Test 2 Flashcards
Who established the holy roman empire
Charlemagne
Who is credited with “founding” the Roman Catholic Church
St. Peter
Verse the roman catholic church used to validate themselves
Matthew 16:18
Means emperor leads church and state
Caeseropapism
Although almost equal, the church can trump the state
Two Swords theory
Disagreement about who could appoint new bishops
Investiture Controversy
the appointing of a new Bishop
Investiture
Bishops are appointed by the a political figure(the king)
Lay investiture
who were the two opponents in the Investiture controversy?
King Henry IV and Gregory VII
Why was the church of Rome considered worthy to lead the Catholic church?
Because of apostolic succession and matthew 16:18
who stopped the islamic expansion in the west?
Charles Martel
What does Charles Martel’s name mean
hammer
Where did Charles Martel stop the Islamic expansion?
Battle of Tours
Who won the Investiture Controversy
Pope Gregory the VII
Muslim civilization in spain
Al-Andalus
Under islamic rule, christianity was il/legal?
legal
Nomads who conquered the overthrew the Islamic empire
Seljuk Turks
To what religion did the Seljuk Turks convert to upon conquering of the Islamic empire
Islam
Where did the now-Islamic Seljuks annihilate the Byzantine army
at the Battle of Manzikert
Who was the emperor of Byzantium when the Seljuks conquered it
alexios Komnenos
To whom did Alexios Komnenos appeal for help
Pope Urban II
How did pope Urban II respond to Alexios Konenos request for help
He initiated the First Crusade
What phrase did Urban II use to justify the First Crusade
Deus Vult!
What does Deus Vult mean
“God wills it”
Which crusade freed Jerusalem from Islamic conquest
First Crusade
Term used for lands regained by the first crusades?
Outremer
what does outremer mean
“Across the Sea”
what was the result of the 4th crusade
It skipped Jerusalem and conquered/looted byzantium instead
How did monasticism start?
Now that there is no PERSECUTION how can we sacrifice our lives for God?
First Monk
Antony
What did Antony do after the persecutions
He fled to the desert to seek god without distraction
Where was Antony (Monk) from
Egypt
What does monk mean
“alone”
nonviolent alternate form of martyrdom
monasticism
monks living together in community
Cenobitic Monasticism
What monastery did Benedict of Nursia found
Monte Cassino
What did Benedict of Nursia write?
the Rule of St. Benedict
what are the Rules of St Benedict
poverty chastity and obedience
what was one of the activities cenobitic monks would do
Manuscript Copying
The leader of a monastery is a
Abbot
Two sides to the “new” monastacism
Franciscan and Dominican
Who founded Franciscan Monasticism
Francis of Assisi
Who founded Dominican Monasticism
Dominic of Guzman
What was significant about Francis of Assisi
He took the verse saying “sell everything…” literally
what did the Franciscans believe
simple gospel, Mendicants, Pope Francis I?
what does Mendicants mean
“Beggars”
what is the “simple gospel”
to be a christian is to be humble(i.e. poor)
What does Dominic of Guzman focus on
apologetics
when did Dominic of Guzman live
during the Spanish Inquisition
what was the Spanish Inquisition
the systematic persecution of non-Christians/heretics
Gnostic-like heresy stating matter was evil
the Cathari
what was the focus of the Dominicans
to persuade rather than force conversion
Dominicans nickname
Domini Canes
what does Domini Canes mean
hounds of the lord
definition of scholasticism
an attempt to probe deeper into the Christian faith
Ansley’s Proslogion
Can we prove god’s existence
what type of one was Thomas Aquinas
dominican
what did Thomas Aquinas spend his life doing
systematizing the christian faith
what is considered the highest achievement of the scholastic movement
Summa Theologica
what was the structure of summa theologica
basic question, objections, sed contra, reply to objections
what does sed contra mean
Explanation
who wrote summa theologica
Thomas Aquinas
a place where christians are “cleansed” before entering Heaven
purgatory
what is believed about saints’ trip to heaven
They go straight there, no purgatory
how can humans relate to saints
We can ask them to intercede on our behalf
an overflow of the saint’s good deeds to make up for our bad deeds
treasury of merits
a certificate which signifies that the saint’s merits have been applied on your behalf to lessen your or a loved one’s time in purgatory
Indulgence
book that systematized the christian faith
Summa Theologica
means to make sacred
sacraments
specific rituals that god has established to grant you grace
Sacraments