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Church History > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did Martin Luther live?

A

Germany

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2
Q

What did Martin Luther do?

A
  • Led reformation

* Posts 95 thesis on the chapel door of the University challenging the Catholic Church, against indulgences

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3
Q

What were Martin Luther’s significant life situations?

A
  • Parents of peasant lineage, father successful as miner.

* Became monk after making a promise to St. Anne in a thunder storm.

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4
Q

What church(es) did Martin Luther start?

A

Lutheran Church

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5
Q

What were Martin Luther’s significant accomplishments?

A

Father of the reformation

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6
Q

Where did John Calvin live?

A

Geneva, Switzerland

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7
Q

What did John Calvin do?

A

Calvin’s government also punished “impiety” and dissent against his particularly spare vision of Christianity with execution.

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8
Q

What were John Calvin’s significant life situations?

A
  • Used Protestant principles to establish a religious government;
  • and in 1555, he was given absolute supremacy as leader in Geneva.
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9
Q

What church(es) did John Calvin start?

A
  • (Calvinism)
  • Presbyterianism in Scotland
  • Puritan Movement in England,
  • Reformed Church in the Netherlands
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10
Q

What were John Calvin’s significant accomplishments?

A

Published the landmark text Institutes of the Christian Religion, an early attempt to standardize the theories of Protestantism. (TULIP)

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11
Q

Where did William Tyndale live?

A

England

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12
Q

What did William Tyndale do?

A

Translated the Bible, thought to heretical by Catholics and Church of England.

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13
Q

What were William Tyndale’s significant accomplishments?

A

He received his Master’s Degree in 1515 at the age of twenty-one!

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14
Q

Even death, what is significant about William Tyndale (like a martyr’s death)?

A

Imprisoned for 500 days then strangled and burned at the stake at Vilvoorden, Belgium, Oct. 6, 1536- death ordered by English ecclesiastics and King Henry VIII. Betrayed by friend Philips.

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15
Q

Where did Zwingli live?

A

Switzerland

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16
Q

What did Zwingli do?

A

Attempted to control moral behavior and strict supervision became common in Zurich.

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17
Q

What were Zwingli’s significant life situations?

A

Attended universities at Basle and Vienna and served as a parish priest in Glarus, Switzerland.

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18
Q

What church(es) did Zwingli start?

A

Anabaptists

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19
Q

What were Zwingli’s significant accomplishments?

A

Zwingli’s ‘67 Articles’ were adopted by Zurich as the city’s official doctrine and the city experienced rapid reform

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20
Q

Even death, what is significant about William Tyndale (like a martyr’s death)?

A

Killed at the Battle of Keppel in October 1531

21
Q

What are indulgences?

A

Selling pardons for sins for the dead and living

22
Q

When did indulgences start?

A

Started during the Crusades

23
Q

Who sold indulges that angered Martin Luther?

A

Johannes (John) Tetzel

24
Q

What did the Puritans stand for?

A

A people who wanted to simplify and purify the Church of England. Had a Spirit of moral and religious earnestness that informed their whole way of life, and they sought through church reform to make their lifestyle the pattern for the whole nation.

25
Q

What branch church came from Puritan theology?

A

Quakers

26
Q

What is the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans?

A

Pilgrims are from anywhere. Puritan are from Church of England.

27
Q

Who led the Puritans?

A

Oliver Cromwell

28
Q

Who was the Catholic Queen that was important to the Counter Reformation?

A

Queen Isabella of Spain

29
Q

Which Queen of England wanted Catholicism in England?

A

Queen Mary, also known as Bloody Mary

30
Q

What are the 8 imperative principles of our Protestant heritage?

A

1) Uniqueness of the Bible, the Word of God, the only rule of Faith and Practice
2) The justification of the believer by faith alone, without works
3) The priesthood of all believers
4) Religious Liberty
5) Strengthening of the state and its deliverance from Subservience to Rome
6) Ethical value of this life and the sanctity of daily labor and of marriage, children, and the home.
7) Sanctity of human vocation, whether clerical or lay.
8) Virtues of thrift and industry.

31
Q

What is TULIP?

A
  • T = total depravity
  • U = unconditional election
  • L = limited atonement
  • I = irresistible grace
  • P = perseverance of the saints
32
Q

What are the 5 articles of Deist faith?

A
  1. The existence of God
  2. The obligation to worship God
  3. The ethical requirements of such worship
  4. The need for repentance
  5. Reward and punishment, in this life and the next
33
Q

Why did the 5 articles of Deist faith come to be (what were they against in their world)?

A

Tired of the squabbling of the orthodox religions
- They rejected what they considered the aberrations of the atheists and free thinkers in contrast to those who held to the narrow limits of orthodoxy.

34
Q

What did Copernicus discover?

A

Proved that the earth revolves around the sun. Meaning we were not the center of the universe.

35
Q

What did John Newton believe about the universe?

A

“This most beautiful system of the sun, planets, and comets, could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent Being. […] This Being governs all things, not as the soul of the world, but as Lord over all; and on account of his dominion he is wont to be called “Lord God” παντοκρατωρ [pantokratōr], or “Universal Ruler”. […] The Supreme God is a Being eternal, infinite, [and] absolutely perfect.”

36
Q

What was Blaise Pascal wager?

A

Belief is a wise wager. Granted that faith cannot be proved, what harm will come to you if you gamble on its truth and it proves false? If you gain, you gain all; if you lose, you lose nothing. Wager, then, without hesitation, that He exists.

37
Q

What is Rene Descartes’ philosophical statement?

A

“I think, therefore I am.”

38
Q

Know as much as can about John Wesley.

A

Mother- Susanna, taught religion and morals faithfully to her 19 children. Without her he would not have become a minister.
Family- Father Samuel was a priest and be had 18 siblings, his brother Charles went to Oxford with him.
Friend- George Whitefield, the two eventually parted ways theologically but remained friends. As Wesley was Arminian and Whitefield was Calvinist.
Life- Attended Oxford University,
How road to salvation started- noticed that the group of German Moravians, who were on their way to preach to American Indians, were not afraid at all. In fact, throughout the storm, they sang calmly. When the trip ended, he asked the Moravian leader about his serenity, and the Moravian responded with a question: Did he, Wesley, have faith in Christ? Wesley said he did, but later reflected, “I fear they were vain words.” His heart was “Strangely warmed”
In fact, Wesley was confused by the experience, but his perplexity was to lead to a period of soul searching and finally to one of the most famous and consequential conversions in church history.
What his groups were called- Holy Clubs
His church (be careful here) - Anglican
He did not intend to found a new denomination.
It is said that John Wesley single handedly kept England from a revolution

39
Q

What two orders came out of the Counter Reformation?

A

St. Teresa of Avila-Carmelites & St. John of the Cross – male order of the Carmelites
St. Ignatius Loyola - Jesuits

40
Q

Who started the Moravians?

A

Nikolaus Ludwig, count von Zinzendorf

41
Q

Where did the Moravians settle?

A

Hernnhut in Saxony

42
Q

What dogmas came from the 1545 Council of Trent that Roman Catholics followed for the next 400 years?

A
  • Tradition has authority parallel to Scripture
  • 7 sacraments
  • The mass was a true sacrifice that can be offered for the benefit of the deceased
  • Laity did not need to receive communion
  • Justification is based on good works done through the collaboration between grace and the Believer
43
Q

What did Jacob Arminius start?

A

Arminianism

44
Q

Who followed Jacob Arminius?

A

Remonstrants

45
Q

What theology did Arminius go against?

A

Calvinism

46
Q

What denominations followed Jacob Arminius?

A

Anglicans
Methodists
The Salvation Army
Nazarene

47
Q

What is the Reformers Landmark?

A

“Sola scriptura sola fide sola gratia”
• By Scripture Alone
• By faith alone
• By Grace alone

48
Q

What comes with Jakob Spener?

A

the Pietist movement

49
Q

Name two things Thomas Cramner did.

A
  • Book of Common Prayer- led writing of the book

- First Archbishop of Canterbury

Church History (2 decks)

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