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HAHP 2000 > TEST 2 > Flashcards

TEST 2 Flashcards

1
Q

According to the Scammon Growth Chart, what system of the body has the fastest development?

A

Lymphnoid

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2
Q

What is the Scammon Growth Chart? (what for systems, and age?)

A

A chart that displays the growth of: (from birth to 20 years)

  • lymph system
  • neural system
  • genitals
  • general systems
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3
Q

What are a few environmental variables that affect the physical development of a child?

A
  • Ethnicity, SES, # of children in family, hygiene, PA levels
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4
Q

What kind of skills are delayed in development?

A

Gross motor skills

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5
Q

What (two) parts of the human body grows faster?

A

Brain and head

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6
Q

What does myelination do?

A

Increases speed of neuron communication

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7
Q

3-6 years: most rapid growth is shown in what part of the brain?

A

The frontal lobe

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8
Q

The frontal lobe does what?

A

Working memory, attention

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9
Q

What are gross motor skills? Examples.

A

Large movements that involve muscles of arms, legs or whole body.
- running, jumping, crawling, walking

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10
Q

What are fine motor skills? Examples.

A

Small detailed movements of fingers or toes

  • writing
  • scissors
  • picking up objects
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11
Q

What does NEAT stand for and what does it mean?

A

Non-exercise activity thermogenesis:

- energy expended for activities that are daily activities like walking to work or gardening or fidgeting.

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12
Q

What is BMR?

A

Basal metabolic rate: amount of energy one needs at a resting state.

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13
Q

During the children at preschool article, what percentage of their time were they physically active / sedentary?

A

PA: less than 3%
Sedentary: 80%

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14
Q

When do self-conscious emotions begin to take place? (give 3 self-conscious emotions)

A

When the child develops a sense of self

  • pride
  • shame
  • embarrassment
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15
Q

What is moral development?

A

Development of behaviour, thoughts and feelings

- beginning to understand what is right and wrong?

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16
Q

What are Freud’s moral feelings?

A

Anxiety and guilt

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17
Q

What are Piaget’s 2 moral reasonings?

A
  1. Heteronomous morality

2. Autonomous morality

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18
Q

What is heteronomous morality and at what age do people have it?

A

The morality that all rules are set in stone,

  • a bad action will always have a punishment
  • 4 - 7 y/o
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19
Q

What is autonomous morality and at what age do people have it?

A

The morality that not all rules are set in stone, and that they are created,

  • context to a specific action will determine a consequence
  • 10 + y/o
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20
Q

What is gender?

A

The SOCIAL dimensions of being male or female

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21
Q

What is sex?

A

The BIOLOGICAL dimensions of being male or female

22
Q

What 5 influences influence gender?

A
  • biological
  • social
  • parental
  • peer
  • cognitive
23
Q

At what age is gender identity typically established?

A

3 y/o

24
Q

What are “gender roles”?

A

Expectations of what females and males should do

25
Q

What are the 4 parenting styles and what do they consist of?

A
  1. Authoritarian: restrictive, punitive
  2. authoritative: encourages independence, with limits
  3. neglectful: uninvolved
  4. Indulgent: highly involved, no limits
26
Q

Which parenting style is the best?

A

Authoritative

27
Q

Who are the 4 theorists of play?

A

Freud, Erickson, Piaget and Vygotsky

28
Q

What were Freud and Erickson’s theory of play?

A

That play helps children master anxieties and conflicts

29
Q

What is Piaget’s theory of play?

A

Cognitive structures need to be exercised, play does this

30
Q

What is Vygotsky’s theory of play?

A

Make-believe play helps in the advance of cognitive development

31
Q

What is the main barrier to active play?

A

Parents: being overprotective and not letting their child explore

32
Q

What 3 things happen to the teenage brain?

A
  • cortical thickens
  • advances in PREFRONTAL CORTEX
  • synaptic pruning and focal activation
33
Q

Hyperplasia?

A

Increase in cell number, mitosis

34
Q

Hypertrophy?

A

Increase in cell size

35
Q

Accretion?

A

Increase in intracellular substances

36
Q

In “changing emphasis of PA during childhood and adolescence” graph (Malina, 1991), what are the 2 types of PA?

A
  • general PA: motor skills

- prescriptive PA: for health, fitness and behavioural outcomes

37
Q

At what age is a child most active and why does it decline?

A

3 y/o

- they have a love of movement but are beginning to become limited due to enviro.

38
Q

CAPL stands for?

A

Canadian assessment of physical literacy

39
Q

What is physical literacy?

A

Motivation, confidence, competence, knowledge to value and take responsibility for engagement in PA for life

40
Q

What percent of children 5-17 meet the PA guidelines?

A

9%

41
Q

How many hours a day do children remain sedentary?

A

8.5 hours

42
Q

According to the 24 hour movement guidelines, no more than how much screen time is __?

A

2 hours

43
Q

What is the right amount of sleep per night for 5-13 and 14-17 year olds?

A

5-13: 9 to 11 hours

14-17: 8 to 10 hours

44
Q

How many hours should you sweat per day?

A

One hour

45
Q

What perccent of children meet the canadian sedentary behaviour guidelines?

A

24%

46
Q

What are the benefits of PA on brain health (cellular level)?

A

development of blood vessels and neurons, increase growth factor in NS, maintenance and plasticity

47
Q

Name 3 risks of sedentary behaviour.

A
  • type 2 diabetes
  • anxiety / depression
  • coronary heart disease
48
Q

75% of children are having more ___ than recommended.

A

Sodium

49
Q

More than what percent of girls aged 5-8 wanted to be thinner in 2004?

A

40%

50
Q

Who created the IQ test?

A

William Stern

51
Q

How do you calculate IQ?

A

Mental age/chronological age x 100

52
Q

Who invented the Stanford-Binet test?

A

Alfred Binet

HAHP 2000 (3 decks)

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