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Anthropology 101 Kerr > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Raymond Dart is credited with the discovery of______

A

Australopithecus Africanus

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2
Q

Were Australopithicines bipedal ?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Robert “Boom Boom” Broom was credited with the discovery of _____

A

Paranthropus Robustus

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4
Q

What is considered the cradle (womb) of humankind?

A

Olduvai (Oldupai) Gorge

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5
Q

Louis and Mary Leakey were credited with the discovery of ______

A

Australopithecus, now known as ( Paranthropus Boisei)

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6
Q

Donald Johanson is credited with the discovery of _____

A

Australopithecus Afarensis

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7
Q

the “Genus” Paranthropus includes the species____

A
  1. Bosei

2. Robustus

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8
Q

the “Genus” Australopithecus includes the species _____

A
  1. Africanus

2. Afarensis

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9
Q

Homo Habilis is believed to have made Oldowan tools by _____

A

2.4 MYA

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10
Q

Louis and Mary Leaky found Homo Habilis in year______

A

1960

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11
Q

Olduvai (oldupai) Gorge is named after the_____

A

Oldupai plant (a wild sisal)

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12
Q

Homo Habilis was a _______

A
  • bipedal
  • meat eater (also ate plants)
  • had larger brain than australopithcines
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13
Q

Homo Erectus was originally called _______

A

Pithecanthropus Erectus

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14
Q

Eugene Dubois is credited with the discovery of ________

A

Homo Erectus

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15
Q

where was “Peking Man” found ?

A

Dragon Bone Hill (Choukoutien)

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16
Q

Peking man was thought to hunt or exploit up to how many kinds of animals?

A

96 different mammals

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17
Q

what happened to the Homo Erectus specimens?

A

lost in 1941 (due to war)

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18
Q

roughly 70% of food bone at Choukoutien came from what animal?

A

deer

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19
Q

Roughly 40% of the skeletons at Choukoutien were _____

A

sub-adult

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20
Q

Choukoutien is the name for what excavation site?

A

Dragon Bone Hill

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21
Q

Which different species remains can be found at Olduvai Gorge? (3 of them)

A
  1. Paranthropus Boisei
  2. Homo Habilis
  3. Homo Erectus
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22
Q

At different times “bosei” remains have been assigned to the genus of (3 of them)

A
  1. Zinjanthropus
  2. Australopithecus
  3. Paranthropus (current genus)
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23
Q

Homo Erectus tools are called_______

A

Acheulean tools

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24
Q

Did Homo Erectus, Homo Habilis, and the Australopithicines ever leave Africa?

A

yes

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25
Q

What group of people may have the world’s longest unbroken culture?

A

Australian Aborigines

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26
Q

How long does it appear Australian Aborigines have been in Australia?

A

over 40,000 years

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27
Q

What is the Didgeridu?

A

a musical instrument that may connect you with the past

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28
Q

How long ago does Australian Aborigine cave art date back too?

A

30,000 years ago, roughly

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29
Q

Male Neandertals had a cranial capacity on average of ______

A

1550 cc’s

which is greater than ours today

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30
Q

Neandertals tools are known as______

A

Mousterian tools

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31
Q

who/what are credited with the ?

  1. first burials
  2. successful surgeries
A

Neandertals

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32
Q

Some Neandertal DNA can be found in ?

A

modern humans

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33
Q

Who tracks elephant poaching in Africa?

A

National Geographic “Warlords of Ivory”

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34
Q

Up to how many African Elephants are slaughtered every year for their tusks?

A

30,000

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35
Q

The poached ivory is sold for?

A

weapons used by terrorists (like ISIS and others) to kill europeans, africans, americans, and others

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36
Q

How long have the Hadzabe been hunter/gatherers for?

A

10,000 years

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37
Q

The Iraqw used to live in underground houses because ?

A

to hide/protect from raiding Maasai tribe and others

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38
Q

Are the Maasai hunter/gathers and always have been?

A

no

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39
Q

The Datooga are mainly known for their skill in _______

A

metalworking

make bracelets and spoons and arrows they can identify as their own

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40
Q

What is the Great American Triade (the three sisters)?

A
  1. corn
  2. beans
  3. squash
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41
Q

Corn was domesticated from _____

A

Teosinte

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42
Q

Who named and explained the “Oases Theory”?

A

V. Gordon Childe

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43
Q

Is agriculture much more labor intensive than food foraging?

A

yes

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44
Q

an example of a obligatory cultigen is ______

A

corn

45
Q

What is an obligatory cultigen?

A

must be cultivated

46
Q

What is Teosinte?

A

a non-obligatory cultigen, ancestor of corn

47
Q

Kur Virus

A

like mad cow disease in humans, people go crazy, lose control of muscles, can’t hold up themselves

48
Q

Loess “Lus” is____

A

organic soil, rich in nutrients

49
Q

Bronze Age

A

5000 B.C.

  • wine traded
  • vinegar (aged wine) drank like gatorade by romans
  • central gov’t
  • taxes were 1st written record
  • food storage, navigation, social stratification used
50
Q

how many times sharper than a razor are obsidian tools?

A

500x sharper

51
Q

first animal domesticated by humans ?

A

dog

52
Q

first animal to go to space?

A

dog

53
Q

australian aborgines smoked_____

A

tobacco

54
Q

do food foragers still exist today?

A

yes

55
Q

What is carrying capacity?

A

largest number of people an environment can sustain under a certain set of conditions

56
Q

the people of Ali Kosh exploited a wide range of _________

A

ecological zones

57
Q

location of first cities?

A

Mesopatamia

58
Q

1st hominid to leave Africa?

A

Homo Erectus

59
Q

of people at Ali Kosh, during one time?

A

100

60
Q

the “new world settlement” was ____

A

Tehucan Valley

61
Q

What type of hominid was lucy?

A

Australopithecus Afarensis

62
Q

How many years have humans been using fire oppurtunistically?

A

1.5 MYA

63
Q

How many years have humans been able to control fire?

A

600,000 years

64
Q

How many years have humans been domesticators?

A

50,000 years

65
Q

who developed the osteodontokeratic tool use theory?

A

Raymond Dart

66
Q

the osteodontokeratic tool use theory is?

A

australopithecus used bone and horn animal implements to hunt animals. they may have also been cannabalistic eating other australopithecus’s

67
Q

what is the “Tuang Baby” also known as “Tuang Child”?

A

fossilized skull of a Australopithecus Africanus? founded by Raymond Dart in 1924

68
Q

Lucy

A

Australopithecus Afarensis founded Donald Johanson in 1974

  • known as “first human” dated as old a 2.9 MYA
  • she is 40% of fossil remains of a female
  • found in Hadar, Ethiopia
69
Q

First Neanderthal remains were found in _______

A

1856

in Neander Valley

70
Q

years since people of the Tehucan valley lived?

A

7000-1000 BC

exploited peanuts,potatoes, pineapples,chillies, corn, choclate

71
Q

what is a manuport?

A

something moved by human hands

72
Q

Mictlan is the ________

A

“land of the dead” known by Aztecs

73
Q

possible evidence of religion in Neanderthals may include?

A
  1. burial of the dead
  2. use of red ochre in burials
  3. flower pollens in grave
74
Q

what is the Neolithic revolution?

A

the switch between food foragers to domesticators

11000-5000 YA

75
Q

is children dying proof to the yanamamo that their magic works?

A

yes

76
Q

what are Yanamamo micro movements based on?

A

garden plots

77
Q

what is La Chapelle?

A

type site for Neanderthal morphology , known a the “old man”

  • found neaderthal skull in 1908
  • skull was about 60,000 years old
78
Q

“maize” is another name for ______

A

corn

79
Q

the people of Ali Kosh lived in the persian gulf around________

A

7500-5500 BC

80
Q

linear culture existed about ______

A

6000-3800 BC

81
Q

the people of the Tehuacan Valley lived around _____

A

7000-1000BC

82
Q

who was a “man called Bee”?

A

Napoleon Chagnon

83
Q

The skeleton of Australopithecus Africanus is most similar to the skeleton of ______

A

Homo Habillis

84
Q

The skeleton of Homo Floresiensis is most closely related to the skeleton of _______

A

Homo Erectus

85
Q

Terra Amata is a __________ site in France?

A

Homo Erectus

86
Q

what was found in Gilbrater in 1848?

A

Homo Sapiens Neandertalensis

87
Q

The earliest known tools are _______

A

Oldowan tools (stone)

  • used by Homo Habilis
  • beginning of lower paleolithic (2.4-2.5 MYA)
88
Q

Homo Erectus credited with?

A
  1. first to control fire (600,000 YA)
  2. 1st to leave Africa
  3. Cannibalism
89
Q

Culture can override _____

A

biology

90
Q

Knowledge is _____

A

power

91
Q

one major problem with the rise of cities is____

A

pollution of water, air, and land

92
Q

can domestication lead to increased size of edible parts?

A

yes

93
Q

Yanamamo housing placement based on? (2 of them)

A
  1. kinship

2. family ties

94
Q

in Australia which bird is known as the good father?

A

the lotus bird

95
Q

Arunta people?

A

aboriginals that see no connection between sex and the creation of a new human
-boys go through “right of passage” where they get circumsized and front teeth knocked out to represent the EMU

96
Q

Dobu people?

A
  • men take of the baby when mother is pregnant by having sex 30-40 times a day
  • week baby is sign of men not fucking wives enough to “feed the baby” during pregnancy
  • women eat one food and do nothing when pregnant
97
Q

Dobu men must _______

A

“be as strong as a lion”, if a dobu man cannot kill the lion his friends kill him for his weakness

  • give lion heart to mom
  • give tanned skin of lion to kid when it grows up
98
Q

Ashanti people?

A
  • women don’t have sex when pregnant

- if baby is born weak it is fathers fault for having sex with mom when pregnant and stealing babies food

99
Q

Couvade

A

where father ritually gives birth in public as mother gives birth in private

-practiced in spain

100
Q

Athabascan People?

A

men could not touch women during first period of they lose hunting abilities

101
Q

Apache People?

A

father kills albino deer for daughters first period to make a dress

  • men leave and women throw a big celebration for 10 days
  • shaman come from all over to touch girl since she is in a state of ritual impurity
102
Q

Do women get circumcized in egypt?

A

yes, if they want to be a woman and get married

103
Q

how to africa boys get circumcized?

A

stand in front of village , if they scream out they remain boys in eyes of tribe

104
Q

What group of people use “Bush school” as right of passage?

A

Mano People

105
Q

Maasai people?

A

known for stealing cattle (cattle are bank account)

  • men drink cattle blood
  • women drink cattle milk
  • new adults wear face paint
106
Q

Hadzabe people?

A

lived in Tanzania for 10,000 as hunter/gathers

  • use poison arrows
  • kill daily food in morning
107
Q

Iraqw people?

A

lived in Tanzania for last 1,000 years

-lived underground to avoid Maasai raids

108
Q

Datooga people?

A

lived in Tanzania since 1,500 AD

Anthropology 101 Kerr (3 decks)

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