Test 2 Flashcards
What is an arm
The horizontal stroke of type
What is the ascender
The part of a lowercase letter that extends above the x height
What is a bar
The horizontal stroke in A H e t and similar letters
What is the bowl
A curved stroke which makes an enclosed space within the character. PBRgdbpqa
What is the counter form
Whitespace around and inside the letters.
What is the ear
The small stroke projecting from the top of a lowercase g
What is the Hairline
The Thin stroke usually common in serif typeface.
What is the link
The stroke connecting the top and bottom of the lowercase g
What is the loop
The lower portion of a lowercase g
What is the serif
A line crossing the main strokes of a character
What is the Descender
The part of a lowercase letter that is lower then the x height
What is the shoulder
The curved stroke of the hmn
What is the spine
The main curve of a s
What is the spur
A small projection off a main stroke. Found on many capital G’s
What is the stem
A straight vertical stroke or the main diagonal stroke of a letter with no vertical strokes
Stress
The direction of thickening in a curved stroke
Stroke
The diagonal stroke in a letter
Junction
The point at which two or more letter forms meet together
Leg
The downward angled stroke that is attached on one end and is free on the other.
Foot
The end of a stroke that rests on the baseline
Tail
The descender of a Q
Terminal
The end of a stroke that is not terminated with a serif
X hight
The hight of the lowercase letters excluding the ascenders and descenders
Love
A bulb shaped terminal stroke
Swash
Fancy flourish replacing terminal or serif
Lining figures
The hight of capital letters aligned at the baseline
Oldstyle figure
Varying heights in a fashion that resembles running text
Distinguishing characteristics of true itailics
A slanted typeface that does not have the characteristics of its roman counterpart resembles cursive
Oblique
Slanted roman type
True small caps
Same height and stroke of lowercase letters
””
Inch marks
“”
Quotation marks
How many points in an inch
72
How many picas in an inch
6
How many points in a pica
12
Kerning
To adjust the space between letters
Leading
To adjust the space in between lines
Word spacing
Defines additional space between words
Letter spacing
Usually called tracking a consistent degree of increase of increase or decrease of space between letters.
What are ligatures
Two or more letters joined in a single glyph
Alternate
A different character the designer has designed to go with the font to give it more variety
Readability
The ease at which the reader can recognize words, sentences, and paragraphs.
Legibility
The ease at which a reader can recognize individual letters.
Justified
Alignment method edges are even on both edges.
Pros: clean compact shape on the page
Cons: can be ugly spaces, rivers, to much hyphenation making it hard to read
Centered
Type of alignment.
Uses: invitations, certificates and tomb stones.
Cons: can break rhythm of text making it hard to read.
Flush left ragged right
FLRR
Alignment. Left edge hard and right edge soft.
Pros: even word space, no big holes,
Cons: be careful of a bad rag and to much hyphenation
Try to make it look random and organic
FRRL
Alignment.
Cons: hard to read
Effective for: marginal notes, sidebars, pull quotes, or other passages that comment on a larger body or image
Differentiation
Used to emphasis a section of text. Typographic hierarchy.
How: size, weight, color, position, type contrast
These methods can be combined. Spacing matters.
Optimum pt size
11 pts
Leading
Optical. Long ascenders and descenders = less leading
Shorter ascenders and descenders = more leading
Drop cap
The first letter or word drop at least four lines down in a paragraph
Complementary typeface
A typeface That works well with another
Small caps
Used in the begging of chapters and for acronyms in running text
Indent
When the first line of a paragraph goes in
Hanging indent
Hangs out into the margins. Opposite of indent.
Ornamentation
Used instead of indents to break up a paragraph. Think pilcrow
Sub heads
Needs to be closer to the text it goes with. No indent afterwards.
