Test 2 Flashcards
Andreas Vesalius, founder of modern anatomy
Corrected over 200 errors of Galen and other ancient anatomists in his treatise De humani corporis fabrica(The fabric of the human body) appeared in 1543. This revolutionary book is considered the first anatomical work based on direct observation of the dissected human body. In fact Vesalius rediscovered the original writings of Hippocrates and Galen
Gabriele Falloppio, Italian anatomist
First identification of the oviducts and the lacrimal ducts
Bartolomeo Eustachii, famous Italian anatomist
Rediscovered and correctly described the channel connecting the middle ear with pharynx (auditory tube) he was the first to identify adrenal glands
Gaspare Asselli, professor at university of Pavia
first physician to describe the lymphatic vessels
Raymond Vieussens, French anatomist
professor at the university of Monpellier, author of the Pioneer works in the field of cardiology
Niels Stensen, Danish anatomist
discoverer of the ovaries and excretory ducts in the parotid glands
Thomas Wharton, famous English physician and anatomist at the university of Cambridge
first descriptions of the submandibular duct, thyroid gland and the gelatinous connective tissue (Wharton”s gelly) of the umbilical cord
Thomas Willis, English anatomist and professor at university of Oxford
discoverer of the brain vasculature (arterial circle of Willis) he was the first to number 12 cranial nerves
Giovanni Domenico Santorini, Italian anatomist, professor at University of Venice
discoverer of the accessory duct of the pancreas (Santorini’s duct)
Regnier De Graaf, dutch anatomist
first to describe the development of the ovarian follicles
Giovanni Battista Morgagni, Italian anatomist, professor of university of Padua
father of pathological anatomy, author of De sedibus et causis morborum ( on the seat and cause of disease) published in 1761
Antonio Scarpa, professor of university of Pavia
an Italian discoverer of the cardinal innervation, the first anatomist to perceive the fluid inside the inner ear(endolymph) and to describe the aneurism. A valuable contribution to ophthalmology (father of Italian ophthalmology)
John Hunter, Scottish surgeon
the first study of human teeth, an understanding the nature of digestion, a proof that the maternal and foetal blood supplies are separate
William Hunter, elder brother of John Hunter, famous anatomist and obstetrician of his day
His treatice Anatomia uteri umani gravidi(The anatomy of the human gravid uterus) contains very modern and detailed images of the foetal development
Felix Vicq-d’Azir, French anatomist
interesting studies on the microstructure of the cerebral cortex
Charles Bell, French anatomist and physiologist
author of the first detailed studies of the brain
Jules Cloquet, french anatomist and histologist
discoverer of the remnant of the embryonic hyaloid artery inside the eyeball(Cloquet’s canal)
Karl von Rokitansky, a Bohemian physician and pathologist
founder of modern scientifically-oriented medical team called Second Vienna School 1830. The members of the group. eg. Josef Hyrti, Josef Skoda, Ferdinand von Hebra had a great contribution to the development of experimental pathology and discovered plenty of diseases. However, they were not interested in the therapy and patient care (therapeutic nihilism)
Zacharias Jansen, a dutch spectacle maker
probably invented the first truly compound microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, famous dutch scientist from Delft
commonly known as the father of microbiology. He was the first to perceive bacteria, spermatozoa and capillaries using his handcrafted microscopes
Marcello Malpighi, a great italian anatomist
professor at university of Bolonia and also physician to pope innocent xii is regarded as the founder of histology, discoverer of the renal corpuscles in the kidney and taste buds of the tongue
Robert Hooke, english scientist from Oxford
His book Micrographia 1665 contains a lot of unique microscopic observations. He coined the term cell for describing biological organisms
Jab Evangelista Purkyne, Czech scientist, one of the greatest histologists and physiologists in history of medicine
discovered the conducting system of the heart(Purkyne fibres) the ganglionar cells in the cerebellum( purkyne cells) and sweat glands, he was the first to use a microtome to make histological specimens and made a theoretical basis of dactyloscopy (a valuable technique in the forensic investigations )
Santiago Ramon y Cajal, famous Spanish histologist, a nobel prize laureate 1906, greatest neuroscientists of all time
performed the pioneering investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain and discovered almost all types of neurons
Camillo Golgi, Italian neuroanatomist, physician and pathologist
nobel peace prize laureate(together with Cajal 1906) he invented the silver impregnation of nervous tissue to visualize the new forms of nerve cells and fibres
Paul Langerhans, a German histologist
discoverer of the endocrine part pf the pancreas(islets of Langerhans) and the macrophages in the epidermis(skin)
Rudolf Virchow(german anatomist and pathologist)
discovere of the cancer cells, author of the epigram omnis cellula e cellula(every cell always originates from another one)-the fundamental statement of the cell theory
Leopold Auerbach(german histologist)
the first to identify the innervation of the intestines
Michel Servete (Servetus)
a Spanish scientist, the first physician to describe the pulmonary circulation
William Harvey
an English physiologist, professor at the University of Cambridge, one of the greatest scientists of all time, on the ages of his revolutionary treatise De motu cordis et sanguinis in animalibus (On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals), edited in 1628, he published the first complete and correct theory of the blood circulation.
