Test 2

Question 1

4 vertical reference lines on the face

Answer 1

Bridge of the nose
Philtrum
Face midline
Dental midline

Question 2

Pythagoras’ ratio:

Plato’s ratio:

Answer 2

1/1.618

1/1.733

Question 3

4 keys to esthetic harmony

Answer 3

1. Frame and reference
2. Proportion and Idealism
3. Symmetry
4. Perspective and Illusion

Question 4

9 components of smile

Answer 4

1. Lip line
2. Smile line
3. Upper lip curvature
4. Buccal corridor
5. Axial alignment and gradation
6. Dominance
7. Embrasures
8. Dental morphology
9. Gingival morphology

Question 5

Natural teeth have _ in the gingival third

Answer 5

Straight emergence profiles

Question 6

Achieving a successful esthetic outcome necessitates a _

Answer 6

Soft tissue complex in harmony with adjacent teeth

Question 7

Hierarchy of facial esthetics

Answer 7

1. Macro
2. Mini
3. Micro

Question 8

2 basic types of TMD

Answer 8

Myogenous TMD

Arthogenous TMD

Question 9

___ is the basis of accurate diagnosis

Answer 9

A good history

Question 10

3 factors that cause TMD

Define them

Answer 10

Predisposing factors
 -Increase the risk for TMD
Initiating factors
 -Cause TMD
Perpetuating factors
 -enhance progression of TMD

Question 11

5 factors to consider when evaluating TMD

Answer 11

Occlusal condition
Trauma
Emotional stress
Deep pain input
Parafunctional activities

Question 12

Two ways occlusion can affect TMD

Answer 12

Introduction of an acute condition

Presence of orthopedic instability

Question 13

When does orthopedic stability occur

Answer 13

When MI is in harmony with the musculoskeletally stable position of the condyles in their fossae

Question 14

What are the parafunctional activities of the masticatory system

Answer 14

Diurnal parafunctional activity
-clenching, grinding, cheek biting, thumb sucking
Nocturnal parafunctional activity
-bruxing

Question 15

When should a dentist treat TMD

Answer 15

If occlusal interferences create muscle symptoms

Question 16

When should prosthetic treatment of TMD be done

Answer 16

After reversible therapy has worked to treat

Question 17

T/F supportive therapy cures TMD

Answer 17

False, it just treats symptoms (drugs/physical therapy)

Question 18

4 types of occlusal appliances

Answer 18

Bite guard
Night guard
Interocclusal appliance
Orthopedic device

Question 19

3 reasons to use occlusal appliances

Answer 19

1. More stable joint position (temporarily)
2. Optimum functional occlusion to reorganize neuro-muscular reflex
3. Protect teeth

Question 20

Occlusal appliance therapy is successful in _ % of TMD symptoms

Answer 20

70-90%

Question 21

5 features of all occlusal appliances

Answer 21

1. Alteration of occlusal condition (temporary)
2. Alteration of condylar position
3. Increase in vertical dimension
4. Cognitive awareness
5. Placebo effect

Question 22

6 types of occlusal appliances

Answer 22

Stabilization appliance
Anterior positioning appliance
Anterior bite plane
Posterior bite plane
Pivoting appliance
Soft (resilient) appliance

Question 23

What does a stabilization appliance provide and what is the primary treatment goal

Answer 23

Provides optimum functional occlusion

Goal is to eliminate any orthopedic instability