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Church History > Test 1 - Revised > Flashcards

Test 1 - Revised Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the 4 sects of Judaism?

A
  1. Pharisees
  2. Sadducees
  3. Essenes
  4. Zealots
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2
Q

Were Jews and Christians friendly with one another in the early Church?

A
  • The Men and woman who made up the church at this time considered themselves good Jews.
  • The Bulk of the Christians in the ancient church at its beginning were Jews as well.
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3
Q

What were the three important items the Church needed to settle after the apostles died?

A
  1. Codify the Canon
  2. Create the Creeds
  3. Begin the Episcopacy
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4
Q

What is a creed?

A

• short statements of belief summarizing Christian teaching and introducing inquirers to the faith

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5
Q

What is the canon?

A

• Canon comes from a Greek term that means “Rod or Ruler” both items used in ancient times to measure things. The books of the Bible were used as rules or norms for people to live by just as the rod or ruler provided a rule or norm.
- authoritative scripture

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6
Q

What is apostolic succession?

A

• The uninterrupted transmission of spiritual authority from the Apostles through successive popes and bishops.

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7
Q

Who finalized the Canon in 376AD?

A

• Athanasius

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8
Q

Was there a hierarchy in the early Church?

A

• Early apostolic church was very fluid and flexible w/o a complex hierarchy.

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9
Q

When did the hierarchy evolve? What was the 112AD saying that was used about this hierarchy?

A

• 65 AD “follow the bishops as Christ followed the father”

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10
Q

What were the four offices of the early Church?

A
  1. Bishops
  2. Deacons
  3. Presiding Officers
  4. Elders
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11
Q

What did the Pax Romana do for the Christians?

A

• Allowed them to move freely around the Roman World, helped to spread Christianity.

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12
Q

What is Arianism?

A

• Only God is eternal, Christ is a created being, not one with the father. Jesus is subject to change and could potentially sin. He was created out of nothing before time began and could not comprehend the mind of God.

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13
Q

What is Marcion’s heresy?

A

• Old Testament God, Yahweh, is evil, for he created an evil world, and vindictive. Jesus’ God is not the same, but God the Father. Jesus was not born of Mary, then he would be a subject of Yahweh; he just appeared one day.

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14
Q

How did the Church feel about being martyrs?

A
  • It was an honor.
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15
Q

What were the three responses to persecution?

A
  1. Fold
  2. Die
  3. Fake
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16
Q

What were the three charges leveled against Christians by the Roman government?

A
  1. Cannibalism
  2. Incest
  3. Atheism
17
Q

Know from the slides who was martyred (early church fathers)

A
  • Ignatius
  • Polycarp
  • Perpetua
  • Felicitas
  • MORE???
18
Q

How did the Fall of Jerusalem effect the Christians?

A

• Forced the Christian church to disperse throughout the empire and beyond. Cut ties between Jerusalem and the church. Main reason Christianity became a universal religion instead of remaining a localized sect of Judaism. Freed the church to adopt non Jewish ways of doing things.

19
Q

Know when each Capital for Christianity started?

A
  • Jerusalem
  • Antioch
  • Alexandria
  • Rome
20
Q

Monasteries? Who started them (by tradition not by historians?)

A

• St. Benedict

21
Q

Who ran the monastery?

A

• Abbots

22
Q

Constantine – who was he and how did he effect Christianity?

A

• Emperor of Rome had a vision from God of a trophy of a Cross of light “conquer by this”. Legalized the religion of Christianity. Called synods to deal w/ cases of internal church strife.

23
Q

The Effects of the Crusades?

A
  • Weakened the Pope and nobles – strengthened monarchs
  • Stimulated trade throughout the Mediterranean area and the Middle East
  • Left a legacy of bitterness among Christians, Jews, and Muslims
  • Weakened the Byzantine Empire
24
Q

How did heresies effect the church?

A

• Met together in councils to discuss how they would defend the faith.

25
Q

The Feudal system – hierarchy

A
  • Kings
  • Nobles
  • Knights
  • Peasants
26
Q

What was chivalry?

A
  • Code of ethics followed by knights

* Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

27
Q

What did the Scholasticism movement bring to the world?

A

• Cathedral School established which allowed more scholarship
• Systematic theology was split apart from Biblical Study
o Theology went up – Bible study went down
• Commentaries replaced the study of the Word
• Universities sprouted up all Over

28
Q

Why did the Mysticism start?

A

• A response to Scholasticism which urged direct contact with God in the act of worship instead of passively participating in the coldly formal acts of worship performed by clergymen and scholars.
o Intuition
o contemplation

29
Q

What was the final straw the spilt the Church into Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholic?

A

• Pope excommunicated the Eastern Orthodox Patriarch, Michael Cerularius, and the Patriarch retaliated by excommunicating the Pope.

30
Q

What did these two Churches (EO and RC) have in common?

A
  • Base faith on the gospel of Jesus and the Bible
  • Use sacraments such as Baptism
  • Religious leaders are priests and bishops
  • Seek to convert people
31
Q

What did they (EO and RC) do differently?

A 
RC:  
Services in Latin
Pope has authority over all bishops
Pope claims authority over all kings
Priests may not marry
Divorce is not permitted

EO:
Services in Greek or local languages
Patriarch and other bishops head together
Emperor claims authority over Patriarch
Priests may be married
Divorce is allowed under certain circumstances

32
Q

How did the Church deal with those who denied Christ and wanted entrance into the Church after persecution ended?

A

• The Donatists didn’t want to let them back in, wanted a pure church of saints, not sinners. The rest of the church wanted to allow them back.

Church History (2 decks)

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