutation that can better the lifespan of an organism which allows them to reach the age of reproduction

31
Q

Why is predation a nonrandom selection force?

A

Predators will be mainly successful on catching prey they have traits which can be described as “weaker” prey will filter out whatever that is making the prey more susceptible to be caught

32
Q

How are fossils formed?

A

Hundreds of millions of years of sediment that builds on top of the carcass of a dead organism

33
Q

Why is domestication of animations evidence for natural selection

A

Because it shows how traits can be deemed favorable and therefore stay in the gene pool. If this can happen by humans than this can happen in nature at a much slower pace.

Bio 101(spring 18) (3 decks)

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